钝化剂对好氧高温堆肥处理猪粪重金属含量及形态的影响

,,,,,,,(,410128)::,ZnCuPbCrAs,Hg;ZnCuPbCrAsHg,3,Zn;CuCr;PbHg:;;;;:X53:A:1673-4831(2008)03-0074-07EffectofHeavyMetalPassivatoronConcentrationsandFormsofHeavyMetalsinPigManureCompostedAero2bicallyUnderHighTemperature.LIUHao2rong,SONGHai2xing,RONGXiang2min,LIUQiang,XIEGui2xian,PENGJian2wei,ZHOUCheng,CHENLi2ru(CollegeofResourceandEnvironment,HunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha410128,China)Abstract:Astudywascarriedoutusingthesequentialextractionmethod,oneffectofapplicationofheavymetalspassi2vatoronconcentrationsandformsofheavymetalsinpigmanurebeingcompostedaerobicallyunderhightemperature.Re2sultsshowthatafteraerobiccomposting,concentrationsofZn,Cu,Pb,Cr,andAswereincreased,buttheconcentrationofHgwasdecreasedsignificantly.CompostingobviouslystimulatedtransformationofZn,Cu,Pb,Cr,As,andHg,intoformslowinactivity,thusdecreasingbio2availabilityoftheheavymetals.Amongthethreeheavymetalpassivators,zeolitwasthemosteffectiveinreducingbio2availabilityofZnandCu,sepiolitewasthemosteffectiveinreducingbio2availabilityofCr,andbentonitewasthemosteffectiveinreducingbio2availabilityofPbandHginpigmanure.Therefore,zeolite,se2pioliteandbentonitecanbeusedtotreatpigmanureincompostingtoreducetheriskofheavymetalpollutionofusingpigmanureinfarmland.Keywords:passivator;aerobiccomposting;pigmanure;heavymetal;bio2availabilityZnCuAs[1],[2],,[3]TESSIER[2],[4],,;pH,,;;,;,[5][6],,[7-8],:(2006NK2001);(07A028):2007-11-292008,24(3):74-80JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment[9][3],,[10],,,C/N,3,11.1;;;1,21Table1Physicalandchemicalpropertiesofrawmateri2alsincomposting/(gkg-1)/(gkg-1)C/N/(gkg-1)/(gkg-1)/%364.2324.9114.6532.6213.727.58395.946.6559.721.1324.5710.672Table2Concentrationsofheavymetalsinrawmaterialsincompostingmgkg-1ZnCuAsPbCrHg1096.00173.688.9115.240.6710.5265.639.293.6528.760.261.7958.1330.908.1730.661.123.00129.7225.2822.3821.120.822.86105.2754.7317.5425.152.883.461.220064,:(1)+;(2)+;(3)+;(4)()30.5cmC/N25,0.4m1.0m,50kg,35d60%65%,2d1,5d1,1.3,++[11],3(ICP)3Table3Sequentialextractionmethodforgradingformsofheavymetalsincomposting0.5molL-1MgCl2,pH7.0V()m()=101,252h,0.5molL-1NaOAc0.5molL-1HOAc,V()m()=101,253h,pH4.740.175molL-1(NH4)2C2O40.1molL-1V()m()=101,253h,H2C2O4,pH3.2530%H2O2,0.5molL-1NaOAc0.5molH2O2,V()m()=2.51,852,0.5L-1HOAc,pH4.74molL-1NaOAc0.5molL-1HOAc,V()m()=101,253h,HNO32HClO4,0.1molL-1HNO3,,0.1molL-1HNO3,573:22.144Table4EffectofcompostingoncontentsoftotalZn,Cu,Pb,Cr,As,andHgmgkg-1ZnCuPbCrAsHg941.38116.628.7344.8336.766.211043.83178.1211.9356.9946.673.461126.30120.537.1044.7244.175.601146.58143.688.7964.2955.304.541173.00125.536.2733.3234.575.311336.27136.6511.5346.8753.813.281141.60135.458.0641.4630.325.831449.63145.5211.3551.1141.644.464,,ZnCuPbCrAs,101180%152.73%,,[3]Hg,55172%81109%,Hg[3,12],2.22.2.1ZnZn,Zn(5)Zn(),Zn0.67%1.97%0.46%0.90%,Zn8199%12187%2122%3138%,Zn41123%47102%11170%20.90%;Zn13198%21.00%24.69%38158%,Zn21.90%29.48%36179%56.58%Zn,Zn4Zn,1.4401170.210.23Zn,Zn5ZnTable5ChangesinmorphologicaldistributionofZnincompostbeforeandaftertreatmentwithdifferentpassivators/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%18.521.97121.1212.87131.6113.98392.5841.70277.5229.485.520.5333.483.21402.7238.58218.1120.90384.0136.7912.051.07101.218.99236.5521.00529.5647.02246.6421.9010.270.9038.793.38310.7927.11212.1018.50574.6350.127.840.67106.759.10226.5319.31528.4745.05303.4025.876.080.4639.132.93378.7228.34156.3111.70756.0256.588.810.77119.4410.46217.5719.06470.6641.23325.1028.487.770.5432.242.22357.8724.69235.0616.21816.7056.342.2.2CuCu,Cu(6);Cu,;Cu,Cu,Cu5.25%10.37%4109%6122%,Cu56.05%64136%29.14%45.92%;Cu7168%9112%18125%23.26%,CuCu,6724,Cu518361090.821.49Cu,,6CuTable6ChangesinmorphologicaldistributionofCuincompostbeforeandaftertreatmentwithdifferentpassivators/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%11.579.925.534.7410.398.9173.7663.2515.3413.157.284.094.032.2632.5018.2551.9129.1482.4046.2612.5010.373.582.9710.899.0477.5764.3615.9613.246.154.285.123.5631.6922.0555.4138.5645.3131.546.585.251.861.499.637.6870.3656.0537.0029.486.054.434.853.5531.7823.2659.1243.2634.8525.5010.447.712.541.8812.359.1278.0757.6432.0023.629.056.234.733.2633.6323.1866.6545.9231.0621.342.2.3AsAs,As,As,(7)As,As7.05%16.16%4.39%8.04%,As4.90%8.09%2.22%3.81%,As2.32%7.75%1.28%2.07%;As65.24%79.54%81.63%87.15%As,As41182.667.398.12,,As7AsTable7ChangesinmorphologicaldistributionofAsincompostbeforeandaftertreatmentwithdifferentpassivators/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%/(mgkg-1)/%3.519.561.985.390.852.322.978.0927.4074.642.515.383.407.290.781.671.162.4938.8283.183.117.052.605.901.102.502.225.0235.1079.542.434.393.105.610.711.281.232.2247.8486.504.3412.571.414.092.687.761.694.9024.4070.682.795.181.773.281.001.861.362.5346.8987.154.8916.161.765.812.026.671.705.6219.9065.243.358.041.854.450.862.071.593.8133.9981.632.2.4PbPb,Pb,Pb,(8)Pb,Pb21.12%30.32%2191%7.66%,Pb25.97%38.34%1.10%2.85%,Pb11.04%23.85%2126%4.28%Pb9101%20125%65.40%80179%Pb,Pb773:191151811727.4116.34Pb,,8PbTable8ChangesinmorphologicaldistributionofPbincompostbeforeandaftertreatmentwithdif