多级表面流人工湿地在鄱阳湖区农村面源污染控制中的应用万金保

305201010BulletinofSoilandWaterConservationVol.30,No.5Oct.,2010　　　:2010-03-21　　　　　　　:2010-04-13　　:“”“”,“”(2007BAB23C02)　　:(1952—),(),,,,。E-mail:@163.com。万金保1,兰新怡1,汤爱萍1,2(1.,330031;2.,330031)　:,。,COD,TP,NO-3—NNO-2—N608.46,3.22,8.140.62kg/a,3976.83,21.04,53.214.05kg/(hm2·a)。COD,TP,NO-3—NNO-2—N48.9%,73.5%,58.7%54.7%,CODTP。,NO-3—N。NO-3—N,,33。。:;;;:A　　　　　　:1000-288X(2010)05-0118-04　:X703.1ApplicationofMulti-SurfaceFlowConstructedWetlandtoRuralNon-pointSourcePollutionControlinPoyangLakeRegionWANJin-bao1,LANXin-yi1,TANAi-ping1,2(1.SchoolofEnvironmentandChemicalEngineering,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang,Jiangxi330031,China;2.SchoolofEnvironmentandChemicalEngineering,NanchangUniversityofAeronautics,Nanchang,Jiangxi330031,China)Abstract:Byconstructingmulti-surfaceflowwetland,theeffectsofwetlandsystemwereexaminedandthecontrolofruralnon-pointsourcepollutionaroundPoyangLakewasdiscussed.ResultsshowedthatthetotalreductionsofCOD,TP,NO-3—N,andNO-2—Ninthewetlandsystemwere608.46,3.22,8.14,and0.62kg/aandthereductionsofCOD,TP,NO-3—N,andNO-2—Nperhectarewere3976.83,21.04,53.21,and4.05kg/(hm2·a),respectively.TheremovalratesofCOD,TP,NO-3—N,andNO-2—Ninthewetlandsystemwere48.9%,73.5%,58.7%,and54.7%,respectively,andtheCODandTPremovalmainlyoc-curredinthefirstreedwetland.Becausetheconstructedwetlandhadastrongfunctionofrecoveringoxygen,denitrificationofNO-3—Nwaslimited.InordertoenhanceNO-3—Nremovalrate,wediscussedthemecha-nismsofnitrificationanddenitrificationinwetlandsystemandputforwardtheeffectivemeasurethatpartofthewastewaterdraineddirectlyintotheendofthreewetlandsandtheendofthreewetlandschangedintosubsurfaceflowwetland.Inshort,thewetlandsystemnotonlyprovidedatechnicalfoundationforthecon-trolofruralnon-pointsourcepollutionaroundPoyangLake,butalsoaffordedademonstrationforotherlakefronts.Keywords:PoyangLake;multi-surfaceflowconstructedwetland;verticalwetland;ruralnon-pointsourcepollu-tion　　,、、、、5,、、。、、,,,,[1],。(constructedwetland),[2]。,,,[3]。。,。,。1　材料与方法1.1　,,1km,115°48′,29°8′,1437.1mm,15℃～18℃,14.5℃,729.2℃。,2hm2,1392m2。、、、,。。1.2　100m3/d,:COD26.5～49.7mg/L,TP0.08～0.16mg/L,NO-3—N0.13～0.73mg/L,NO-2—N0.02～0.04mg/L。、、,,。1.3　,,,。,3,3。,910,,。3、、(、、20/m2),(4/m2)。1。1　/m2/m/(m3·m-2·d-1)12300.4322660.40.3834840.215501.20.18　　:。　　、、、、,3。1。1　1.4　。:COD;TP;;。COD0.1mg/L,0.01mg/L。2　结果与分析20095,2,20097—115。2.1　52。,。、、,、,。COD107,3TP,NO-3—NNO-2—N10—1123。10—1123,,3。。。、、9。,2,。1195　　　　　　:2　2.2　CODTP48.9%73.5%,[4](COD52.4%,TP68.8%)。NO-3—NNO-2—N58.7%54.7%,[5]。1、2、33。。,。[6],。1,。1COD,COD。3　　　:、。。,。[7],。1TP,,,。3120　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　30TP,[8]。,[9]。3NO-3—NNO-2—N223。NO-3—N,N2N2O。3,DO,。NO-2—NNO-3—N。NO-3—N,23NO-3—NNO-2—N。2.3　2.3.1　污染物消减量　COD608.46,TP3.22,NO-3—N8.14,NO-2—N0.62kg/a,COD3976.83,TP21.04,NO-3—N53.21,NO-2—N4.05kg/(hm2·a),。2.3.2　工程处理成本　9.27(、、),927/m3。,(10/d,1)3650,0.1/m3。。3　讨论NO-3—NNO-2—N4。NH+4-N()。NO-3—NNH+4-N22(12)。NO-2—N。NO-3—N,[9-13]。Santee[10],60%～86%。　　NH+4+1.5O2※NO-2+2H++H2O(1)　　NO-2+0.5O2※NO-3,(2)　　NH+4+2O2※NO-3+2H++H2O2mg/L。,,NO-2NH+44～5,,NO-2[9,11-13]。NO-2,。,。()。:6(CH2O)+4NO-3※6CO2+2N2+6H2O,4(CH2O)+4NO-3※4HCO-3+2N2O+2H2O(Eh=-350～100mV)[9,11-13]。4　NO-3—NNO-2—N　:①;②;③、5,2384～279mV,3.6～8.6mg/L。23,。,。NO-3—N,,3。3,。,3。,、,。4　结论(1),、,,COD48.9%,TP73.5%,NO-3—N58.7%NO-2—N54.7%,。(2),CODTP1。NO-3—N,33。(3)、、、,。(下转第146页)1215　　　　　　:8～15.6cm,8.3～14.3cm,0.3～1.1,,,;,60%,30d,,,。3　(3),。[][1]　,,,.[J].,2002,15(3):19-22.[2]　,,.[J].,2007,21(5):758-761.[3]　HenslerK.LKenef-basedfibermatasasubstrateforestablishingsoillesssod[J].HortTechnology,1998,8(2):171-175.[4]　ShbataM,HayakawaI.Artificalsoilandconstructionofbedsoilforputtinggreenusingartificialsoil[J].UnitedStatesPatent,1989,3(4):812,339.[5]　,,,.[J].,2008,24(8):295-299.[6]　.[J].,1996,5(3):24-25.[7]　,.[J].,2005,21(10):269-271.[8]　ShannenFerry,RonAdams,DanJacques,eta1.Soil-lessmedia:Practicesmakeprofit[J].GreenhouseGrow-er,1998(9):78-81.[9]　.[M].:,2008:264-271.[10]　,.“”[S].,2002(3):18-19.[11]　,,,.[J].,2002,23(3):65-66.[12]　,,.[M].,2001:118-121.[13]　.[M].:,1994:60-73.　　(上接第121页)[][1]　.[J].,2009,37(3):1292-1293.[2]　ScholzM,XuJ.Performancecomparisonofexperimen-talconstructedwetlandswithdifferentfiltermediaandmacrophytestreatingindustrialwastewatercontamina-tedwithleadandcopper[J].BioresourceTechnology,2002,83:71-79.[3]　SrinivasanN,WeaverRW,LesikarBJ,etal.Im-provementofdomesticwastewaterqualitybysubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlands[J].BioresourceTechnolo-gy,2000,75(1):19-25.[4]　,,,.[J].,2004,23(5):998-1002.[5]　,,,.—[J].,2006,25(3):265-269.[6]　,,,.COD、[J].,2004,15(12):2337-2341.[7]　,,.[J].,2007,16(5):1372-1375.[8]　,,.[J].,2008,30(2):33-36.[9]　,,.[J].,2006,26(8):2670-2677.[10]　USEPA.Designmanualofconstructedwetlandsandaquaticplantsystemsformunicipalwastewatertreat-ment[S].1988,EPA625/1-88/022:23-25.[11]　,.[M].:,1991.[12]　HorneAJ.Nitrogenremovalfromwastetreatmentpondoractivatedsludgeplanteffluentswithfree-sur-facewetlands[J].WaterScienceTechnology,1995,31(12):341-351.[13]　Fleming-SingerMS,HorneAJ.Enhancednitratere-movalefficiencyinwetlandmicrocosmsusinganepisedimentlayerfordenitrification[J].EnvironmentScienceT