福建农村垃圾和污水治理的现状与对策陈国忠

20097267JEnvironHealth,July2009,Vol．26,No．71001-5914（2009）07-0606-03、。20069—1221(、)21510。40837.4t/32.2%67.8%。23.7%(、、)8.5%30.7%(、、)37.1%。948195t57.5%42.5%。0.6%33.0%。、()。R123.9AStudyonCurrentStatusofGarbageandWasteWaterTreatmentinRuralAreasofFujianandtheCountermeasuresCHENGuo-zhong,WANGKai.FujianCenterforDiseaseControlandPreventionFuzhouFujian350001ChinaAbstractObjectiveTounderstandthecurrentstatusofoverallmanagementandtreatmentofgarbageandwastewaterinruralareasofFujianandtoprovidescientificevidenceforgovernmentsatalllevelstomakepoliciesinruralsanitation.MethodsFromSeptembertoDecember2006215villagesin21countiesinFujianruralareaswereselectedand10familiesweresampledandinvestigatedforgarbagecollectionandwastewatertreatmentfromeachvillage.ResultsIntheinvestigatedvillagestheproductionofgarbageamountedto40837.4tonspermonthanddomesticandproductivegarbageaccountedfor32.2%and67.8%ofthetotalrespectively.Amongthedomesticgarbage23.7%wasrandomlydischargedorstackedandonly8.5%wentthroughharmlesstreatment(incinerationcompostingunderhightemperatureordirectreuse).However30.7%productivegarbagewasrandomlydischargedorstackedand37.1%wentthroughharmlesstreatment.Everymonth948195tonsofwastewaterwasproducedintheinvestigatedvillages57.5%ofthemweredomesticand42.5%wereproductive.Only0.6%ofthedomesticwastewaterand33.0%oftheproductivewastewaterweretreated.ConclusionTheruralpublichealthinfrastructurebuildingisfarlaggedwithlowrateofharmlesstreatmentofgarbageandwastewater.Randomlitteringandpiling(discharging)garbagearecommonphenomenainruralareas.Thusitisurgenttoimproveruralsanitationdevelopment.Keywords:RuralareasSanitationGarbageandwastewatertreatment(350001)(1954-)。“”。、、。20069—1221、。11.121(、)5()()2、、()22.3%24.2%53.5%。10。1.220069—12(、)CDC。22.1215152173602053280043957.3/、、、67.8%12.6%14.5%5.1%。54.9%50.2%53.5%。2.2200621、、1。121540837.4t/32.2%67.8%。2.2.113113.5t0.73kg/d98.9%0.8%0.3%。9.5%22.7%(、、、14.2%6.3%1.3%0.9%)。2.2.227723.9t75.0%14.0%10.0%1.0%。5.1%62.7%(、、、25.6%5.1%2.4%29.6%)。【】606··DOI:10.16241/j.cnki.1001-5914.2009.07.00520097267JEnvironHealth,July2009,Vol．26,No．72.3215948195t57.5%42.5%。2.3.12544894.84t30.2kg/d98.8%1.2%。、、、26.7%37.4%21.9%14.0%、、、、62.3%18.8%10.8%0.6%7.5%。53.32.187.47.31.510.121.54.416.62.311.926.420.815.118.040.212.042.544.99.52.227.32.328.07.53.411.60.520.111.327.731.316.415.62.254.46.31.91.70.28.41.944.91.25.30.30.61.51.39.311.81.823.942.02.50.28.712.214.54.37.83.17.75.11.40.71.64.30.27.91.70.810.72.52.80.28.32.41200621、、722.5243.0408.91346.6880.213262.81794.4631.61517.7241.0721.09262.5622.9957.4880.7827.4912.51917.5433.7476.359.040837.431.837.28.764.316.12.87.462.126.647.849.82.07.03.34.018.034.844.136.414.40.714.20.19.50.83.46.42.10.90.728.03.912.73.60.511.19.110.23.63.95.16.558.811.532.90.56.54.18.340.64.26.31.08.11.034.67.125.66.314.27.950.22.78.71.50.142.542.815.918.916.822.82.61.413.929.6t/%%2200621、643.06750.031505.553990.032141.847815.436213.058.730696.01460.319784.042899.012697.621149.417077.445460.521668.049352.014896.021803.336834.0544894.816.53.066.713.514.447.125.29.732.253.712.438.267.815.035.96.512.415.452.626.746.24.423.027.465.955.618.739.09.180.231.130.428.138.322.829.111.892.832.576.812.837.424.123.02.870.920.611.832.122.936.34.619.812.333.721.36.813.339.139.97.15.921.913.269.67.51.718.22.112.944.915.216.93.625.82.22.642.613.20.715.20.728.714.080.645.925.990.278.278.778.338.771.062.948.940.835.245.042.660.363.493.539.997.65.662.311.532.668.29.814.68.953.924.237.133.935.15.429.026.116.23.69.630.818.87.921.51.76.26.612.72.64.115.923.857.823.429.17.20.72.950.52.45.810.84.81.31.66.60.64.215.60.10.10.70.32.62.29.735.957.87.5t/%%607··20097267JEnvironHealth,July2009,Vol．26,No．72.3.23403300.2t78.4%19.4%2.2%。、、、10.7%33.2%43.2%12.9%、、、45.5%14.7%1.9%33.0%4.9%。。3200619、118.03300.016830.01400.0210787.016160.027.88094.0202.811010.078225.08668.015318.515236.313580.0560.01920.01480.0382.8403300.278.63.46.927.469.318.215.710.779.00.53.410.729.723.521.424.257.98.812.399.172.044.320.87.420.35.096.633.232.230.314.472.426.92.47.40.90.19.70.710.00.130.243.238.169.762.18.361.411.081.72.699.335.00.161.9100.079.791.63.412.987.384.897.228.640.399.872.382.855.4100.019.11.081.169.230.253.197.388.245.58.515.25.00.16.816.144.652.812.523.10.52.714.74.20.60.11.05.65.67.60.35.21.954.120.998.368.5100.046.933.02.871.40.122.50.70.80.10.56.64.9t/%%3。。44%41%()、、、。。0.6%33%、、。、1、、、。。、。2、、。3、、、。4。5、。、。、。2008-12-252009-03-10608··