复合垂直流人工湿地脲酶和磷酸酶活性与黑臭河水净化效果英文崔伟

ActivitiesofUreaseandPhosphataseinIntegratedVerticalFlowConstructedWetlandandPurificationEffectofBlackandMalodorousRiverCUIWei1,ZHANGYong2,HUANGMin-sheng1＊1.SchoolofResourceandEnvironmentalSciences,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062;2.SchoolofEnvironmentalandEner-gyEngineering,AnhuiUniversityofArchitecture,Hefei230022Abstract　[Objective]Theactivitiesofureaseandphosphataseinintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandandpurificationeffectofblackandmalodorousriverwerestudied.[Method]Honeycombstoneandsoftfillerwereusedasmatrix,thebiologicalgridintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandsystemwasbuilttostrengthentreatmentforblackandmalodorousriver,andtheactivitiesofureaseandphosphataseoftwofillersindifferentfunctionalareasofconstructedwetlandweretestedtostudythefilmformationpropertyoftwofillersindifferentfunctionalareas.[Result]Bothureaseandphosphataseactivitiesonbiofilmofsoftfillerweresignificantlyhigherthanonbiofilmofhoneycombstonefiller;indica-tingthatchoosingsoftfillerwasmoreadvantageoustothegrowthofbiofilm;andureaseactivityhadsignificantcorrelationwithtotalnitrogenre-movalrate,whilephosphataseactivityhadnosignificantcorrelationwithtotalphosphorusremovalrate.[Conclusion]Thisstudyprovidedevi-dencesforutilizingtheactivitiesofureaseandphosphatasetoevaluatethepurificationeffectofblackandmalodorousriverandchooseappropri-atefiller.Keywords　Integratedverticalflowconstructedwetland;Urease;Phosphatase;Blackandmalodorousriver;PurificationeffectReceived:February8,2011　　Accepted:July25,2011SupportedbyNationalMajorScienceandTechnologyProjects(2009ZX07317-006)NationalMajorScienceandTechnologyPro-jects(2009ZX07317-009).＊Correspondingauthor.E-mail:[e-mail]　　TheenvironmentalqualityofurbanriverinChinahassharplydeclinedinthepast20years,thewaterqualityofthevastmajorityofriverbelongtopoorClassV,andthephe-nomenonofblack-odorriversisincreasinglygrowing[1].Itnotonlyimpedesthesustainabledevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,butalsoseriouslyaffectsthehealthandlivesofresi-dentsalongtherivers[2].Black-odorurbanriversistheresultsofimbalancebetweenoxygensupplyandoxygenconsumptioninwatercausedbyexcessivepollutant,thepollutantsinwaterunderoxygendeficientoranaerobicconditionswilltransformandproducemalodoroussubstancessuchasammonianitro-gen,hydrogensulfideandvolatileorganicacids,andtheblacksubstancessuchasiron,manganesesulfides[3].Wetlandconstructionisawayofsewagetreatmentpros-perouslyrisenin1970s.Becauseoflowcostinconstruction,operationanddailymanagement,stabletreatmentefficiencyandwiderangeofapplications,ithasreceivedmoreandmoreattentionaroundtheworld[4-5].Thesewageverticallyflowfromthewetlandsurfacetothebottomofpackedbed,sothebedofverticalflowconstructedwetlandisnotsaturated,O2canenterintowetlandsystemthroughairspreadandplanttransport.Therefore,itcanbeusedtohandlethewaterwithhighcontentsofammonianitrogen,butitsremovalcapabilitytoorganicmatterisnotasgoodashorizontalsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandsystem,thedrying/floodingtimeislong,thecontrolisrelativelycomplexandconstructiondemandingishigh.Accordingtotheinsufficienttreatmentcapacityoftradi-tionalverticalflowconstructedwetland,theefficiencyisim-provedthroughstrengtheninginfluentpre-treatmenttochangehydrauliccharacteristics,selectingtheappropriatefillerandtheintroductionofanumberofconventionalsewagetreatmenttechnology,andabatchofintegratedprocesseshasap-peared.Biologicalgridisanovelpollutionpurificationtechnol-ogycombiningbiomembranetechnologyandaquaticplantres-torationtechniquetoexpandthesurfaceareaofbiologicalat-tachments,whichhastheeconomic,practical,landscapeandecologicalcharacteristics[6].Thecorehardwareofbiologicalgridisrigidframeandfiller,anditsmaineffectistoprovideattachinggrowthconditionforfunctionalbacteria,phytoplank-ton,protozoaandmicro-metazoanparticipatedinpollutantpurification,thusformingtheeco-systemwithbio-rationalstructureandpowerfuldegradationfunctionofpollutants[7].Thesoilenzymesandmicroorganismsinwetlandpro-motethetransformationofmaterial,ureaseandphosphataseamongsoilenzymesplayaveryimportantroleinmaterialtransformationprocess.Ureaseandphosphatasearethekeyenzymesduringtheconversionprocessofnitrogenandphos-phorusinwater,theiractivityistakenasanindexreflectingtheactivityoforganismsandtransformationefficacyofrele-vantpollutantsinwater,andwidelyusedinthevariousfields.Theresearchaboutmatrixenzymeinartificialwetlandisstillrareathomeandabroad,butsomestudieshavefoundthatwetlandmatrixenzymeplaysanimportantroleduringsewagepurificationprocessofartificialwetlands[8].Withhoneycombstoneandsoftfillerasmatrix,theauthorbuiltbiologicalgridintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandsystemtostrengthentreatmentforblackandmalodorousriver,usedaerobic-hypoxic-anaerobic-hypoxicredoxenvironmentofinte-gratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandandcombinedwithgoodadsorptioncapacityofhoneycombstonetodeepentheremovaleffortofnitrogenandphosphorus;theactivitiesofu-reaseandphosphataseof2fillersindifferentfunctionalareasofconstructedwetlandweretestedtostudythefilmformationpropertyof2fillersindifferentfunc