复合式膜生物反应器的小区污水回用试验研究常颖

35　220032　　　　　　　　　JOURNALOFHARBININSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY　Vol.35No.2Feb.,2003　　　　　　常　颖1,王宝贞1,高　欣2(1.,150090;2.,130021)　:采用复合式膜生物反应器(HMBR)工艺进行了小区污水处理和回用的试验研究.工艺设计的特点为通过曝气对水流的循环作用实现膜表面截留的污泥与硝化液的自动回流,简化A/O系统的运行.该工艺环境影响因素的分析表明系统温度为25℃左右、进水pH值为6.1～7.0、DO为1.0～1.5mg/L时,HMBR能够有效地去除水中的COD、BOD5、NH4+-N和TN,平均去除率分别为94.5%、99.3%、99.4%和84.7%,并且膜出水中检测不出SS和大肠菌群,浊度2NTU.出水满足CJ25.1-89《生活杂用水水质标准》,经消毒后可用于小区绿化、冲厕、扫除、洗车等场合.:污水回用;复合式膜生物反应器(HMBR);脱氮:X703.1:A:0367-6234(2003)02-0152-05HMBRforreclamationwastewaterfromlivingquartersCHANGYing1,WANGBao-zhen1,GAOXin2(1.SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150090,China;2.ChinaNortheastMunicipalEngineeringDesignandResearchInstitute,Changchun130021,China)Abstract:Thereclamationofwastewaterfromlivingquartersbyhybridmembranebio-reactor(HMBR)processwhichautomaticallyrecyclessludgeandnitratebyaerationinthesubmergedbiofilmunitwasstud-iedbyanalysingthecircumstanceinfluencefactors.Itwasthereforefoundedthatundertheconditionsofabout25℃,pH6.1～7.0andDO1.0～1.5mg/L,COD,BOD5,NH4+-NandTNwereremovedefficientlybyHMBRandtheaverageremovalefficiencieswere94.5%,99.3%,99.4%and84.7%,respectively.BothSSandcoliformswerebelowthedetectionlimitsinthepermeateofmembrane,andtheturbiditywaslessthan2NTU.ThetreatmenteffluentmeetstheMiscellaneousDomesticWaterQualityStandard(CJ25.1-89),andcanbeusedforwateringgreenbeltsandtoiletflushingafterdisinfection.Keywords:wastewaterreclamation;hybridmembranebio-reactor(HMBR);nitrogenremoval:2002-05-27.:95(96-909-01).:　(1976-),,;(1932-),,,.　　.,,,、、,.(MBR).,MBR、、、、、[1,2].,MBR[3],.,HMBR.1　HMBR小试装置-,1,.Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ.,,NOx-N.Ⅰ、Ⅱ16L,,30%.,2m2,0.1μm,0.5m..,.4L/h,2L/(m2·h).Ⅲ30min,0.018～0.024m3/h.,.　　(),.,,[4].,,、、、NH4Cl、NaH2PO4、KH2PO4、Na2CO3、NaHCO3、,m(BOD5)∶m(N)∶m(P)=100∶5∶1.1.“”.1　Table1　WaterqualityofinfluentCODmg·L-1BOD5mg·L-1SSmg·L-1NH4+-Nmg·L-1NO2--Nmg·L-1NO3--Nmg·L-1TNmg·L-1TPmg·L-1NTUpH129～54458～20765～25013～330.040.0521～441～338～1606.1～7.02　环境影响因素分析,(、pH、DO)HMBR.4200mg/L,1000mg/L;4900mg/L,,.2.1　,、2.COD、NH4+-NTN3～5,pH6.1～7.0,DO1.0～2.0mg/L.16～17℃.19d,24～26℃,19～20℃,;21d,25℃,18～20℃.3,COD.10d,COD70%,HMBRCOD80%.,COD;,COD80%,HMBRCOD90%.COD,()COD,30mg/L.,,.·153·2　,:　　45,NH4+-NTN.(16～17℃),NH4+-NTN50%.,NH4+-NTN20%,70%;,NH4+-N,99%,NH4+-N;TN80%,90%,.,.,(20～30℃).(1000m3/d),,.2.2　pH　　,25℃、DO1.0～2.0mg/L,、pH,6.6,pH6.1～7.0,HMBRpH7～8.pH,pHpH.·154·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　35　　　[5],pHBOD5.,BOD5,1mgBOD50.3mg.,pH.　　,,,,.BOD5,pH;:(1),;(2),CO2,CO2+H2OHCO3-+H+;(3)(),,.2.3　25℃,pH6.1～7.0,DOCOD、NH4+-NTN,DO.7.7,:DO0.5～1.0mg/L,COD70%,NH4+-NTN85%;DO1.0mg/L,NH4+-N95%,NH4+-N;DO1.0～1.5mg/L,CODTN80%;DO1.5～2.0mg/L,COD85%;TN75%;DO2.0mg/L,COD,TN60%.,,COD、NH4+-NTN,.,DO,COD,TN.DO1.0～2.0mg/L,NH4+-N.,DO1.0～1.5mg/L,、NH4+-NTN.,,.,,,,,.(),.:5cm,NO2-、NO3-,TNTN65%,,NOx-N.,,,.,,.3　HMBR的处理效果25℃,pH6.1～7.0,DO1.0～1.5mg/L,0.04～0.05m3/h,HMBR:COD16.46mg/L(27.32～7.87mg/L)、BOD50.70mg/L(1.38～0.28mg/L)、NH4+-N0.11mg/L(0.33～0mg/L)、TN6.76mg/L(8.38～3.79mg/L);94.5%、99.3%、99.4%84.7%,SS,2NTU.,,,、、、.HMBR·155·2　,:CJ25.1-89《》2.2　HMBRTable2　WaterqualitycomparisonbetweenHMBReffluentandMiscellaneousDomesticWaterCODmg·L-1BOD5mg·L-1NH4+-Nmg·L-1SSmg·L-1NTU·L-1pH、≤50≤10≤20≤10≤10≤36.5～9.0、≤50≤10≤10≤5≤5≤36.5～9.0HMBR302127～8　　HMBR.(Acinetobacter)H3PO4,ATP,(),.,,TP(,20%);,TP,,TP.,,.(5),67cm112cm,45cm,4.5kPa,.,,;,.4　污泥的排放问题MBR,.SRT,,,;,(SMP,SolubleMetabolicProducts),[6].,MBR,,.HMBRMBR.1/10～1/5[7].、、(、),,.5,,,HMBR.5　结论(1)HMBR、pH、DO.(2)HMBR,,A/O,,,.(3)HMBR,,,.参考文献:[1]YASUTOSHIS,YU-ICHIO,KATSUSHIU,etal.Fil-trationcharacteristicsofhollowfibermicrofiltrationmembranesusedinmembranebioreactorfordomesticwastewatertreat-ment[J].WatRes,1998,30(10):23-27.[2]GUNDERP.Replacementofsecondaryclarificationbymembraneseparationresultswithplateandhollowfibermodules[J].WatSciTech,1998,38(4/5):383-393.[3]　,.[J].,2002,28(3):105-107.[4]　.CASS[J].,2001,27(7):64-66.[5].[D].:,1999.[6],,,.SRT[J].,2000,16(7):16-18.[7]WANGBZ.Astudyonsimultaneousorganicandnitro-genremovalbyextendedaerationsubmergedbiofilmpro-cess[J].WatSciTech,1991,24(5):197-214.(　刘　彤)·156·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　35