富营养化发生机理及水华暴发研究进展牛晓君

2532006　6　　四　川　环　境SICHUANENVIRONMENT　　Vol.25,No.3June　2006·　　·:2005-12-26:(:20177007),(:05300186),(:E5050730):(1973-),,,2003,,。,。牛晓君(,　510640)　　:概述了目前富营养发生的机理和水华暴发机制的最新研究方向。从营养物质的循环、水体热分层、水化学平衡方面论述和总结了富营养发生机理的研究现状;从氮磷比、其它营养元素限制、沉积物营养物质的循环等方面对水华暴发机制作用的研究进行了展望。本文对富营养化发生机理及水华暴发研究领域现状和未来的研究方向有一定的借鉴作用。　　:;;;:X524　　　　:A　　　　:1001-3644(2006)03-0073-04ResearchProgressofEutrophicationMechanismandBreakoutofWaterBloomNIUXiao-jun(SchoolofEnvironmentalScience&Engineering,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510640,China)Abstract:Outlinethenewestresearchorientationofeutrophicationmechanismandbreakoutofwaterbloom.Fromthenutrientscirculation,thewaterbodyheatlamination,thehydrochemistrybalanceetc.,elaboratesandsummarizestheresearchsituationoftheeutrophicationmechanism;forecasttheresearchonthemechanismofbreakoutofwaterbloomfromtheratioofnitrogentophosphorus,othernutritiveelementslimit,andcirculationofnutrientsinsediment.Keywords:Eutrophication;mechanism;breakoutofwaterbloom;researchprogress　　。20,、。、[1～6]。,。,。。,[7～9],。。1　富营养化发生机理()。、,、。,,(),,。1.1　Jorgensen[10]。、,。DOI:10.14034/j.cnki.schj.2006.03.017,Stumn“”C106H263O110N16P。,(Leibiglawoftheminimum):。,。:,;,,[11]。,(、),,[12]。,,,。,,,,。1.2　,,,,,。、,。,,,。,,。,。1.3　pH、[13]。pH,pH6.8～8.36.9～8.9。pH,pH,。,,。CO2,、,,。2　水华暴发机制研究。,,。、、,、。,。,[15],:2.1　Stumn“”:C106H263O110N16P。:16∶1,7.2∶1。,,;,。,NO-3、NH+4PO3-4,“”。,10,[15],。,。EPA0.025mg/L0.05mg/L,,29∶1;,[14]。,10∶1～25∶1,、。,12∶1～13∶1,[11]。2.2　,:、,,[14]。:2080,Martinetal.[17],74　　　　四川环境25,,()。()。,10[17]。,,。:0.1～1.0mg/L,[18]。,,。:,[16]。:。1960GoldmanCaliforniaCastleLake[19],,。2.3　,、。,,,,。,,、,,。,(SRP),,Fe3(PO4)2※Fe2++SRP,。:,,C-P,,,。826ng/kg335ng/kg,Hudson[20]。,[21],6～7,、。、[22,23]。,,、。,,“”?,,?[21]:,,。,:(Microcystisaeruginosa),,[24]。、。、,,、、、,,、、。3　结　论,。、、。:[1]　,.[J].,2002,11(6):575-578.[2]　.[A].[C].,2000.215-223.[3]　.[J].,1997,12(3):61-65.[4]　UNEP.　.[J].,1994,42(1):23-26.[5]　.“”[N].,2001-11-19(2).[6]　,,.753:[J].,1991,14(3):18-25.[7]　.[J].,1997,9(2):97-104.[8]　RydingS-O,.RastW[M].:,1992.1-265.[9]　PhilipsG,BramwellA,PittJ,etal.Practicalapplicationof25yearsresearchintothemanagementofshallowlakes[J].hydro-biologia,1999,395/396:61-76.[10]　Jorgensen.Applicationofecologyinenvironmentalmanagement[M].BocaRaton,FL,USA:CRCPress,1983.[11]　　,.[J].,2001,21(2):15-19,24.[12]　,.[M].:,1988.[13]　,,,,.pH[J].,2006,25(1):20-22,41.[14]　.[J].,2002,24(2):63-68.[15]　,,,.[M].:,1999.313-317.[16]　HomeAJ,GoldmanCR.limnology(senondedition)[M].NewYork:Mc-CrawHill,Inc.1994.[17]　MartinJH,etal.Irondeficiencylimitsphytoplanktongrowthinantarcticwaters[J].GlobalbiagechemCycle,1990(4):5-12.[18]　MortonSD,LeeTH.Algaeblooms:possibleeffectsofiron[J].EnvironmentalScienceandTechnology,1974,8(7):673-674.[19]　GoldmanCR.Molybdenumasafactorlimitingprimaryproduc-tivityCastleLake[J].CaloforniaScience,1990,132:1016-1017.[20]　HudsonJJ,TaylorWDY,SchindlerDW.Phosphateconcen-trationsinlakes[J].Nature,2000,406:54-56.[21]　,,.PH3[J].,2004,24(2):255-259.[22]　,.:[J].,2002,47(20):1596-1599.[23]　,.-[J].,2002,33(5):562-568.[24]　,,,,　,　,DietmarGlindemann.(Microcystisaeruginosa)[J].,2003,15(3):263-268.(上接第66页)。,[11,16],。,,,[18]。。3.4　,、、。。,,,。,,。4　结　语4.1　、,。,:、BOD205、Cl-,V;。4.2　。4.3　,。:[1]　　,,　.[J].,2005,24(2):71-75.[2]　,　.[J].,2005,24(2):39-43.[3]　,,.[J].,1999,32(6):88-92.[4]　:(1997)[M].:,1998,17-30.[5]　:[M].:,1998,24-28.[6]　:[M].:,1997,48-53.[7]　:[M].:,1996,50-54.[8]　《》:[M].:,2002.[9]　,,,.-[J].,2004,23(6):4-6.[10]　MartinRJ,KellerHC,ClarkeAR,eta1.Long-termperfor-mancesummaryforthebootwetlandtreatmentsystem[J].Wa-terScienceandTechnology,2001,44(11～12):413-420.[11]　,,,.[J].,2003,19(9):12-15.[12]　USEPA.Guidingprinciplesforconstructedtreatmentwetlands:providingforwaterqualityandwildlifehabit[M].WashingtonDC:USEPA,OfficeofWetlands,OceansandWatershed,2000.[13]　.[J].,2004,20(3):44-46.[14]　　,.[J].,2004,17(2):32-35.[15]　,,　,.[J].,2003,16(6):275-276.[16]　,,,.[J].,2004,20(9):17-20.[17]　,·,　,.[J].,2005,26(1):76-79.[18]　,,,.[J].,2004,16(1):91-96.76　　　　四川环境25