高效微生物菌群降解含机油废水研究张士萍

＊张士萍　郑广宏　王　磊(,,200092)　从受石油污染土壤中筛选及驯化得到以机油为唯一碳源进行生长代谢的混合菌种。该混合菌种对高浓度含机油废水具有较强的降解能力,初始含油约2gL的人工废水,接种量为0.1%,经过7d的降解,可降至420mgL,其去除率达到80%。与甘油共基质的降解实验结果表明,经过7d的降解,当甘油浓度高于100mgL时,混合菌种的除油率则受到抑制。在高盐度实验条件下,当海藻晶盐浓度高于1.0gL时,对混合菌种的生长产生抑制作用。　混合菌种　含油废水　生物降解　　　　　　　　＊(06DZ12302);(2006BAC01A13-4)。0　,,,[1]。、。,[2-3]。,,、3。、,、、、、、,,。,,,,、、,,[4]。。。,。,。,,,。1　1.1　实验材料1.1.1　,2cm15,。1.1.2　:5gL,10gL,NaCl5gL,,NaOHpH7.0。2%。:2gL,2%。1.1.3　,,。:NaNO30.1gL,KH2PO40.5gL,CaCl20.03gL,NH4Cl1gL,MgSO40.1gL,(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O(),pH7.0,2gL。1.1.4　1。1　(mm2·s-1)(g·mL-1)℃℃%%17～240.821≤-15≥170≤0.005≤0.0011.2　实验1.2.1　10g100mL30min,,58　　　20084262DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2008.02.019,32℃24h,,,2,,72。7224h,,(4000rmin,4℃15min),1、1.5、2.0gL,32℃,190rmin,1,,,,35d。。1.2.2　,0.1g400mL,32℃,190rmin,。2　2.1　高效菌种对含机油人工废水的降解,。,,。0.1%(gL),24h(32℃,190rmin),2gL,。,pH。1。1　,2100mgL,7d,420mgL,80%。2d,,2d,,,7。,,3d。pH,3d,pH,pH6.0～8.0,pH24h4.63,。,,,。2pH(OD600)。2　OD600pH2,7d,pH,。,,pH;,H2OCO2,,pH。pH,H2OCO2,。,pH,pH5.5,,,,pH。OD6006d,,1。,,,,,,,,7,,OD600。59　　　200842622.2　甘油共代谢条件下的机油降解实验,2000mgL,pH7.0,0、100、300mgL,32℃,190rmin,。3。3　　3,,7d,100mgL,300mgL,。300mgL2000mgL,7d,38%。437d。4,2d,,,。7d,,,,300mgL,,。4　　34,,,。,,。,,,,。,,,,,,,。2.3　高盐度条件下的机油降解实验2000mgL(3.5gL),0、1.0、2.0、3.5gL,0.1%,,,5。5　　5,72h,。1.0gL,,1.0gL,,。,;,,。,,。,,3,,,,。3　(1)2100mgL,7d,420mgL,80%。60　　　20084262　　(2),7d,100mgL2000mgL,,100mgL,,。(3)1.0gL,1.0gL,,。。[1]　ScholzW,FuchsW.Treatmentofcontaminatedwastewaterinamembranebioreactor.WasteResearch,2003,34(14):3621-3629[2]　,,,..,2001(1):6-8[3]　,,,..,2003(9):11-14[4]　,,..,2005,33(6):38-41　　200092　　　[phone]E-mail　[e-mail]2007-07-06＊谭　晓　于永鲜(,116085)　杨　庆　张金利　陆海军(,116085)　研究废茶枝叶中茶多酚对Cr(Ⅵ)在黏土介质中的吸附作用。探讨pH、反应时间、废茶枝叶投加量、反应温度等因素对反应的影响,确定最佳反应条件。简述了茶多酚、Cr(Ⅵ)和黏土之间相互作用的机理。结果表明:在含Cr(Ⅵ)的黏土中投加废茶枝叶时,黏土对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附能力明显增强,作用机理主要是在中性条件下茶多酚将Cr(Ⅵ)还原为Cr(Ⅲ),并与Cr(Ⅲ)形成配合物,该络合物与黏土颗粒有较强的结合能力,增强了黏土对铬的固定作用。　茶多酚　六价铬　黏土　配合作用　吸附　　　　　　　　＊(50679015)。0　,[1]。,(Cr(Ⅵ))、。,Cr(Ⅵ)Cr(Ⅵ),,。;。,Cr(Ⅵ),Cr(Ⅵ)。1　1.1　实验仪器与试剂(1):;pH;;721;。(2):,,100;()。,0.5～0.75mm,105℃3h。1.2　实验方法(1)Cr(Ⅵ),Cr(Ⅵ),Cr(Ⅵ)。(2)Cr(Ⅵ)[2]。1.3　实验步骤,250mL,61　　　20084262is80℃withasettlingtimeof3htheregenerationeffectisbest.Undertheseregenerationconditions,theusedoilbasicallyreachedthefreshoilstandard.Keywords　wastelubricatingoil,flocculant,activatedclayandregenerationANEWMETHODOFENERGYTRANSFORMATIONINSUPERCRITICALWATERINTERNAL-COMBUSTIONYiBaokui　MaChunyuan　LuShenqingetal(50)………………………………………………………Abstract　Supercriticalwaterthermaldecompositiontechnologyisanewtypeofenergy-efficienttreatmentoforganicwastes.It'sanewtypeofwastedisposalandrecyclingofenergy.Itisintroducedtheapplicationofthistechnologyinthefieldofenergyuse.Itisalsodiscussedthethermaldecompositionofbiomassandwastetiresinsupercriticalwater.Keywords　supercrilicalwater,organicwasteandthermaldecompositionENERGY-SAVINGOPTIMUMDESIGNANDAPPLICATIONOFWASTEWATERCYCLONESEPARATIONSYSTEMINFGDWangFangqun　YinMingyang　DuYunguietal(53)………………………Abstract　ThewastewatercycloneseparationsysteminFGDhasbeenoptimallydesigned.Twooptimizationschemeswereprovidedaccordingtowhetherthestaticpressureproducedbytheelevationdifferencebetweeentheoverflowofgypsumslurrycycloneseparatorandinletofwastewatercycloneseparatormeetstheneedofthesumofinletpressureofwastewatercycloneseparatorandheadlossinpipelines.Thebeneficialeffectoftheoptimumdesignissimplifyingdesign,decreasingequipmentcostsandoperatingcosts.Theoptimumdesignhasbeensuccessfullyappliedtomorethan10FGDprojects.Keywords　FGD,wastewatercycloneseparationsystem,energy-saving,optimumdesignandapplicationTHETREATINGCOSTANALYSISOFSEWAGETREATMENTPLANTYuanPeisheng(55)…………Abstract　Thispaperanalyzedanddiscussedtheconceptandcompositionofsewagetreatingcost.Ithasconfirmedcompositionofrunningcost,surveyedrunningcostandtreatingcostofasewagetreatmentplant(30000td).Themeasuresforreducingtreatingcostwereposed.Keywords　town,sewagetreatment,treatingcostandrunningcostRESEARCHONDEGRADATIONOFOILYWASTEWATERBYHIGHEFFICIENTMICROFLORAZhangShiping　ZhengGuanghong　WangLei(58)…………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Thebacteriathatcouldusecrudeoilascarbonsourcehavebeenscreenedfromtheoil-contaminatedsoil.Theycoulddegradehighconcentrationoilwastewatereffectively.Whenpreliminaryconcentrationis2gL,and10%bacteriaareinoculatedinthewastewater,theconcentrationisonly420mgLafter7d.Theefficiencyofdegradationcouldbe80%.Ifglycerinisenteredintheoilwastewaterandtheconcentrationismorethan100mgL,theefficiencyofdegradationisretrained.Intheconditionofhigh-salinity,iftheconcentrationofseaweedmixsaltismorethan1.0gL,thegrowthofbacteriaarerestrained.Keywords　bacteria,oilwastewaterandbiodegradationADSORPTIONOFHEXAVALENTCHROMIUMINCLAYBYTPTanXiao　YuYongxian　YangQingetal(61)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　InfluenceofTPonadsorptionofhexavalentchromiumintheclaywasinvestigated.Effectsofreactiontime,pH,concentrationsofTPandaddingamountwerestudied.ThereductionofCr(Ⅵ)wasexaminedwhiletheoptimumreactionconditionsweredetermined.TPcouldenhancetheadsorptionofCr(Ⅵ)becauseofthecomplexionreactionbetweenTPandCr(Ⅵ).ThereactionmechanismsofTPwithchromiu