高效纤维素分解菌在蔬菜花卉秸秆联合好氧堆肥中的应用

2,,3,,(,100084):,171(CellulomonasFlavigena),.,,015%,,55,318410911801010CFU/g;,1%,.,,23164%,(210cm)18128%.,,2,,.:;;:X705:A:025023301(2004)0220145205:2003204225;:2003206216:(K99205235202).:(1978),,,.3ApplicationofHigh2efficientCelluloseUtilizationMicroorganismsinCo2compostingofVegetableWastesandFlowerStalkHUANGDe2yang,LUWen2jing,WANGHong2tao,ZHOUHui2yu,WANGZhi2chao(Dept.ofEnviron.Sci.andEngneering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Aninoculationcomposing17speciesofcelluloseutilizationmicroorganismswasusedinco2compostingofvegetablewastesandflowerstalk,andtheefficiencyoftheinoculationonlignocellulosedegradationwasstudied.Theexperimentsresultshowthatatthebeginningofthefirststageofcomposting,inoculatingcelluloseutilizationmicroorganisminthesubstrateswith015%(V/V)canimprovethebiomassofthemicroorganismsintothesubstratesgreatlyandmakethemdominantones.Whenthetemperaturewascon2trolledas55,thebiomassofcelluloseutilizationmicroorganismscankeepbetween318410911801010CFU/g.Atthebe2ginningofthesecondstage,inoculatingwith1%(V/V)canimprovethetemperatureduringthisperiodeffectively.Monitoringofthecontentoflignocellulosesinthesubstrateshowsthattheinoculationofcelluloseutilizationmicroorganismcanacceleratethedegra2dationofcellulose.Thedegradationefficiencyofcelluloseunderinoculationconditionis23164%higherthanthosewithoutinocula2tion.Thisshowsthatinoculatingwithcelluloseutilizationmicroorganismsineachstageofthecompostingcangreatlydecomposethelignocelluloseinthesubstrates,acceleratetheco2compostingprocessandimprovethequalityofcompostingproduction.Keywords:co2composting;celluloseutilizationmicroorganisms;lignocelluloses,.,,,,60%[1].,40%,20%30%20%30%[2],[3],.,,[47],,,,,.,,[8].,25220043ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.25,No.2Mar.,2004,.11113,32.,1m1m2m,,,,,,,1.1Fig.1Diagramofexperimentequipments11217(CUMs)[9,10](CellulomonasFlavigena,111002).113,.48cm,6/4.114(1),3;10524h;10h.(2)10,50g450mL,3030min,10,.,:K2HPO40150g,MgSO40125g,1410g,210g,1188g,0108g,1000mL,pH710.(3)2cm,.(4)Vansoest[11].11531.1Table1Experimentconditionsfor3conditionalgroups10.5%1%5520.5%1%30m3/(hm3)3()0.5%1%30m3/(hm3)2211,,,.32,,016d,1645d.22Fig.2Temperaturechangesinpilesduringcompostingprocess2,1,,55,64125,,,,455.,,,,,30.23,,556d,2,7418,36812,.,,12,.,1204418453219,220421345d2619,30d.,,,.,55,.212,:,.34.,16.,,68%,.,,,.,,,.,().3Fig.3Moisturecontentinpilesduringcompostingprocess,3,82%55%60%.3,12,.,551,,61163%;,2,105418%.,2,,,,.4Fig.4Organicmattercontentchangesinpilesduringcompostingprocess213CUMs,,7412,.,,.,,,.CUMs5.,,55,1010CFU/g,();2,,31125108CFU/g2321671010CFU/g.,,55,.5CUMsFig.5BiomassofCUMschangesinpilesduringcompostingprocess214,,,.,,67.,,,1,14185%26d5102%,2,14185%7103%,3,26d8153%;,,,,,55,23164%,,1011%.,,,,,,.,,,,.26,312113%10193%,10176%11148%.,,,,.215,[8],841256Fig.6Cellulosecontentchangesinpilesduringcompostingprocess7Fig.7Lignincontentchangesinpilesduringcompostingprocess.23.2(2cm)Table2Siftingratio(2cm)andmoisturecontentofcompostingproduct123/kg225220156/kg126.6118.160.8/%56.2553.6738.96/kg55.555.567.0/kg31.531.527.1/%56.7056.7040.50/kg169.5144.589.0/kg95.175.933.6/%56.1052.5037.80/%75.3372.2557.0575.5974.0758.142,3,,12318128%15120%;,1217145%15193%.,,,,.32,,,,.,.,,,55.,,,.,,,,.:[1]TengerdyRP,SzakacsG.Bioconversionoflignocelluloseinsol2idsubstratefermentation[J].BiochemicalEngineering,2003,13(23):167179.[2]TuomelaM.VikmanM.HalakkaA.ItavaaraM.Biodegrada2tionoflignininacompostenvironment:areview[J].Biore2sourceTechnology,2000,72(2):169183.[3].(2)[M].:,1995.152154.[4]ReeseET.SiuRGH.LevinsonHS.TheBiologicalDegrada2tionofSolubleCelluloseDerivativesandItsRelationshiptotheMechanismofCelluloseHydrolysis[J].JournalofBacteriology,1950,59(5):485497.[5]WoodTM,MaccpacSI.Inbioconversionofcellulosesubstanceintoenergy[A].Chemicalsandmicrobialproteins,EditedbyT.K.GhoseGall,India:1978,111141.[6]BeguinP,AubertJP.Thebiologicaldegradationofcellulose[J].FEMSMicrobiol.Review,1994,13(3):2558.[7]MandelsMReese,etal.Fungalcellulasesandthemicrobialde2compositionofcellulosicfabric[J].JournalofIndustrialMicrobi2ology&Biotechnology,1999,22(45):225240.[8].[D].:,2002.[9],,,,.2[J].(),2003,39(2):254261.[10],,,.[J].(),2003,43(10):13471350.[11],.[J].,1987,13(2):8284.9412