高盐度废水处理研究进展雷云

32620076ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVol.32No.6June2007:2007-03-19:(1978-),,,,:。:1673-1212(2007)06-0094-05雷云,解庆林,李艳红(,541004)　:高盐度废水中由于含有大量的溶解性物质,无机盐类在微生物生长过程中起着促进酶反应、维持膜平衡和调节渗透压的重要作用,但盐浓度过高,离子强度大,会造成质壁分离、细胞失活,使一般微生物难以在其中生长、繁殖,所以传统的生物法难以处理高盐度废水。文章就高盐度废水的物理、化学及生物处理研究进行综述。重点针对生物法中的耐盐微生物的研究现状进行探讨,分别阐述了耐盐的机理研究及耐盐菌在高盐废水中的研究,并提出了其在高盐废水应用中的展望。:高盐度废水;耐盐微生物;处理:X703.1:ATheStudyontheTreatmentofHighSalinityWastewaterLeiYun,XieQinglin,LiYanhong(GuilinUniversityofTechnology,Guilin541004,China)Abstract:High-salinitywastewatercontainslargeamountofdissolvedmaterial,Theinorganicsaltsareplayingvitalroleoftheenzymekinetics,themaintenancemembranebalanceandtheadjustmentosmoticpressureinthemicroorganismgrowthprocess.Butthesalinityexcessivelyandionstrengtharehigh,leadingtoplasmdysisorlossofcellsactivity.Soitishardforgen-eralmicroorganismtogrow,andreproductioninit,thustradionalbiologicalmeansisnotsuitabletotreathigh-salinitywastewater.Thisarticlesummarizesthephysical,chemicalandbiologicaltreatmentofhighsalinitywastewater,andputemphasisonthestudyofsalt-tolerantmicroorganisminthebiologicaltreatment.andintroduceseparatelytheresearchprogressoftheirsalt-tolerancemechanismanddealedwithhighsaltywastewater.HalophilehavewideperspecticeandpracticabilityonthetreatmentofHigh-salinitywastewater.Keywords:high-salinitywastewater;halophilie;treatment　　,,1%,。(、、),Cl-、SO2-4、Na+、Ca+,,,。1　;、,。,,、、、、。1000m3。60m3。1936,60。,、、12,8.37m3。18m3。,、70、、、。、、、,。,。70%,100%,。、、、,,。·94·32620076·Vol.32No.6June2007,、、、、、,()。、、,。,,。2　,、、。,。,。2.1　、、,。,[1],(DSA)、,KN—R。1.13V、Na2SO40.1mol/L、NaCl0.5mol/L、KN—R0.1mmol/L、pH6.4、30℃,4h,100%,TOC。[2],,,COD94%,BOD90%。,,,。[3],、、,,,,0.015A/cm2,8.4V,90min,COD65%70%。,,Fe2+。[4]++50%,BOD/COD。,[5],,,,++。。[6]-:+ABR+SBR,,,。2.2　。、,,。,,1%。,、,。、。,。2.2.1　不同的生物反应器构筑物对高盐度废水的研究lawtonEggert。20g/l,BOD。E.V.Mills[7]NaCl6600mg/l。3:,NaCl6600mg/l;8h,5d,NaCl6600mg/l;8h5d,NaCl19800mg/l。,,。BOD10mg/l。Stewart,,BOD。R.YucelTokuz[8]NaC135g/l,。。B0D5mg/l,COD。。LukzackNoran20g/l,BOD。,。Kinner.et.al(RBC),。,RBC·95·32620076·Vol.32No.6June2007,0.08m3/m2·d,COD64%。halogenated,,BOD。WoolardIrvineSBR。15%,99%。KargiUygur1995,、、,BOD。AhmetFikret[9]SBR,0%～6%,COD、NH4-N、PO4-P。ThongchaiPanswad[10]//(A/A/O),,NaCI030g/L,,(NaCI:70g/l),。[11],4kgCOD/(m3·d),3000mg/l,24h,COD85%。[12-14],,,。[15](1):1　NaCLNaCl0.5%～1%0.8%～0.9%1%～4%2.5%～3.5%2.2.2　耐盐微生物的研究(Halophiles)。,(Ex-tremehalophiles),NaC1(36%),;,(Facultativehalophiles),,,20%。、,,,,,,,,,,、、、、、。,[16-17]。,Birgitte.SNygaard.P。Robert.H、(Tetragenococcushalophila)。80、:(Haloarculaaid-inensissp.nov.);(Halomonashuanghaiensissp.nov.)。(Natronobacteriumsp.),。—CM1、CM4,,。2090,。、,。,、、,Nehon(1998),200,)Ca+/CaM(CaN)[18-21]。G.T.Shin[22]Rhodotorularubra,48h,BOD11000mg/l3200mg/l,70%。,KargiUygur,:;。KargiDine-·96·32620076·Vol.32No.6June2007er,,,,,9,5%,85%COD。Peyton[23],,(10%),(0～50mg·L-1)。MotokiKubo[24],,:Staphylococcussp.()Bacilluscereus()0%～15%;7,,COD90%。,。WoolardIrviRe[25]SBR(100mg·L-1),14%7,0.1mg·L-1DOC10mg·L-1,50mg·L-1),:〔〕。,,。(3%～5%)SS(100mg·L-1)。;,,。[26]。5,,,20000～36000mg/l,COD1600～4000mg/l,。,COD58%,COD90.1%。[27](NaCl0.77mol),。3　,:(1)。(2)。(3)。,,。。,。:[1]杨蕴哲.电化学法处理高含盐活性艳蓝KN—R废水的研究[J].化工环保,2005,25:178-181.[2]王宏.电解凝絮法处理高盐度有机废水的实验研究[J].环境科学研究,2001,14(2):51-53.[3]刘占孟.电化学法处理高盐度染料中间体废水实验研究[J].山东轻工业学院学报,2005(12):30-33.[4]王晓霞.铁炭-生化法处理高含盐染料废水的研究[J].环境化学,2002(11):594-597.[5]王端红.高含盐量水处理技术[J].太钢科技,2005(3):1-53.[6]李艳红.高盐度石油开采废水的处理研究[C].桂林工学院硕士论文,2005.[7]MillsEV.Effectofsalinesewagecanontheperform-anceofpercolactingfilters[J].WaterandWastewaterTreat-ment,1992(9):170-172.[8]YuceloknzR.Theeffectofinorganicsaltsontheacti-vatesludgeprocessperformance[J].Wat.Res.,1989,23:99-104.[9]AhumetUygur,FikretKargisaltinhibitiononbiologi-calnutrientremovefromsalinewastewaterinasequencingbatchreactor[J].EnzymeandMicrobialtechnology,2004,34:313-318.[10]]FranciscoOmil,Ranion,J.MendezJuanM.Lema,CharacterizationofBiomassfromaPilotPlantDigesterTreatingSalineWastewater[J].Chem.Tech.Biotechnol.,1995,63(3):84-392.[11]刘峰.上流式厌氧生物滤池处理高含盐废水的试验研究[J].苏州科技学院学报(工程技术版),2003,16(2):34-38.[12]刘洁玲.A-B段法处理高含盐量皂化废水[J].工业用水与废,1999,30(1):19-23.[13]安丽.二段接触氧化法处理含高盐有机废水[J].上海环境科学,1990,19(11):6-8.[14]尤作亮.海水直接利用与含海水城市污水处理[J].水工业和可持续发展,1997(2):226-231.[15]AnLi,GuGuowei.Thetreatmentofsalinewastewaterusingtwo-stagecontactoxidationmethod[J].WaterScienceandTechnoloev,1993,28(7):31-37.[16]刘爱民.嗜盐菌的研究进展[J].安徽师范大学学·97·32620076·Vol.32No.6June2007报(自然科学版),2002,25(2):181-184.[17]李尔炀.耐盐菌的研究[J].江苏石油化学院学报,2001,13(4):4-6.[18]付畅.酵母耐盐机制的研究进展[J].遗传HERE-DITAS(Beijing),2003:758-761.[19]黄民生.适盐细菌技术处理高含盐有机废水的现状[J].上海环境科学,1998,17(10):38-39.[20]李卫.两株中度嗜盐菌的分离与生理生化分析[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(4):58-61.[21]DanNP.etⅡf.Comparativeevaluationofyeastandbacterialtreatmentofhighsalinitywastewaterbasedonbiokineticcoeficients[J].BioresourceTechnology,2003,87(1):5-56.[22]ShinGT,HangYD.ProductionofcarotenoidsbyRhodotoru/arubrafromsauerkrautbrine[J].Lebensm-Wigs.u.-Techno1,1996,29:570-572.[23]MotokiKubo,JyunichiHiroe,MakotoMurakami,Hi-roshiFukamiandTakashiTachiki,TreatmentofHypersaline-ContainingwithSalt-TolerantMicroorganisms,JournalofBio-scienceandBioe