各种吸附材料在印染废水处理中的应用孟范平

＊孟范平,易怀昌(,266100)　　印染废水具有水量大、水质复杂、有机物含量高、可生化性差、碱性大、色度高等特点,直接排放将会造成严重的水环境污染。处理印染废水方法很多,各种方法处理效果有所不同。吸附法是印染废水脱色处理的常见技术。近年来,人们研制开发了各种各样的吸附材料,在印染废水的处理上取得了很好的效果。在介绍印染废水产生过程及水质特征的基础上,对各类吸附材料应用于印染废水的处理进行了评述,对吸附脱色技术今后的研究方向提出了建议,并指出了开发新型吸附剂(壳聚糖)的必要性。　　　　　:X791　　　　　:AApplicationofDifferentAdsorbentsonDyeingWasterwaterTreatmentMENGFanping,YIHuaichang(CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266100)Abstract　　Withhighwatervolume,complicatedwaterquality,richcontentoforganicsubstances,difficultbio-degradability,highbasicandcolority,etc,dyeingwastewatercancauseheavypollutiontothewaterenvironment.Therearealotofmethodstreatingdyeingwastewater,buttheeffectsarenotthesame.Adsorptionmethodisverycommoninthedecolorationtechniquesofdyeingwasterwater.Recently,variouskindsofadsorbentshavebeendeve-lopedinthetreatmentofdyeingwasterwaterandagoodeffecthasbeenmade.Basedontheillustrationtotheprodu-cingprocessandcharacteristicofwaterqualityofdyeingwasterwater,acommentonthekindsofadsorbensinthedye-ingwastewatertreatmentandsomesuggestionsontheresearchdirectioninthedecolorationtechniquesbyadsorptionaregiveninthispaper,anditalsoshowsthatitisverynecessarytodevelopnewadsorbent(chitosan).Keywords　　adsorbents,dyeingwastewater,treatment,application　＊山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(BS03124)资助　孟范平:男,1965年生,博士,教授,主要研究方向为水污染控制技术　Tel:[phone]　E-mail:[e-mail]0　,,,14.13×108t/a,5,11.3×108t(80%),(300～400)×104t。、、,,,,。1　、、4,,(、、、、)、、,,,,1[1]。,(10%～20%)、、、、、,、、、、、[1,2],、、、、。,。2　。,2:。、、、、,、SS、CODBOD;、、、、、,、、[1]。,,。·69·各种吸附材料在印染废水处理中的应用/孟范平等()()1。,、,。,,。2.1　,,,,。。,,;。,。,。2,,,2。,,,,,。2.2　、,。、、、、。,,,,3。1　[1]Table1　Typesandwaterqualityofthewastewaterfromthedyeingandprintingprocess[1]15%,pH,,BOD45%,CODpH(10～13),,,BOD、COD3000mg/L,,,,BOD200mg/L,COD,,pH12～13,SSBOD、,,400～600,(pH10),COD,BOD,,,、、,BOD、COD、,、、,、、、2　Table2　Theadsorptionofdyesbyactivatedcarbon(MB、BRBY)pH=11,106μm:MBBRBY,Redlich-PetersonEmad[3]KOH5BN700g/L,2.5h,30℃BET[4]C.I.2、C.I.4、C.I.2pH=7.0,T=298K30.27mmol/g、0.11mmol/g0.24mmol/g,Yahya[5]K-2BP4g/L,60min,pH=8.590%,Langmuir[6]　　,,,,,。2.3　、、、,,,,。粉煤灰(Flyash)　,,,、、、、,,,,,·70·材料导报:综述篇　　2009年7月(上)第23卷第7期3　Table3　Theresearchesontheadsorptionofdyesbymineralmaterials、,———151;、、;5、10Baskaralinga[7]、[8]、Wang[9][10],,、、[11],、Al-Futaisi[12]。Manickam[13]R,、、、pH,。,,;,。,。[14]、、(40mg/L,pH=6～7),pH6、20min、1g、40mL,、96%,85%。[15]X-3BX-8B,:0.125mm,0.18g/mL。100mg/LX-3BX-8B20min,pH5～10。。植物性废弃物　　Mane[16],pH、、,:pH3.0,6g/L,5h,50～300mg/L;,,LangmuirRedli-ch-Peterson。。Sulak[17]7GL、pH、、,、,pH。pH5.6、303K、354μmLangmuir69.06mg/g。LangmuirTempkin,、。,,,,。2.4　,、MnO2,。,,,。,,pH。1。1　[18]Fig.1　Mechanismoftheadsorptionofdyesbymagnesiumsalt[18][19],1000mg/L、pH=10.9～11.5,99%,Langmuir;,。[22]、,pH=11.5、5min,98%。,,Langmuir。,,,,。,[20]、(、),98%。[21]80mg/LKN-B(1000),MgSO4FeSO4·7H2O1∶1,556mg/L,pH10.9,99.07%。,Langmuir,1.1614g/g。·71·各种吸附材料在印染废水处理中的应用/孟范平等MnO2。[22]MnO2,100mg/L、pH=11、25mL、293K313K,。[23]δ-MnO2,,。,,,。2.5　20,、,。。,。[24],,pH8、9mg/L、2h、100mL3g,93.9%,97.9%。Yu[25]5(KN-R、K-GN、K-2BP、2G),。2.6　-OH-NH2(2),、,,、、。2　Fig.2　Molecularstructureofchitosan,、。Wong[26]5(25、10、12、1873),Langmuir25、12、1873;10Freundlich。[27],,pH9～11、COD950mg/L、1.422、,CODCr76%,95.92%。Annadurai[28]13,、、、pH,,。,130.0mg/g,。,0.212kJ/mol,。[29],,2h,。。,,Chiou[30]、,,,189,1891802～1840g/kg,。3　,,、、,。,,,。(1)、、、,、,,、。———,,,、、、、、。,-OH、-NH2,,。,,。(2),、,,,。(3),,,,,,,(、),,。1　.、[M].:,19972　,,,.[J].,2000,26(10):333　EmadN,StephenJ,GavinM.Adsorptionofbasicdyesfromaqueoussolutionontoactivatedcarbons[J].ChemEng·72·材料导报:综述篇　　2009年7月(上)第23卷第7期J,2008,135:1744　,,,.[J].(),2006,27(3):3045　YahyaS,MusaI,AmjadH,etal.EffectofsolutionpHi-onicstrengthandtemperatureonadsorptionbehaviorofre-activedyesonactivatedcarbon[J].DyesandPigments,2008,77(1):166　,,,.K-2BP[J].(),2007,42(3):647　BaskaralingamP,PulikesiM,ElangoD,etal.Adsorptionforaciddyeontoorganobentonite[J].JHazardMater,2006,128(2-3):1388　,,.[J].(),2000,21(4):3669　WangCC,JuangLC,HsuTC,etal.Adsorptionofbasicdyesontomontmorillonite[J].JColloidInterfSci,2004,273(1):8010,,.[J].,2003,4(9):2711,,.[J].,2004,27(6):1812Al-FutaisiA,JamrahA,Al-HanaiR.Aspectsofcationicdyemoleculeadsorptiontopalygorskite[J].Desalination,2007,214(1-3):32713MatheswaranM,KarunanithiT.AdsorptionofchrysoidineRbyusingflyashinbatchprocess[J].JHazardMater,2007,145(1-2):15414,,.[J].(),2002,21(4):10915.[J].,2003,25(4):41616ManeVS,MallDI,SrivastavaCV.KineticandequilibriumisothermstudiesfortheadsorptiveremovalofBrilliantGreendyefromaqueoussolutionbyricehuskash[J].JEn-vironManage,2007,84(4):39017SulakMT,DemirbasE,KobyaM.Removalofastrazonyellow7GLfromaqueoussolutionsbyadsorptionontowheatbran.[J]BioresourTechn,2007,98(13):259018,,.[J].,1998,17(1):9519,.[J].,1994,14(5):35620,,,.-[J].,2002,21(2):15521,,,.[J].,2006,7(2):9322,.[J].,2006,26(12):197123,.δ-MnO2[J].,2007,26(2):17124,,.[J].(),2005,11(2):9425YuY,ZhuangYY,WangZH,etal.Adsorptionofwater-solubledyesontomodifiedresin[J].Chemosphere,2004,54(3):42526WongYC,SzetoYS,CheungWH,etal.Adsorptionofaciddyesonchitosan-equilibriumisothermanalyses[J].ProcessBiochemistry,2004,39(6):69327,,,.[J].,