海水养殖废水灌溉条件下山东滨海盐土溶质迁移及其平衡研究赵耕毛

19320056JournalofSoilandWaterConservationVol.19No.3Jun.,2005　赵耕毛,刘兆普＊,陈铭达,寇伟锋(,210095):,。:-(6)(9),89.78,92.35,96.10102.85g,,17.3%,24.4%,31.1%36.8%。,、,,。(0.10.2),。,,。,,,。:;　;　;　:S153.5;S275.3　　　:A　　　:1009-2242(2005)03-0080-03SoluteMovementandBalanceonShangdongCoastalSalineSoilunderMaricultureWasterwaterIrrigationZHAOGeng-mao,LIUZhao-pu,CHENMing-da,KOUWei-feng(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095)Abstract:Insemi-aridareaofLaizhou(Shandongprovince),fifteenlesimeterswereusedtostudysolutemovementandbalanceonShandongcoastalsalinesoilundermariculturewasterwaterirrigation.Therearefivetreatmentsinthisexperiment,i.e,CK(non-irrigated)andthetreatmentsofleachingfraction(LF)being0.1,0.2,0.3and0.4.Theresultsshowedthat,totaldesolvedsalts(TDS)atrootzoneforthetreatmentsofleachingfractionbeing0.1,0.2,0.3and0.4increasedby89.78,92.35,96.10and102.85g,respectively,whenirrigatedtwotimesduringthekeydevelopingstagesofHelianthustuberosusL.Somewereleachedblowtherootzoneandleachingproficiencyreached17.3%,24.4%,31.1%and36.8%respectively.Aftermariculturewastewaterirrigation,nutrientssuchasnitrate,ammoniumandreactivephosphorus,increasedatrootzone.Amountsofnutrientsbeingretainedatrootzoneweredifferentduetothedifferencesofthemovementabilitiesamongthethreesolutes.Ni-tratewasapttoleachingblowtherootzone,however,ammoniumandreactivephosphorusberetained.Addition-ally,heavyrainhelpedtoleachthesolublesaltsoutoftherootzone,butthenutrientswerealsobeingleached.Therefore,weconcludedusingmariculturewastewatertoirrigatesalt-tolerantcropcouldincreasesoilnu-trients,whilethetotaldesolvedsaltswouldnotbeexcessivelyaccumulated.Keywords:mariculturewastewater;　coastalsalinesoil;　leachingfraction;　solutemovementandbalance,、。,[1,2,3]。,,、。,(rootzone),。1　材料与方法1.1　“863”,3km。:2005-02-19　＊E-mail:[e-mail]:(30470331):,,1975,。。DOI:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2005.03.020(),550mm,7,8,2116.2mm。1　(%)(cm)pH　(g)(g/cm3)2～0.02mm0.02～0.002mm0.002mm0～207.580.211.2782.68.98.520～408.260.311.5882.68.19.3(HelianthustuberosusL.),210。:、、、,。,1。5,CK()(LF)0.1,0.2,0.30.4。3,。20043,(20cm),0.2kg,31,1。(621)(911)。、、10.0d,0.58,0.14,0.26mg/L。1　　　(1),30cm,32cm,45cmPVC。(),,,40cm,10cm。,,。5cm,20cm,。1.2　,,1ml,-20℃。SY-2。(TDS)(FAO)[4]。、[5]。2　LF(dS/m)(L)(dS/m)(L)(g)(dS/m)(L)(g)0.1108.484.601.33+48.1414.271.38+41.640.2109.544.472.02+52.1913.542.41+40.160.31010.904.992.39+57.8314.023.49+38.270.41012.725.334.24+59.0514.733.99+43.802　结果与分析2.1　　　2.1.1　土壤盐分　,(10.00dS/m),,(2):,0～40cm(rootzone),,。,,:(P0.05)。0.1,0.2,0.30.4,,89.78,92.35,96.10,102.85g;18.76,29.76,43.4259.97g;17.3%,24.4%,31.1%36.8%。,,,。,:,,,,。:C0V0=ClVlLF=Vl/V0=Cl/C0:C0———(g/L);V0———(L);Cl———(g/L);Vl———(g/L)。,,,。2.1.2　土壤养分　、,,。,3。,,(LF=0.4)、,813:。。0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,,2.99,3.38,1.28,0.92mg,30.40%,30.54%,10.10%,6.24%。2.03,2.31,2.29,2.87mg,85.50%,86.48%,75.03%80.58%。2.99,2.65,2.37,1.60mg,67.81%,53.42%,41.80%,24.19%。,,。(0.30.4),。2.2　3　LF(mg/L)(L)(mg/L)(L)(mg)(mg/L)(L)(mg)0.18.483.591.33+0.142.361.38+1.660.20.589.542.722.02+0.061.732.41+1.360.310.902.502.39+0.341.543.49+0.940.412.721.894.24-0.631.463.99+1.550.18.480.251.33+0.870.031.38+1.160.20.149.540.142.02+1.060.042.41+1.250.310.900.302.39+0.820.023.49+1.470.412.720.114.24+1.350.073.99+1.520.18.480.741.33+1.200.291.38+1.790.20.269.540.462.02+1.540.562.41+1.110.310.900.712.39+1.100.443.49+1.270.412.720.634.24+0.600.573.99+1.004　LF(dS/m)(L)(g)(mg/L)(mg)(mg/L)(mg)(mg/L)(mg)0.110.701.20-8.221.41-1.690.09-0.110.41-0.480.211.981.68-12.881.05-1.770.08-0.130.50-0.840.39.522.37-14.440.97-2.290.06-0.150.48-1.130.411.542.63-19.421.19-3.140.06-0.160.35-0.93,()7～8,。。200471,55mm,,4。,0～40cm。,0.4,,19.42g;0.20.3;0.1,,8.22g。,。,。0.4,,3.14g;0.20.3;0.1,,1.69g。,,,,。,,。3　讨　论,。,,。,,。,。,,。,。,25%(10～11dS/m)[6]。,,。,:,、,。Dennis(2003)[7],20%～31%。BrownJJ(1999)[8](Suaedaesteroa),。,,,。下转第109页8219,,MPMDA,RA,。PODPro。,,[5～9],,,。,:,;,,。ProPOD,,,,,。:[1]　,,,.、[J].,2004,18(3):20-27.[2]　KochianLV.Cellularmechanismsofaluminumtoxicityandresistanceinplants[J].AnnualReviewPlantPhysiologyandPlantMolecularBiology,1995,46:237-260.[3]　,.[J].,1992,12(3):297-305.[4]　MaJF,ZhengSJ,etal.Detoxifyingaluminumwithbuckwheat[J].Nature,1997,390:569-570.[5]　MaJF,HiradateS,MatsumotoH.HighAluminumresistanceinbuckwheatⅡ.Oxalicaciddetoxifiesaluminuminternally[J].Plantphysiology,1998,117:753-759.[6]　ZhengSJ,MaJF,MatsumotoH.Highaluminumresistanceinbuckwheat.I.Aluminum-inducedspecificsecretionofoxalicacidfromroottips[J].PlantPhysiology,1998,117:745-751.[7]　PengXX,YuL,YangC,etal.Genotypicdifferenceinaluminumresistanceandoxalateexudationofbuckwheat[J].JournalofPlantNutrition,2003,26:1767-1777.[8]　ShenRF,MaJF.DistributionandmobilityofaluminuminanAl-accumulatingplant,FagopyrumesculentumMoench[J].JournalofExperimentalBotany,2001,52:1683-1687.[9]　ShenRF,IwashitaT,MaJF.FormofAlchangeswithAlconcentrationinleavesofbuckwheat[J].ExperimentalBotany,2004,55:131-136.[10]　,,.DNA[J].,2000,22(4):362-364.[11]　,.、pH[J].,1997,28(1):39-40.[12]　,,,.[J].,2000,36(3):73-76.[13]　,,,.2[J].(),1998,25(3):85-88.[14]　,,,.[J].,2001,20(2):119-123.上接