合流制排水系统降雨径流污染物的特性及来源

28820088　　　　　　ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol.28,No.8Aug.,2008:(863)(No.2005AA60101001)SupportedbytheHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(No.2005AA60101001):(1978—),,(),E-mail:[e-mail];＊(),E-mail:[e-mail]:ZHAOLei(1978—),male,engineer(Ph.D.candidate),E-mail:[e-mail];＊Correspondingauthor,E-mail:[e-mail],,,.2008.[J].,28(8):1561-1570ZhaoL,YangFL,WangJS,etal.2008.Characterizationofstorm-waterpollutantsourcesinacombinedsewernetwork[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,28(8):1561-1570赵磊1,2,3,杨逢乐1,＊,王俊松4,谢中伟4,朱永官21.云南省环境科学研究院,昆明6500342.中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京1000853.中国科学院研究生院,北京1000494.云南师范大学,昆明650092:2007-08-13　　　:2008-01-12　　　:2008-05-30:、,.4、、、、.,,:,;25%,40%～80%,50%,4%～30%.,4TN、TP、SS、CODBOD530%.,,50%.,.:;;;:0253-2468(2008)08-1561-10　　　:X52　　　:ACharacterizationofstorm-waterpollutantsourcesinacombinedsewernetworkZHAOLei1,2,3,YANGFengle1,＊,WANGJunsong4,XIEZhongwei4,ZHUYongguan21.YunnanInstituteofEnvironmentalScience,Kunming6500342.ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing1000853.GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing1000494.YunnanNormalUniversity,Kunming650092Received13August2007;　　　receivedinrevisedform12January2008;　　　accepted30May2008Abstract:ThefluxandqualityofwetweatherflowsfromtheentrytotheexitofthetypicalcombinedsewernetworkinKunmingwasmeasured,aimingtofollowupthequalityoftherunoffinthesewernetworkandthecontributionofdifferentsourcestothepollutionintherunoff.Raineventsweremeasuredonroads,roofsandyardsofthecatchment,aswellasindryandwetweatherflowsatthecatchmentoutlet.Theresultsshowedthatartificialdisturbanceisthemainfactorwhichinfluencestheconcentrationoftheurbanrunoff.Amongthemainurbangroundsurfacetypes,theorderofrunoffpollutantconcentrationis:roadyardroof.Roadsarethekeysourceofthepollutioninurbanrunoff.Inthestudyarea,roadrunoff,whichgeneratesabout25%ofthetotalrunoffvolume,representsmorethan40%～80%ofthetotalrunoffpollutionmass.Roofrunoff,whichgeneratesabout50%ofthetotalrunoffvolume,representsonly4%～30%ofthetotalrunoffpollutionmass.Theerosionofin-sewersedimentisanimportantsourceofpollutionduringwetweatherflowsthroughthecombinedsewers.Forthefourrainsmeasured,morethan30%ofthetotalTN,TP,SS,CODandBOD5loadsoriginatedfromthein-sewersediments.Maximumrainintensityisanimportantfactorwhichinfluencestheerosionofthein-sewersediment.Forthehighrainintensity,thecontributionofthein-sewersedimenttothetotalpollutionmassismorethan50%.Forrainfallsofdifferentcharacter,thedominantsourcecontributingtothewetweatherflowsdiffers.Keywords:combinedsewernetwork;urbanrunoff;pollutantsources;sewersedimentsDOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2008.08.032　　　　　　　　　　281　(Introduction),,,.,,,.2070,,,(Rimeretal.,1978;Choeetal.,2002;,2005).,,.,,,、、、、,(Christineetal.,1998;,2006;Rimeretal.,1978;Taebietal.,2004).,(Sagetetal.,1996),.,(Christineetal.,1998).,,,(Michelbach,1995).,Michelbach(1995),,.,Gromaire31,,,(Gromaireetal.,2001).,.,,,.、.、,,.2　(Materialsandmethods)2.1　研究区概况、,32hm2(1).,、,,.1　Fig.1　Mapoftheexperimentalcatchmentandlocationofthesamplingsites15628:　　、,0.61m(200612).:(27%)、(43%)、(30%).-,1.5m×2m,3,0.8m1.0m2.,2070,.,1～2a1.,-,,,.,1a,.2.2　监测及计算方法2.2.1　系统污染物进-出平衡计算方法,3,、(Krejcietal.,1987;Gromaireetal.,2001).3.-(Gromaireetal.,2001).-,:MPT=MPW+MPR+MPS(1),MPT(kg),MPW(kg),MPR(kg),MPS(kg).3,,,;;、;,.(Gromaireetal.,2001):(MPT):、;(MPW):24h、1d;(MPR):3,:MPR=∑iCiVi/1000(2),Vii(m3),Cii(mg·L-1),1000.Ci(Taebietal.,2004;,2004),:Q=·F·q(3),Qi(L·min-1),,F(m2),q(mm·min-1).　Ci=MV=∫t0CitQitdt∫t0Qitdt=∑nj=1QijCij∑nj=1Qij(4),M(g);V(L);t(min);Cit(mg·L-1);Qit(L·min-1);nt;Qijj(L·min-1);Cijj(mg·L-1).(3)(4),:Ci=∑nj=1qjCij∑nj=1qj(5)(5),Ci,Ci.2,Ci,2.Vi:Vi=(Vt-Vw)SiRiStRt(6),Vt(m3),VW(m3),Sii(hm2),St(hm2),Rii,Rt.(MPS):,、、:1563　　　　　　　　　　28MPS=MPT-MPR-MPW(7)2.2.2　基本水文参数获取方法　:、、..2.4m(200612),PCA、、,,81.7%.,、.(,1994),.:《》.,,,、、26%、30%.《》,0.90,0.15,0.71;0.68;0.90.30.78.2.2.3　监测方法　4:、()、、..:6,、2.、,,.,,,5～10min.:.5～10min、;,20min,.:.8,2h、,24h,.:.2.3　分析方法、(,2002).24h,:(TN),(TP),103～105℃(SS),(COD),(BOD5).3　(Results)3.1　4场降雨及径流特征2007411、417、5167124,41.1　4Table1　Thecharacteristicsofthe4rainfalls/h/mm/(mm·min-1)/(mm·h-1)4110.712.80.821.104173.02.50.050.175163.54.50.080.237121.542.01.7628.00　　24h,4、,2007411、417、51671240.80、0.47、0.400.92.3.2　污染物输出动态变化2007417、712.23.,,10～30min,,.,,(712),(417),15648:,.,2,SS、COD1076、1242mg·L-1258、88mg·L-1;,,.712417,712,.,712,,,;,,2.3.3　次降雨污染物浓度24,TN、TP,2,,3TNⅤ(2.0mg·L-1),(1.5mg·L-1);TPⅤ(0.4mg·L-1),TPⅤ,TPⅢ(0.2mg·L-1).,4TN8.18mg·L-1,(11.71mg·L-1),TP,42.00mg·L-1;TN(6.0～8.21mg·L-1)4.74mg·L-1;TP(0.2mg·L-1)0.26mg·L-1.SS、COD、BOD5.SS,COD、BOD5,(shockeffcet).2,,、COD、BOD5Ⅴ(COD40mg·L-1、BOD510mg·L-1),CODⅤ、BOD5Ⅴ.4SS、COD,22.2、45.4mg·L-1;BOD5,22.9mg·L-1.SS、COD、BOD51565　　　　　　　　　　28,493.5、389.7、159.8mg·L-1.3SS、COD、BOD5,(COD、BOD5)、SS23～10.2　4Table2　Themeaneventpollutantconcentrationoftheseweroutletandthesurfacerunoffinfourrains/(mg·L-1)TNTPSSCODBOD541134.23.90477.64266.41119.1214.472.22759.80314.90162.487.170.2537.7363.3331.73-----41642.083.26171.21302.11113.0510.573.37634.25919.88330.005.230.2342.3060.5