荷花重瓣化的花器官形态发育比较观察黄秀

“”*12312＊＊21215106502、2016023100049Nelumbonucifera5、、。“”。5‘’、‘’、‘’、‘’、‘’。5、‘’2“”。“”。‘’、。Q944A2095－0845201403－303－07ComparisonofFloralOrganMorphologicalDevelopmentbetweenSingleandDoubleFlowersinNelumbonuciferaHUANGXiu123TIANDai-Ke12＊＊ZHANGWei-Wei2ZENGSong-Jun1MOHai-Bo21SouthChinaBotanicalGardenChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou510650China2ChenshanBotanicalGardenShanghaiChenshanPlantScienceＲesearchCenterChineseAcademyofSciencesShanghai201602China3UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100049ChinaAbstractFiveformsofflowerareincludedinlotusNelumbonucifera．Thesinglefloweristheprimitivetypeoflotusflowersfollowedbysemi-doubledoubleduplicatedandthousand-petalledflower．Tounderstandthemolecu-larmechanismunderlyingtheflowerdoublinginNelumboitisnecessarytoinvestigatemorphologicallytheoriginofdifferentflowerforms．WestudiedthedifferentiationoflotusfloralbudsbyparaffinsectionoffivecultivarsinN.nuciferarepresentingthefiveformsoffloweri.e．‘DanSajin’single‘DaSajin’double‘ZhongshanHongtai’duplicated‘ZhizunQianban’fully-doubleand‘QianbanLian’thousand-petalledrespective-ly．Theanatomicalexaminationshowedthatthedifferentiationofthesepalandpetalprimodiasharedasimilarpat-ternbutthestamenandcarpelprimordiaweredistinctindifferentiation．Thenormaldifferentiationprocessesofsta-menandcarpelprimordiawereobservedintheflowerbudsofsingledoubleandduplicated-petalledcultivars．How-everin‘ZhizunQianban’afully-doublecultivaralltheprimordialstamensandcarpelsweretransformedintothepetals．Thethousand-petalledcultivardidn’tproduceeitherstamenprimordiaorcarpelprimordiabutdevelopedthetinypetalsinstead．Theseresultssuggestedthatthepetalsofdouble-floweredlotusweremainlyderivedfromthepet-2014363303～309PlantDiversityandＲesourcesDOI10．7677/ynzwyj201413126＊＊＊[e-mail]2013－06－302013－09－291987－。alodyofstamensfollowedbypistils．Forthethousand-petalledcultivarfurthermolecularstudiesareneededtoun-derstandtheoriginofthepetalsandtheroleofreceptacleinflowerdoublingoflotus．KeywordsNelumbonuciferaFlowerformFlowerdoublenessParaffinsectionFloraldifferentiationNelumbonuciferaGaertn．。、、、、1987。。“”。N.nucifera‘ＲoseumPlenum’N.nucifera‘AlbumPlenum’N.nucieferaN.lutea‘’、、1987、‘’TianTilt2011‘’1997。、、、、、、。、、19912005Dubois2010。、ＲT-PCＲ。、。1983“”2009‘’。“”、‘’。“”。11.1‘’N.nucifera‘DanSajin’、、‘’N.nucifera‘DaSajin’、、‘’N.nucifera‘ZhongshanHongtai’、、‘’N.nucifera‘ZhizunQianban’、、‘’N.nucifera‘QianbanLian’、、51。。1.22012470cm40cm20。20126－8FAA70%∶∶=90∶5∶5KD-33586μm403362009OlympusBX41。1997FAA75%、85%、95%、100%、100%15min3∶1、2∶1、15minFEIQuanta250。22.1“”51。1A“”1B－D。。‘’21D1、1D2‘’。1E、E1－E2“”1A．‘’B．‘’C．‘’D．‘’D1．D2．E．‘’E1．E2．sa．re．fc．Fig.1FiveflowerformsofN.nuciferaA．Single‘DanSajin’B．Double‘DaSajin’C．Duplicated‘ZhongshanHongtai’D．Fully-double‘ZhizunQianban’D1．DegeneratedreceptacleD2．ＲeceptacledisappearedE．Thousand-petalled‘QianbanLian’E1．LatestageofanthesiswithtwoflowercentersE2．Terminalstageofanthesiswithtwoflowersonbranchesofdegeneratedreceptaclesa．Stamenappendagere．Ｒeceptaclefc．Flowercenter5033“”、。‘’。‘’。。、、、。2.2。5。2。2F1F2。3。‘’9～10mm5～6mm、3A3A－C3B－C。2F1．F2．L1．L2．ab．ap．Fig.2ApicalbudstructureofN.nuciferaF1．ThefirstflowerbudF2．ThesecondflowerbudL1．ThefirstleafbudL2．Thesecondleafbudab．Axillarybudap．Shootapex3‘’A．B．C．pe．st．ca．Fig.3AnatomicalmorphologyofflowerbudofN.nucifera‘DanSajin’A．CrosssectionparaffinsectionB．LongitudinalsectionparaffinsectionC．TopviewSEMpe．Petalst．Stamenca．Carpel603362.35、、4。4A1－E14A2。4A2－E2。4A．‘’B．‘’C．‘’D．‘’E．‘’A1－E1．A2－E2．A3－E3．A4－E4．le．sc．se．pe．st．ca．pr．ps．pc．re．Fig.4FloraldifferentiationandmorphologicaldevelopmentoffiveflowerformsoflotuscultivarsA．N.nucifera‘DanSajin’B．N.nucifera‘DaSajin’C．N.nucifera‘ZhongshanHongtai’D．N.nucifera‘ZhizunQianban’E．N.nucifera‘QianbanLian’A1－E1．SepaldifferentiationA2－E2．PetaldifferentiationA3－E3．StamendifferentiationA4－E4．Carpeldifferentiation．le．Leafbudsc．Budscalese．Sepalpe．Petalst．Stamenca．Carpelpr．Proliferationcentersps．Petaloidstamenpc．Petaloidcarpelre．Ｒeceptacle7033“”4A3－D33A4A4－C4。4B3、B4。、4B44A4、C4。1。2A．、。。、、4C4。B．。4D3、。4D4。C．。4E34E4。34A4－E4‘’。34。、、、、62009。2011、、。‘’‘’、‘’‘’2～4。、。。‘’“”、。、。5、。80336、。、1982、2009。‘’2009‘’。‘’‘’。、、42007。。、198919912011。“”。‘’、‘’。。。〔〕1997．M．34—432009．M．40—482011．M．42—441987．M．75ChenWPZhangSMYanSZ1982．ApreliminarystudyoffloweranatomyanddevelopmentoflotusJ．JournalofNanjingNormalUniversityNaturalScienceE-dition475—80ChenXLLuMZCuiZJetal．2007．Morphologicalcharactersandanatomicalconstructionoftubiformpetalfromstamenprimordiumaswellasit’sformationinPaeoniasuffruticosaandP.lactifloraJ．ActaHorticulturaeSinica3451223—1226DuboisAＲaymondOMaeneMetal．2010．TinkeringwiththeC-functionamolecularframefortheselectionofdoubleflowersincultivatedrosesJ．PloSONE52e9288HuangGZHeZCChenCZetal．1983．TherelativitybetweenflowerdoublingandkaryotypevariationofthelotusJ．JournalofWuhanBotanicalＲesearch1111—16HuangGZ1987．Breedinganewcultivarofyellowlo-tus—Nelumbo×nuciferacv．‘FriendshipPeony’J．ActaHorticulturaeSinica142129—132JiangLChenFLTengNJetal．2009．Comparisonoffloweranatomicalstructureofdoubleflowerandproliferati