湖泊水质模型研究进展万金保

166200711ResourcesandEnvironmentintheYangtzeBasinVol.16No.6Nov.2007:10048227(2007)06080505万金保,李媛媛(,330029):,,,(WASPEFDCCEQUALW2CEQUALR1CEQUALICMMIKESMS),,:;;;:A,,,,,,,,11.1,206040,,[1],,,(ANNS)(GIS)[2],,,1925DO(StreeterPhelps),,,WASPSMSCEQUALW2CEQUALR1[3],Vollenweider1975Vollenweider[4],,,208020Hwqnow:20060720;:20060920:(1952~),,,,,.[3],,,[1]1.2,[5]1.2.1完全混合型,,,,,,,:Mt=--KMMt=-M=Mt-M0:Mt;M0;M;,;t;KVollenweider,,,,,[4],dCdt=WV-QCV-KC:C()(mg/L);W(g/d);V(m3);Q(m3/d);K(1/d);t(d)1.2.2非均匀混合型,,,,,,[4][5],,r=r0,C=C0,C=C0-1-1(r1--r1-0)=1-qDH:r;q;Cr;H;,,=180;C0r0;D()2[3,6,7]2.1WASPWASP(WaterQualityAnalysisSimulationProgram),WASP1983,,WASP4WASP5WASP6WASP7WASP:DYNHYDWASP,,EUTRO()TOXI(),WASP,WASP:(AC)t=(-UxAC+ExACx))x+A(SL+SB)+ASK80616:C(mg/L);t(s);A(m2);Ux(m/s);Ex(m2/s);SL,SB,SK(mg/Ls)2.2EFDCEFDC(EnvironmentalFluidDynamicsCode),JohnHamrick,(USEPA),USEPAEFDCCOD22EFDC:Ct+(uC)x+(vC)y+(C)z=KxCxx+KyCyy+KzCzz+Sc:C(mg/L);u,v,wx,y,z(m/s);Kx,Ky,Kzx,y,z(m2/s);Sc(mg/Ls)2.3CEQUALW2CEQUALW2USACE(),,,DOTOCBOD17,CEQUALW2:BCt+UBCx+WBCz-BDxCxx-BDzCzz=CqB+SB:B(m);C(mg/L);U,Wx(),z()(m/s);Dx,Dzx,z(m2/s);Cq(mg/Ls);S(mg/Ls)2.4CEQUALR1CEQUALR1DOpHMonteCarlo,,2.5CEQUALICMCEQUALICM,ICM,,CH3D(),SMS2.6MIKEMIKE(DHI)3MIKE11MIKE21MIKE3MIKE21MIKE3MIKE21MIKE11,,MIKE3MIKE21,MIKE,,,2.7SMSSMS(SurfaceWaterModelingSystem)BrighamYoung()(RMA2GFGENRMA4)(FESWMSWSPRO),CE8076:QUALICMSMS3,,11Tab.1ApplicationExamplesofLakeWaterQualityModelsDiTor[6]()19772ThomasJames[8]OkeechobeeLake()1993OkeechobeeLake(a)MagnusDahl[9]LEEDSVnernLake()2003VnernGeorgeBArhonditsis[10]WashingtonLake()2004WashingtonLake[11]1988[12]1996[13]2000[14]2004CODMn[15]HSPE2005,4[2,3],,,,:(1),--(2),,(3),,,,,(4)(GIS),(GIS)GIS,,,,,,(5)(ANNs),,,(ANNs),(6)3S(RSGPSGIS),,808165,,,(),,,,,,:[1],,,.[J].,2005,16(6):1169~1175.[2],,.[J].,2002,24(2):109~115.[3],.[J].,2003,22(2):79~85.[4],,.M.:,2005.[5],,.M.:,2002.[6].[D].:,2005.[7],,,.[J].,2001,(2):7~11.[8]ThomasJR,VictorJBJr.ApreliminarymodelinganalysisofwaterqualityinLakeOkeechobee,Florida:Calibrationresults[J].WaterResearch,1995,29(12):2755~2766.[9]MagnusD,DavidI.W,LarsH,etal.Acombinedsuspendedparticleandphosphoruswaterqualitymodel:ApplicationtoLakeVnern[J].EcologicalModelling,2006,190(12):55~71.[10]GeorgeBA,MichaelTB.EutrophicationmodelforLakeWashington(USA):PartIImodelcalibrationandsystemdynamicsanalysis[J].EcologicalModelling,2005,187(23):179~200.[11],,.-[J].,1988,12(4):289~307[12],.[J].,1997,16(3):37~39.[13],.[J].,2000,20(5):533~536.[14].CODMn[J].,2004,26(3):1~4.[15],,,.[J].,2005,24(4):549~55.PROGRESSINTHERESEARCHOFLAKEWATERQUALITYMODELWANJinbao,LIYuanyuan(TheKeyLaboratoryofMinistryofEducationChina,SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang330029,China)Abstract:Alakeisoneofthemostimportantresourceforfreshwater,whichplaysasignificantroleinthesocietyandeconomy.Nowadays,conservationandimprovementoflakeenvironmenthadattractedcloseattentionthroughouttheworld.Thelakewaterqualitymodelisameasuredescribingtheinherentlawsoflakepollutionprocessandtherelationshipbetweentheselawsandphysics,chemistry,biochemistry,biologybymeansofmathematiclanguage.Asatoolforpurificationofpollutionwaterandfordecisionofmanagement,itcanprovidescientificfoundationforgeneralregulationandscientificmanagement,andplayanimportantroleinenvironmentalprotection.Inthispaper,advancesofstudiesonlakewaterqualitymodel,style,generalsoftware(i.e.WASP,EFDC,CEQUALW2,CEQUALR1,CEQUALICM,MIKE,SMS)andtheapplicationexamplesathomeandabroadwereintroduced.Alsoacomprehensiveviewontheresearchhistoryandapplicationprospect,andanalysisofdevelopmenttrendofthelakewaterqualitymodelweremade.Keywords:waterqualitymodel;model;lake;eutrophication8096: