环境生物技术

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.([],214036)3,,,(EnvironmentalBiotechnology)20:,,,:,,,,,973000,840940,1,,(1)(),(2),,,,70,:(1),90%;(2)();(3),;(4);(5),(UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket,UASB),65%,UASB,,UASB,;UASB;UASB,UASB,,();,;2080,10,(EGSB),(IC),(UBF),UASB,(1),;(2),;(3),510;(4),EGSB,2156mPh,UASB25;,81©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(1)(Shortcutnitrification2denitri2fication),,25%,;40%,;3040%;;(2)2(Simultaneousni2trification2denitrification)2,,,,,2,(3)(Anaerobicammoniumoxidation)1995,,(),(),(AnaerobicAmmoniaOxidation),,,,,:,(),,;,;,,,,,2,,,,,22(PHAs),PHAs,,,,PHAs,9,,,100PHAsICIPHB,PHAsPHAs,PHAsPHAs(scl2PHAs,PHBPHAs(mcl2PHAs):(1),PHAs,,;;Ralstoniaeu2tropha2217gPL,PHA7216%,67gPL(lacticacid3217gPL,butyricacid2714gPL,propionicacid118gPL,andaceticacid515gPL)PHA91©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(2)PHAs,(HB,HAPHAs)(PHAs,)(),PHAs;PHAs,PHAs,PHAs,;,PHAs(3)PHAs,PHAs,PHAs;,vector,PHAs;,PHAs,,,,PHAsPHAs5,Sitges(,1990)Gttingen(,1992)Montreal(,1994)Davos(,1996)(,1998)98,190,131PHAs(BacterialPolyhydroxyalkanoates)PHAs(BiologicalPolyhydroxyalkanoates),98(ISBP98),PHAsPHAs()PHA,,,PHAs,,PHAs3(Bioremediation),,,(),,,,(),,,,NP,,(),InSituOn2siteBioreclamation19913,,InsituBioreclamationOn2siteBioreclamation,,(insitu)(exsitu),,,:,30%50%;,,;;,;;,;:;,;;,;;02©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1);(2);(3)bioremediation/,;(4)4,,40%,,,,,7315%(8700kJ/kg),8219%(9100kJPkg),53%(7500kJPkg),51%(4100kJPkg)70,,,1990(1),50%;30%,,,(PCDDsPCDFs),,,,,,1,12,9,11990(%)603272855050621532756265(%)256525153030297066332424(Bioreactorlandfill)EPA20004,,,(1)(LC);(2)(LFG),CH4;;(3)LC,,,,:;;LC;;;:,BLBL(,)67BLBL3,34,BL,,LC;BL4;BL7;8BL,10,EPA20004:BL12©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(FifthInternationalSymposiumonEnvironmentalBiotechnology)209,163,226,22()()1614309182741317101323111223172643141731152944NP10152551015CO2SOxNOx771457125152056116285611555533(91322,,NP,,:(1);(2);(3);(4);(5)DNA[1]..:,1999.[2],,,..:,2001.[3]NationalScienceandTechnologyCouncil,USA.Biotechnologyforthe21stCentury:NewHorizons.1995.[4]TimmisKN.Environmentalbiotechnology.CurrentOpinioninBio2technology,1992,3:225-226.[5]..:,1994.[6]..,2000.[7],..,2000,1(6):11-18.[8]MartinAlexander.BiodegradationandBioremediation.AcadamicPress,1994,248-271.[9].Alcaligeneseutrophus22(PHAs).,1997.[10],..,50,199912.[11]D.R.Reinhart&T.G.Townsend,LandfillBioreactorDesignandOperation.LewisPublishers,NewYork,1998.[12]Wastemanagement,Inc.,Awhitepaper:BioreactorLandfill,thenextgenerationoflandfillmanagement.2000.[13]ProceedingsofFifthInternationalSymposiumonEnvironmentalBio2technology,Kyoto,Japan,July,200022