Getting-along-with-Nature

GettingalongwithNature•一、•Inthefirstparagraph,theauthormakesabriefdescriptionofthesimilarityanddissimilaritythetwotypesofdefendersholdintheirattitudestowardsnatureandhumans.•Thesimilarityisinthatboththedefendersofnatureandwildernessandthedefendersofindustrializationbasetheirargumentsontheassumptionthattherearetwodistinctconditions,onenaturalandtheotherindustrial.•Thedissimilarityisthattheformeropposeshumanencroachmentandthelatterwanttomakehumanencroachmentcomplete.1.Thedefendersofnatureandwildernesssometimesseemtofeelthattheymustopposeanyhumanencroachmentwhatsoever,justastheindustrialistsoftenapparentlyfeelthattheymustmakethehumanencroachmentabsoluteor,astheysay,“completetheconquestofnature.”(段p1，L4)•Thedefendersofnatureandwildernesssometimesseemtofeelthattheymustobjecttoanyhumanactivitiesofoccupyingmoreofnatureandwilderness,justastheindustrialistsoftenseemtofeelthattheymustmakeatotalhumanoccupyingofnatureor,astheysay,“completetheconquestofnature.”五、2.Nature,then,isnotonlyoursourcebutalsoourlimitandmeasure.(p5,L18)•Howdoyouunderstandthestatement?(从上文找答案）•Naturenotonlyprovidesuswithplentifulresourcesbutalsosetstherestrictiononthequantityofresourcesweareallowedtotakeanduse.3.Herjurisdictionisovertherelationsbetweenthecreatures;shedeals“Righttoall…indifferently,”forsheis“theequalmother”ofall“Andknittesteachtoeach,asbrotheruntobrother.”(页P126,L4)•由于她是众生“提供均等机会的母亲，她给众生“公正地分配权利”，“把人们像兄弟一样紧密地团结在一起”。•Herruleisoveralllivingcreatures;shegivesrightstoallcreaturesimpartially,becausesheisafair-mindedmotherandshejoinsallcreaturestogetherinthesamewaythatbrotheristiedtobrother.4.Thus,inSpenser,thenaturalprinciplesoffertilityandorderarepointedlylinkedwiththeprincipleofjustice,whichwemaybealittlesurprisedtoseethatheattributesalsotonature.•Whatdoes“which”referto?•所以，在斯宾塞的诗中，富饶和秩序的自然原则明显的与司法原则联系在一起，我们颇为惊奇地看到他也将此归于自然。•Therefore,Spenserthinksthatthenaturalprinciplesoffertilityandorderareobviouslyconnectedwiththeprincipleofjustice.Thislinkingofjusticetonaturemaysurpriseus.七、5.Wecansee,too,thatastablebalanceispreferabletoabalancethattiltsbackandforthlikeaseesaw,dumplingasurplusofcreaturesalternatelyfromeitherend.•我们也明白，比起那种像跷跷板一样前后失衡，需要从一端甩掉其他过剩生物的平衡，这种稳定的平衡更为可取。•Bepreferableto:bebetterthan•难道你不同意健康而无财富比有财富而不健康好得多的这种说法吗？•Don’tyouagreetothestatementthathealthwithoutwealthispreferabletowealthwithouthealth?九、6.But,dowhatwewill,weremainunderthespelloftheprimevalforestsandprairiesthatwehavecutdownandbroken;weturnrepeatedlyandwithlovetothethoughtofthemandtotheirsurvivingremnants.•But,nomatterwhatwedoinspiteofhavingdestroyedgreatforestsandprairies,westillfeel,respond,andaredrawntotheirmajesty;wecontinuetothinklonginglyaboutthedestroyedancientforestsandprairiesandthesmallpiecesofwildernessthatstillexists.•Spell：vt.拼写；意味着；迷住；招致；轮值•n.符咒；一段时间；魅力•vi.拼字；轮替•Beunderthespellof:beattractedby7.Theymay,infact,notalwaysbeoutofplaceinpastures;if,asseemsevident,overgrazingmakesanidealseedbedfortheseplants,thenwemustunderstandthemasapartofnature’sstrategytoprotectthegroundagainstabusebyanimals.•事实上，也许它们（蓟花）并不总是不适宜在草原上；看起来很明显，如果过度放牧能形成植物理想的苗床，那么我们必须把它看作是大自然保护地面不被动物过度使用的策略的一部分。•Beoutofplacein:beunsuitablein十、8.Butwearelearning,orrelearning,somethingelse,too,thatfrightensus:namely,thatthisconflictoftenoccursattheexpenseofbothestates.Itisnotonlypossiblebutaltogetherprobablethatbydiminishingnaturewediminishourselves,andviceverse.•Thisconflict:theconflictbetweenhumanandnature•Probable比Possible的可能性大一些。•Viceverse:用于表示情况相反时也成立。•很奇怪的事是他喜欢的书，我都不喜欢;反之亦然。•It’sstrangethatanybookhelikes,Idon’t,andviceversa.Afteranalyzingthearticle,whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sopinion?Doestheauthorbelievethathumansgetalongwellwithnature?•Theauthorpointsoutprosandconsofthetwotypesofdefendersandconcludesbysayingthatbydiminishingeithernatureorman,theotherisalsodiminished.•Wecanlearnthathedoesn’tbelievethathumansgetalongwellwithnature.Becauseheillustratesthecomplexityandadversaryrelationshipmanhaswithnatureaswellastheneedtobetterit.