新概念英语第二册笔记-第18课

单词学习pub（口语）大众酒吧，酒馆goroundtothepubforadrink去酒吧喝酒pub-crawl在数家酒馆连续喝酒publichouse酒馆bar酒吧wineshop酒店inn客栈，小旅馆stayataninn/putupataninn住客栈landlord主人，老板，房东（旅馆，家庭，公寓）landlady女房东，女主人n.+n.→合成n.silk+worm→silkworm蚕blood+test→blood-test验血adj.+n.→n.double-dealer两面派shorthand速记v.+n.→n.pickpocket扒手breakwater防波堤n.+v-ing→n.handwriting书法sun-bathing日光浴v.+adv.→n.get-together联欢会break-through突破adv.+n.→n.downfall垮台outbreak爆发lordasdrunkasalord酩酊大醉eg.Lord!天啊！哎呀！哎哟！lordn.贵族，勋爵duke[dju:k]公爵marquis['mɑ:kwɪs,mɑ:'ki:]侯爵earl[ɜ:l]伯爵viscount['vaɪ,kaʊnt]子爵baron['bærən]男爵sir爵士ladyeg.Ladyfirst.女士优先。Ladiesandgentlemen先生们，女士们（称呼套话）Ladies女厕所bill1)n.账单，纸币(note)paythebill/settlethebill付账eg.It’swrongtoleaveahotelwithoutpayingallyourbills.没有付账离开旅馆是不对的。eg.Bill,please!买单！2)n.招贴，广告，海报amoviebill电影海报eg.Nobills!禁止张贴！fitthebill/fillthebill合乎要求headthebill/topthebill领衔主演，挂头牌课文讲解lookfor寻找（过程）eg.Iamlookingformybag.lookforajob找工作find找到（结果，不能用进行时态）eg.Ifoundmybroochunderthesofa.我是在沙发下面找到胸针的。findout发现，找出，搜出（结果）eg.Youshouldfindout(theanswer)foryourself.你应该自己找出答案来。find发现（有偶然之意）eg.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfinhospital.当他醒来时，发现自己躺在医院里。leave---left---left1)v.把（人/物）留下，遗留，丢下eg.MyIleavemyshoeshere?我能把鞋放在这儿吗？2)v.听任…，使…处于某种状态leavesth+adj.eg.Don’tleavethedooropen.别把门开着。eg.Betterleaveitunsaid.话还是不讲出来的好。eg.Leavethemastheyare.让它们保持原样。3)v.离开leavesomeplace离开某个地方leaveforsomeplace离开去某地eg.LeaveEnglandforatouroftheworld.离开英国去环球旅游。4)onleave休假中beside在…旁边eg.Comeandsitbesideme.过来坐到我旁边。besides除…之外，还有eg.Besidesthisphotograph,Ihaveanumberofothers.除了这张照片外，我还有很多其它的照片。bebesideoneself（乐极）忘形，发狂besidethepoint离题as当…时候1)随着（表示事态及状况的变化和进展）eg.Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorepessimistic[,pesi'mistik].随着年龄的增长，她变得愈加悲观。2)多用于引导“在某行为的发展过程中间发生某事”即“继续中的行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。eg,AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,anAmericanaskedmefordirectionstotheneareststation.当我正沿着马路散步时，一位美国人向我询问去最近车站的路怎么走。while1)描述两件事情同时进行时，多用while以表示“一面…一面”。eg.Whilehewastakingbath,hesangsongs.他一边洗澡一边唱歌。2)while所引导的从句中主语与主句主语相同，且从句为进行时态时，从句的主语有时被省略。eg.HetookabathwhileIwaspreparingdinner.我在做饭时，他在洗澡。eg.HewatchedTVwhile(hewas)eating.他在吃饭时看电视。when1)当…时候eg.Cometomewhenyoulike.当你愿意时到我这儿来。eg.IfirstmethimthedaywhenIarrivedhere.我到这儿的那天第一次碰见他。2)每逢…时候eg.When(youare)introuble,visitthisman.每当你有麻烦的时候，就找这个人。3)倘若eg.Hewilllikelyrecoverwhenheundergoestheoperations.一旦他经历手术治疗的话，很可能康复。comein/enter进入immediately/atonce/rightaway/straightaway立刻，马上giveitbacktome/returnittomegive1)givesthback返还eg.Hereturnedwithmybagandgaveitbacktome.2)givein(handin)上交eg.Giveinyourexercisebookstome.把练习册交给我。3)givein(surrender)投降eg.Hecan’tcontinuefighting.Hewillsoongivein.他不能继续战斗了，很快就会投降。4)giveaway赠送eg.Igivemycollectionofstampstothelittleboy.我把收集的邮票送给那个小男孩了。5)giveup放弃eg.Ihavegivenupsmoking.我已经戒烟了。6)giveoneselfup(surrender)投降eg.Threeofourofficersgavethemselvesuptotheenemy.我们的三位军官向敌人投降了。take带走（把某人/物带到某地）takesb/sthintoaplacetakesb/sthtoaplacebring带来（为某人带去某物）bringsthtosbbringsbsthfetch“去拿（某物）来”的动作（去取）eg.I’llfetchaglass.我去取个杯子。SpecialDifficultiesA.用适当的词填空：1.Willthepersonwhotookmyrulerpleasegiveitbacktome.2.Whenmychildrengrewup,Igavealltheirtoysaway.3.Whendowehavetogiveinourcompositions?4.Wewerelosingthebattlebutwedidnotgivein.B.用beside或besides填空：1.Besidesfootballheplaystennis.2.Canyouseethatboystandingbesidethetree.