英语音标学习资料整理

v1.0可编辑可修改1英语音标表（48个）元音（20个）蓝色（OriginalVersionOfIPA）辅音（28个）轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s//ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z//ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/半元音/j//w/边音/ǀ/英语音标及字母组合对照元音:1)/ʌ/发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbusmotherdoeslovetroubleroughbloodflood2)/ɑ:/发音字母araalcarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantcalmhalfauntheart3)/ɒ/ɔ发音字母oaouhotlostlotfoxboxhoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch4)/ɔ:/发音字母alororeooauourouarawSmallwalltalktallballwalk长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ:/ə:/i://U:/短元音/ʌ//ɒ/ɔ/ə//ɪ//ʊ/u/e//æ//eI/eɪ/aI/aɪ/ɔI/ɔɪ双元音/ɪə//eə/εə/ʊə/uə/əʊ/əu/aʊ/auv1.0可编辑可修改2shortmorelordhorseforfortysportstoredoorfloorauthorcaughtautumnfourcourtboughtbroughtwarmwarnquarterlawsaw5)/ə/发音字母erorouaroaeuurteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerdoctoractorauthordeliciousfamiliardollartomorrowtodaylessonpolitecontrolaroundagoelephantbananaCanadaJapanmenlistenfamulusSaturday6)/ɜ:/ə:发音字母irurearerorbirdgirlskirtthirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermherserveworkworld7)/ɪ/发音字母iyeuiuayasitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitmanyhappytwentydictionarydecidebuildyesterday8)/i:/发音字母:eeeaeieei（eoeyi）threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatteachermeanspeakheshemepiecebelievev1.0可编辑可修改3receiveceiling9)/ʊ/u发音字母ooouuolookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullpushwomanwolf10)/U:/发音字母ooououfoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothdowhomprovemovetworudetrueblueyougroup11)/e/发音字母eaea（ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）headbreadpleasurefeatherelephantremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskyesmanyany12)/æ/发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackgladflagman13)/eɪ/eI发音字母eiaayeaaieyeightnamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaywaygreatbreakrainplainpaintpaidtheyheygrey14)/aɪ/aI发音字母iyuybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeyebuyguy15)/ɔɪ/ɔI发音字母oyoiboytoyjoyenjoyoilsoilvoicechoice16)/ɪə/发音字母eerearerebeerdeerv1.0可编辑可修改4earnearhereidea17)/eə/εə发音字母earairerearepearbearchairairfairtherewherecaredare18)/ʊə/uə发音字母ourooruretourpoorsure19)/əʊ/əu发音字母oowoahomecoldnophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal20)/aʊ/au发音字母ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudflowerdownnowcowhowtown辅音：1.爆破音音标对比：/k//g//t//d//p//b/发音字母：c/k/ckgtdpbkeepgetteadeedputbookkidgainteamdeeppenbedcakebegneatneedpetbetpickpigbetbedpullball2.摩擦音v1.0可编辑可修改5音标对比：/f//v//θ//ð/发音字母：f/phvththlifelivethickthisfivevotethemethanphysicsvisitteeththey音标对比：/s//z//ʃ//ʒ/发音字母：s/cs/zsh/ch/ci/ti/sisi/ssinkzipactiontreasurepasszoomachinemeasureadvicehisfinishrevisionAsia、ancient3.破擦音音标对比:/tr//dr//ts//dz//tʃ//dr/发音字母：trdrtsdschj/ge/treedreambetsbedschessjobtrydryseatsseedschildrenenergytreatdrawnetsneedsmatchv1.0可编辑可修改64)鼻音音标对比：/m//n//ŋ/发音字母：mnngnSomenoonsingComenosesongMapnotekingMoonnothingthank5)其他音标：/h//r//j//w//ǀ/发音字母：h/whr/wryw/whLHotraceyearwaitletHouseredyeswideleapHorserightyardwhatdealWholewrongyoungwhilesaleWhowriteyetwhenbeltWhse【注意】wh在元音字母O前才发/h/语音知识:1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u2)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素和28个辅音音v1.0可编辑可修改7素.3)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。4)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。5)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。6)开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebikehomedue;b)辅音+元音he，go，hi。7)闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;b)元音+辅音it。8)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。读音规则1)重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。2)非重读音节[]banana，student，today，after，[i]orange，secret，evening，very，Monday。特殊读音1）音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。notatall，halfanhour，Iloveyouandall、afterall。2）失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等，前面的辅音要失去爆破。goodgirl，goodstudent，goodjob，expression，school，extreme。3）音的同化：两个特殊的音碰到一起，会发出变异成特殊的音。WouldyoudoitIamgladtomeetyou、Can'tyouseeitlastyear，thisv1.0可编辑可修改8year。重音A)双音节词a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter，sorry。b)有a-，be-，de-，re-，res-，in-，im-，en-，em-，es-，ex-，con-，com-，dis-，mis-，pre-，per-，pro-，trans-等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音。a'bout，be'lieve，ad'dress，de'cide，re'port，con'demn，res'pect，com'pare，in'form，dis'cuss，im'press，mis'take，en'force，pre'pare，em'ploy，per'mit，es'cape，pro'duce，ex'claim，trans'latec)有de-，in-，re-，con-，pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关，一般名词的重音在第一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上。'record，re'cord;'insult，in'sult;'conduct，con'duct;'presentpre'sent;'content，con'tent。d)有些复合词和带有前缀re-，ex-，un-，pre-，post-，等的词，有两个重音。'out'side，'re'tell，'well-'known，'un'real，'fif'teen，'Chi'nese，'pre-'war，'post-'war。B)多音节词a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult，'communist，'family，e'conomy，oppor'tunity，de'mocracy。b)有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音'carefully，in'definite，'comfortable，con'ductor，ac'cording，dis'turbance，'complicated，es'tablishment。v1.0可编辑可修改9c)词尾有-eous，-grahpy，-ial，-ian，-ic，-ics，-ience，ient，-ify，-ion，-ious，-ity，ive后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour'teous，cal'ligraphy，edi'torial，his'torian，peri'odic，mathe'matics，ex'perience，suf'ficient，i'dentify，trans'lation，re'ligious，curi'osity，pro'tective。d)词尾有-ain，-ee，-eer，-ese，-ette后缀的词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音。enter'tain，emplo'yee，mountai'neer，Japa'nese，ciga'rette。一些特殊规则：S后的清辅音/k//p//t/要浊化为/g//b//d/音。如：skyskillstopstudentspacesport字母组合tion有两种发音/tʃn/,/ʃən/如:/tʃn/question/ʃən/situationnationinvitation有些单词中某些字母不发音如：hourclimbChristmasknowlisten一般情况开音节发本音（如辅＋元＋辅＋e的结构）a[eɪ]cake,face,table,grade,…have[æ]除外e[i:]these,he,she,be,we…I[aɪ]mine,ride,time,…give,live[ɪ