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形容词和副词一形容词、副语的句法功能形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词。它们各自的功能如下:词类功能例句形容词定语HanMeiisabeautifulgirl.表语Themealisverydelicious.宾语补足语Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.副词状语Billgetsuplateonweekends.后置定语Lifehereisrichandinteresting.表语Classisover.二形容词的排列顺序不少学生对如何排列形容词的词序颇感困惑。在此,我们向同学们介绍一个简易的记忆方法。请你记住“限观形龄色国材”,如果这几个字不好记,你就记“县官行令谢国财”。口诀说明例词县(限)代表限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。the,this,that,my,Tom's,two官(观)代表观点的描述性形容词。fine,beautiful,interesting行(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词。small,tall,high,round令(龄)代表年龄、新旧的形容词。young,old,new谢(色)代表颜色的形容词。red,black,white国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词(或名词)。English,American,Japan财(材)代表中心名词构成材料的形容词。wooden,stone,plasticThereisafineold_______bridgenearthevillage.村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石桥。Iboughta______blueplasticpencilboxyesterday.昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒。Theyhavegotsucha______brownwoodentable.他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。三形容词变副词的方法1.大多数形容词在词尾加_______。careful—carefully,quick—quickly,bright—brightly2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,把y变成_____,再加ly。easy—easily,happy—happily,lucky—luckily3.以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词,去_____再加ly。true—truly4.以le结尾的形容词,去e再加_____。terrible—terribly,simple—simply,possible—possibly四形容词、副词的比较等级1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的概念和构成:英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别,分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加er/est或在词前加more/most,属于规则变化,但也有少数是不规则的变化。(1)规则变化情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加er或estoldfastolderfasteroldestfastest以e结尾的词加r或stlatelaterlatest以“辅音+y”结尾的双音节词变y为____,再加er或estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或mostusefulcarefullymoreusefulmorecarefullymostusefulmostcarefully重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写______字母,再加er或estbighotthinfatbiggerhotterthinnerfatterbiggesthottestthinnestfattest(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetter_______ill/bad/badlyworse______many/muchmore______littleless______farfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2.形容词/副词比较等级的基本用法级用法比较级A和B两者相比较结构例句AB①A+谓语+比较级+than+B②Who/Which+谓语+比较级,AorB?Tomis_____thanBill.汤姆比比尔高。Whichdoyoulikebetter,applesorpears?苹果和梨你更喜欢哪一种?A=BA+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+BTomrunsas______asJim.汤姆跑得和吉姆一样快。AB①A+(否定)谓语+比较级+than+B②A+(否定)谓语+as/so+原级+as+B③A+谓语+less+原级+than+BAlice______olderthanAnn.艾丽斯不如安大。Bobisn'tas_____asNick.鲍勃不如尼克高。Annis______beautifulthanLucy.安不如露西漂亮。最高级表示三者或三者以上的比较,表示其中一个在某一方面超过其他几个。后面用in或of短语来说明比较的范围。①Who+be+the+形容词的最高级,A、BorC?②Which+be+the+形容词的最高级,A、BorC?③A+谓语+the+形容词/副词的最高级+表示范围的短语(of/in...)Whoisthe_______,Tom,BillorJim?汤姆、比尔、吉姆谁最高?Bobistheshortest______hisclass.鲍勃在他的班里最矮。3.形容词和副词比较级的特殊用法(1)比较级的特殊用法①比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”(“more+原级”构成的比较级用moreandmore+原级)Chinaisbecoming______________________中国正变得越来越强大。②the+比较级...,the+比较级...,“越……,就越……”The___________wedoforthepeople,the____________we'llbe.我们为人民做得越多,我们就越幸福。③句中如果有“ofthetwo”短语时,比较级前加the,表示两个中的一个更/较……Billisthetallerofthetwoboys.比尔是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。(2)最高级的特殊用法①...oneof+the+形容词的________级+复数名词Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesallovertheworld.中国是世界上最大的国家之一。②...the+_________词+形容词的最高级TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国第二长河。(3)比较级表示最高级含义①...形容词/副词的比较级+than+anyother+_______数名词WangFangstudiesbetterthananyotherstudentinherclass.王芳比她班上的其他任何一个学生学习都好。②形容词/副词的比较级+than+theother+_________数名词WangFangstudiesbetterthantheotherstudentsinherclass.王芳在她班中学习最好。4.比较级、原级的修饰语(1)当强调比较的程度时,可以在形容词或副词的比较级前使用much,alittle,even,still,alot,far,any,no等。Itis____________hottertodaythanitwasyesterday.今天比昨天热得多。Myappleis__________________smallerthanyours.我的苹果比你的小点儿。Meimeidoes_____________worsethanLucy.梅梅做得甚至比露西更糟。(2)very,quite,too,so常用来修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。汤姆比我高很多。()Tomisverytallerthanme.()Tomismuchtallerthanme.精题精练1.Thisis_______bookinourlibrary.A.themostinterestingB.mostinterestingC.themoreinterestingD.moreinteresting2.Nowadayssciencefictionisn’tas________ascartoonsamongteenagersA.lesspopularB.morepopularC.popularD.themostpopular3.Tomfailedintheexam.Helooked______.A.happyB.sadlyC.upsetD.lovely4.YangpuBridgeisoneof______intheworld.A.biggerbridgeB.thebiggestbridgeC.thebiggestbridgesD.biggerbridges5.30,000dollarsisalargeamountofmoney,butit’s______thanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchC.farlessD.verylittle6.Mr.SmiththoughttheCenturyParkwasthesecond_____parkinShanghai.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.verylarge7.Thelakelooks_____inthemoonlight.Ioftentakeawalkaroundit.A.wonderfullyB.famousC.beautifulD.well8.TheRussianPresidentpaidhisfirstvisittoShaolinTemplelastMarch.Hehad_______beentherebefore.A.neverB.oftenC.usuallyD.always9.Thewomancouldn’tswim______toreachthebank.Shewascryingforhelp.A.goodenoughB.enoughgoodC.wellenoughD.enoughwell10.JanespeaksEnglish______.A.sofluentasJohnB.asfluentasJohnC.morefluentthanJohnD.muchmorefluentlythanJohn11.Lookatthelovelybaby!It’sonly________.A.fivemonthsoldB.threemonthC.twoyearoldD.ten-month-old12.I’mshortsightedandIcan’tseethewordsonthenoticeboard______.A.clearB.clearlyC.carefullyD.good13.“I’vegotanAformyhistory,”Judysaid______.A.sadlyB.sadC.happilyD.happy14.Thefatmanalwayssayshismeatlooks______andsells_______.A.good,goodB.well,wellC.good,wellD.well,good15.Areyougoingtoleave______?A.theopenwindowsB.thewindowsopeningC.thewindowsopenD.thewindowsopened16.Ofallthestarsthesunis______tous.A.closeB.closerC.closestD.theclosest17.Ihave_______totellyou.A.anythingimportantB.importantsomethingC.somethingimportantD.importantanythin
本文标题:形容词副词的比较级和最高级
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