基于AMBA总线的异构多核高速互连技术的研究

硕士学位论文基于AMBA总线的异构多核高速互连技术的研究RESEARCHOFHETEROGENEOUSMULTI-COREHIGH-SPEEDINTERCONNECTIONTECHNOLOGYBASEDONAMBABUS胡瀚文哈尔滨工业大学2012年6月中图分类号：TP368.1学校代码：10213UDC：621.3密级：公开工学硕士学位论文基于AMBA总线的异构多核高速互连技术的研究硕士研究生：胡瀚文导师：季振洲教授申请学位：工学硕士学科：计算机科学与技术所在单位：计算机科学与技术学院答辩日期：2012年6月授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:TP368.1UDC:621.3DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringRESEARCHOFHETEROGENEOUSMULTI-COREHIGH-SPEEDINTERCONNECTIONTECHNOLOGYBASEDONAMBABUSCandidate:HuHanwenSupervisor:Prof.JiZhenzhouAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpeciality:ComputerScienceandTechnologyAffiliation:SchoolofComputerScienceandTechnologyDateofDefence:June,2012Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology摘要摘要随着半导体技术和嵌入式技术的快速发展，以及Java技术的广泛应用，Java的很多优点使其在嵌入式系统中的应用越来越广泛。但是，Java程序的运行，需要借助Java虚拟机（以下称为JVM），以及基础类库，因此，在嵌入式系统中限制了Java程序的运行速度，同时，Java的运行时环境以及基础类库需要占用较大的系统资源，在嵌入式系统这样资源有限的环境下，大大的限制了Java程序的执行性能。由于这些限制，一些学者和企业开发出了Java处理器替代JVM用来提高Java程序的执行效率，如Sun公司开发的picoJava处理器、MartinSehoeberl开发的JavaOptimizedProcessor（以下称为JOP）等等，Java处理器是一种Java虚拟机的硬件实现。目前，在嵌入式开发中如何提高Java程序的执行性能，国内外的研究主要集中在采用将Java处理器集成到嵌入式系统中，与通用核构成异构多核系统来实现。本文通过对AMBA（AdvancedMicrocontrollerBusArchitecture）总线、LEON3微处理器系统以及JOP核的研究，提出“基于AMBA总线的异构多核高速互连”技术。通过设计一个基于有限状态机模型的JOP核的AMBA总线接口，将JOP核集成到LEON3微处理器系统中，实现了一个基于AMBA总线的异构多核系统。其中，JOP核用于执行Java应用程序，LEON3用于执行其他的普通程序，两个处理器通过高速AMBAAHB（AdvancedHigh-performanceBus）总线实现高速互连。昀后，本文采用XilinxISE12.4软件和ModelSimSE6.5仿真软件分别对接口的存储器读操作、存储器写操作、串口的读操作、串口的写操作、以及串口状态寄存器的读操作进行了仿真测试，验证了接口实现通信的正确性。采用Xilinx提供的Xpower功耗分析工具对异构多核系统的总体功耗进行了测试分析，并与多核LEON3系统的功耗进行对比分析，验证了基于AMBA总线的异构多核结构的低功耗设计。关键字：嵌入式；JOP核；AMBA总线；异构多核；LEON3微处理器IAbstractAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofsemiconductortechnologyandembeddedtechnology,aswellasthewidelyusedofJavatechnology,ManyadvatagesofJavamakeitmorewidelyappliedinembeddedsystems.However,therunofJavaprogramsneedtouseJavavirtualmachine(hereinafterreferredtoastheJVM)andbaseclasslibrary,therefore，itlimitsthespeedofJavaprogramrunninginembeddedsystems,atthesametime,theJavaruntimeenvironmentandthebaseclasslibraryneedtotakeupmanysystemresources,itlimitstheperformanceofJavaprogramgreatlywiththelimitedresourcesofembeddedsystem.Becauseoftheselimitations,someacademicsandbusinessesdeveloptheJavaprocessortosubstitutetheJVMtoimprovetheJavaprogramsimplementationefficiency,suchaspicoJavaprocessorbySuncompany,JavaOptimizedProcessor(hereinafterreferredtoasJOP)byMartinSehoeberlandsoon,JavaprocessorisahardwareimplementationofJavavirtualmachine.Atpresent,howtoimprovetheexecutionperformanceofJavaprograminembeddedexploitation,domesticandforeignresearchmainlyfocusonmakingtheJavaprocessorintegratedintoembeddedsystems,constitutingaheterogeneousmulti-coresystemwithuniversalcoretoimplement.ThispaperthroughtoresearchtheAMBA(AdvancedMicrocontrollerBusArchitecture)bus,LEON3microprocessorsystemandJOPcore,proposingthe“heterogeneousmulti-corehigh-speedinterconnectionbasedonAMBAbus”technology.ThispaperthroughtodesignaAMBAbusinterfaceofJOPcorebasedonstatemachinemodel,makingJOPcoreintegratedintoLEON3microprocessorsystem,implementingaheterogeneousmulti-coresystembasedonAMBAbus.JOPcoreusedtoexecuteJavaapplications,LEON3usedtoperformothercommonprograms,Thetwoprocessorsimplementhigh-speedinterconnectionthroughAMBAAHB(AdvancedHigh-performanceBus)bus.Finally,thepaperusetheXilinxISE12.4softwareandModelSimSE6.5simulationsoftwaretosimulateandtesttheinterfacememoryreadoperation,interfacememorywriteoperation,interfaceserialportreadoperation,interfaceserialportwriteoperationandinterfaceserialportstatusregisterrespectively,verifyingtheIIAbstractcorrectnessoftheinterfaceaccomplishcommunication.AndusingXilinx’sXpowerpoweranalysistooltotesttheoverallpowerconsumptionofthesystem,andcomparedtomulti-coreLEON3systempowerconsumption,verifyingthelow-powerdesignofheterogeneousmulti-corestructurebasedonAMBAbus.Keywords:Embedded，JOPcore，AMBAbus，heterogeneousmulti-core，LEON3microprocessorsystemIII目录目录摘要...........................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论............................................................................................................11.1课题来源与背景............................................................................................11.2课题的目的与意义........................................................................................11.3国内外研究现状............................................................................................41.4论文的研究内容............................................................................................7第2章基于AMBA总线的异构多核设计................................................................92.1AMBA总线....................................................................................................92.1.1AMBA总线概述..................................................................................92.1.2AHB总线研究...................................................