初中英语中考语法知识点和习题(带答案)-名词

1一、名词关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是a1.复数的构成方法：(1)一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog--dogs。(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch--watches。(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，如：country--countries。请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。如：monkey--monkeys。(4)以o结尾的名词，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。(5)以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es，如：knife--knives。2.单复数形式相同的词：sheep--sheep，fish--fishChinese--Chinese，Japanese--Japanese3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth--teeth，foot--feeth(2)man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen请区别：German(德国人)—Germans(3)child—children4.常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子)glasses(眼镜),这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。如：Myclothesare(be)newerthanyours.5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理)Nonewsisgoodnews.6.可用howmany，many，afew，few，alotof，lotsof，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。Howmanyarethereinyourpencil-box?(knife)不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.2.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Somebread__________overthere.(be)3.常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。4.常用apieceof,acupof等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：twopiecesofbread请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示，如：三箱苹果threeboxesofapples例：1、Thesetwopiecesofbread__________overthere.(be)2、CouldIhavethree___________,please？A.pieceofbreadB.pieceofbreadsC.piecesofbreadD.piecesofbreads名词的格名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“'s”。如：Tom→Tom's译为“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“'”即可。如：Teachers'Day,twoweeks'holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's。如：Children'sDay关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：1.可用名词所有格表示地点。如：myaunt's我姑姑家。gotothedoctor's去医生家。22.表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's如：LucyandLily's露西和莉莉的3.掌握词组：agirloffive一个五岁的女孩afriendofmine我的一个朋友eg;Thewhiteshirtisandblueoneis.A、Kate,myB.Kate's,mineC.Kate,mineD.Kate's,my练习题一、()1Shewasveryhappy.Sheinthemathstest.A.makesafewmistakeB.madeafewmistakesC.madefewmistakesD.makesfewmistake()2Weneedsomemore____.Canyougoandgetsome,please?A.potatoB.potatosC.PotatoesD.potatoe()3_____are____forcuttingthings.A.Knife/usedB.Knives/usedC.Knife/usingD.Knives/using()4Whatbig____thetigerhas!A.toothB.TeethC.toothsD.toothes()5Pleaseremembertogivethehorsesometree___.A.leafsB.leavesC.leafD.leave()6-Canwehavesome___?-Yes,please.A.bananaB.orangesC.appleD.pear()7Onthetabletherearefive____.A.tomatosB.pieceoftomatoesC.tomatoesD.tomato二、()1Theygotmuch___fromthosenewbooks.A.IdeasB.PhotosC.InformationD.stories()2Hegaveus____onhowtokeepfit.A.someadvicesB.someadviceC.anadviceD.aadvice()3Whenwesawhisface,weknew___wasbad.A.somenewsB.anewsC.thenewsP.news()4What___lovelyweatheritis!A./B.theC.anD.a三、()1-Wouldyoulike___tea?-No,thanks.Ihavedrunktwo____.A.any,bottlesoforangeB.some,bottlesoforangeC.many,bottlesoforangesD.few,bottleoforanges()2Heishungry.Givehim___toeat.A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreadC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads()3Itreallytookhim:___todrawthenicehorse.A.sometimesB.hourC.longtimeD.sometime()4Iwouldliketohave___.A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilkIC.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilks()5Canyougiveme____?A.ateaB.somecupofteaC.acupteaD.acupoftea()6Pleasegiveme___paper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof()7Johnbought___forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes四、()1-Howmany____haveyougotonyourfarm?-I'vegotfive.A.sheepsB.sheepC.pigD.chicken()2Some___cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies()3Inthepicturetherearemany____andtwo____.A.sheep;foxesB.sheeps;foxesD.sheeps;foxD.sheep;foxs()4Agroupof______willvisitthemuseumtomorrow.3A.HungarianB.AustralianC.JapaneseD.American五、()1Thistableismadeof___.A.manyglassB.glassesC.someglassesD.glass()2-Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch,sir?-I'dlike____.!A.chickenB.achickenC.chickensD.thechicken()3Childrenshouldmake____foroldpeopleinabus.A.roomB.aroomC.roomsD.theroom六、()1Tablesaremadeof___.A.woodB.somewoodsC.woodenD.woods()2Iwonderwhy______aresointerestedinaction(武打片)films.A.peopleB.peoplesC.thepeopleD.thepeoples()3Ihaveread____oftheyoungwriter.A.worksB.workC.thisworksD.theworks七、()1Let'smeetat7:30outsidethegateof___?A.thePeople'sParkB.thePeoples'ParkC.thePeopleParkD.People'sPark()2___Chinesepeopleare___hardworkingpeople.A./;aB.We;theC.The;theD.The;a()3Howmanywerethereinthestreetwhentheaccidenthappened?A.policemanB.policesC.policeD.peoples八、()1Ifthesetrousersaretoobig,buyasmaller____.A.setB.oneC.pieceD.pair()2LastweekIboughtaTV____.A.pair.B.setC.pieceD.block()3Thereisa___ofwoodleftontheground.A.cupB.piece,C.boxD.pair九、()1Therearesixty-seven___inourschool.A.women'steacherB.womenteachersC.womanteachersD.womenteacher()2Therearefive___inourfactory.A.womandriverB,womendriverC.womandriversD.womendrivers()3These____weresenttothevillagestohelpthefarmers.A.womendoctorB.womendoctorsC.womandoctorsD.womandoctor十、()1Theywritemostoftheir___inEnglish.A.businessletterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businessesletters()2Wecametoa___atlast.andwentin.A.watchshopB.watchesshop,'C.watchingshopD.watchsshop()3Thisshopsellsapples,bananasandthingslikethese.It'sa___.A.foodshopB.bookshopC.fruitshopD.vegetableshop()4Shebrokea___whileshewaswashingup.A.glassofwineB.glassforwi