小学介词的用法

第三课时语法知识词法（2）四、介词1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用。有：in,on,at，under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,from…to…,of1、in①在……里面。如：intheclassroom②in＋颜色，穿着……颜色的衣服。如：Who‟sthemaninwhite?③in＋语言，用某种语言说。如：What‟sthisinEnglish?④在上午、下午、晚上。如：inthemorning，intheafternoon，intheevening⑤在年、月、季节前。如：in2008，inAugust，insummer⑥在国家、城市和较大的地方前。如：inChina，inWuxi，2、on①在……上面。如：onthedesk②用在某一天（上、下午）前。如：onthe5thofMay，onSunday，onMondaymorning③以Day结尾的节日前。如：onChildren‟sDay，onNewYear‟sDay④固定搭配。如：onfoot（步行），onduty（值日），puton（穿上），geton（上车）turnon（打开），ontheright/left（在右边/左边），onthewall(在墙上)，onZhongshanRoad（在中山路上）注意：树上长的水果用onthetree；不是树上长的外来物用inthetree。如：Icanseealotofapplesonthetree.Thereisaboyinthetree.3、at①在某个时刻前。如：atseveno‟clock②在传统节日前。如：atSpringFestival，atMid-AutumnFestival，atChristmas③在较小的地点。如：atthebusstop④固定搭配。如：atonce（立刻，马上），begoodat（擅长……），lookat（看），athome（在家），atschool（在学校）,atweekends（在周末）,atnight（在夜晚）4、under在……下面如：Thereisacatunderthetable.5、behind在……后面如：Thereisanumbrellabehindthedoor.6、near靠近……如：Thereisaparknearmyhouse.7、beside在……旁边如：Thestudentsarestandingbesidetheteacher.8、nextto紧靠……旁边如：Theteachers‟officeisnexttoourclassroom.9、before（时间上）在……之前如：beforeclass（上课前）10、after（时间上）在……之后；依照固定搭配：afterclass（课后），afterschool（放学后），lookafter（照看），runafter（追赶），readafterme（跟我读）11、between在两者之间TherearesometreesbetweenBuildingAandBuildingB.12、by乘某种交通工具如：bybus，byplane，bytheway（顺便说一下）13、from①befrom=comefrom（来自……）如：MrSmithsis/comesfromAustralia.②from…to…（从……到……）WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.14、to到、去……如：Let‟sgotothezoo.固定搭配：writeto（给xx写信）behappytodo(高兴做某事)15、about关于；大约如:Iwanttobuyabookaboutanimals.It‟saboutonekilometeraway.16、for为、给……如：Here‟saletterforyou.What‟sforbreakfast?固定搭配：lookfor（寻找），waitfor（等候）17、with①与……一起。如：I‟llgoshoppingwithmymother.②具有某种特征。如：Who’stheboywithbigeyes?③help...with...在某方面帮助某人如：CanyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?④playwith...和……一起玩；拿……玩如：playwithme，playwithayo-yo18、infrontof在……前面如：Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.inthefrontof在……前部如：Thereisablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.19.of“„„的”thefirstdayofaweek一个星期的第一天aphotoofJim’sfamily一张吉姆家人的照片of量词的运用acupof,aglassof一杯练一练：一．将下列短语翻译成英语。1.在早晨________________________2.在家_______________________3.上周_______________________4.每年__________________________5.下个周末___________________6.晚饭后_____________________7.八点以前______________________8.在冰箱的前面_______________9.步行_______________________10.乘公共汽车___________________11.擅长游泳________________12.在一个星期五的早晨_____________二．选用括号内恰当的介词填空。1)What’sthis___________(at,on,in)English?2)Christmasis____________(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.3)Theman_______________(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.4)Hedoesn’tdowell_________________(at,on,in)PE.5)Lookatthosebirds____________________(on,in)thetree.6)Wearegoingtomeet_________________(at,on,in)thebusstop7)Isthereacat_________________(under,behind,in)thedoor?8)Welive_______________(at,on,in)anewhousenow.9)Doesitoftenrain_______________(at,on,in)springthere?10)Therearesomepictures(at,on,in)thewallandsomewindows(at,on,in)thewall,too.11）Theyhaveaparty(at,on,in)Children’sDay.三．圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词，并将正确的答案写在横线上。1)JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.___________2)Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.____________3)HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?____4)Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.._________5)Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.___________6)CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?________7)IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.________8)WhatdoyoudoontheSpringFestival?_________Homework一．用适当的介词填空1.Theman___________blueisJack’sfather.2.Who’thegirl_________smallmouth?3.When’sMid-AutumnFestival?It’s_______SeptemberorOctober.4.Look,Nancyissitting____________herfatherandmother.5.Mylittlebrotheralwayshasalot________questions.6.We’reveryhappy____________school.7.JimisinRow4.Isit_____________him.8.Ourclassroomis___________theteachers’office.9.Look___________thepicture.Whoisthegirl_________themanandthewoman.10.Canyoureadthenumber_____________one__________ten?11.Whatcanyousee___________thetree?Somepeaches.12.Mr.Wangisill.He’s__________home.13.Therearesomebikes__________thebigtree.14.Putyourumbrella____________thedoor.15.Todayisthe6th_________February.TheSpringFestivaliscoming.16.Sometimesweplayfootball________ourteachers.17.It’ssixo’clock.Time________getup.18.---CanIhelpyou?---Aglass________juice,please.19.There’sacinema________thesupermarket.20.Tom’sshoesare________thebed.21.Isit________LiMing.LiMingsitsinfrontme.22.Herearesomeapples________you.Thanks!21.What’s_______thebox?There’satoybear.22.Tomis_______America,heisAmerican.23.Sheusuallygetsup_______halfpastsix.24.Wegotoschool_______Monday_______Friday.25.Canyouhelpme_______myMaths?二、用所给的介词填空。in,from,for,with,on,to,at,of1.Therearesomechildren_______theriver.2.Ilive_________theeighthfloor.3.Wecouldbuyhamburgers_______lunch.4.Ihelpmymother______thehousework.5.Gostraightahead,thepostofficeis________yourright.6.Areyoulistening________me?7.Thereisapicture_______horses.8.Billisaheavyboy_______shorthair.9.Adultsusuallygiveluckymoneytochildren_______SpringFestival.10.It’sapostcard（明信片）__________theUSA.11.Weusuallystay_______