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1易混淆动词辨析1.acceptreceive接受(1)accept“接受”指当事人的态度,同意或不同意采纳(2)receive“接到”指客观事实,不含是否愿意接受的意思She___________aninvitationbutcouldn’tacceptit.HeaskedLucytomarryhimandshe___________hisproposal(求婚).2.reacharrivegetto到达Whendidhe___________homeyesterday?We___________atthestationfiveminuteslate.Howdoyouusuallygettoschooleveryday?3.borrowlendkeep均可表示“借”,但用法不同。(1)borrow“借”,是终止性动词,表示主语“借入”某物如borrowsthfromsb表示“从某人处借了某物”(2)lend“借给”是终止性动词,表示主语“借出”某物如lendsb.sth或lendsthtosb均表示“把某物借给了某人”(3)keep“保存,借”是持续动词,表示“借入之后长时间地保留某物”如keepsthfor+时间表示“已经借了多长时间”HowlongcanI___________thebook?I___________anovelfromtheschoollibrary.Couldyou___________meabike?Mybikeisbroken.4.listento与hear均可表示“听”,但用法不同(1)listen是不及物动词,与to构成固定搭配,listento“听.......”,强调听的动作(2)hear“听到”,强调听到的结果___________!What’sthatnoise?2Ispentthenight___________records.SuddenlyI___________astrangenoise.Canyouspeakalittlelouder-Ican’t______________verywell.Didyou_____________whatIsaid?5.say,speak,talk和tell均可表示“说”,但用法不同(1)say“说”,作为及物动词使用,其后常跟直接引语和间接引语Hesaidhewouldcometonight.“Goodnight,”shesaid.(2)speak“讲话”,一般作为不及物动词使用,有时作为及物动词speak+各种语言MayIspeaktoJohn,please?DoyouspeakEnglish?(3)talk“谈话”,是不及物动词,talkabout表示“谈论关于......”talkto/with表示“和......讲话”Mr.Thompsonistalkingwithmyfatherintheofficenow,pleasewaithereforamoment.Whatareyoutalkingabout?(4)tell“告诉,讲述”,是及物动词,可带双宾语和复合宾语,常用结构,tellsbsth/that从句;tellsbtodosth.Theteachertoldusaninterestingstoryyesterday.ShetoldusthatwewouldhaveanEnglishexamthenextweek.Excuseme,couldyou_____________mewherethestationis?Theteacher_______________weshouldhandinourreportonFriday.Couldyou_______________moreslowly,please?Weneedto________________abouttheplansfortheweekends.6.bring,take,carry均可表示“拿,取”,但用法不同。3(1)bring“带来,拿来”只把某物和某人从另一个地方带到说话的地方来,或者可以说是由远及近Bringmeyoudictionarytomorrow.(2)take“带走”指把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去,也可以说是“由近及远”,常和介词to搭配Canyouhelpmetakethebooktotheclassroom?(3)carry“提,扛,搬,携带”意思较多,没有方向性Heiscarryingwater.MysisterwenttoGermanyonholidayand___________mebackaT-shirt._____________yourcoatwithyou-it’scold.Couldyou____________thisbagforme?It’squiteheavy.7.dress,puton,wear和in均可表示“穿”,但用法不同(1)dress常见用法有:dresssb和dresssbup。dresssb“给某人穿衣服”dresssbup“打扮某人”Theboydresshimselfquickly.Mymotherisdressingupmybrotherandtheyaregoingtoaparty.(2)puton“穿上,戴上”,表示动作Afterputtingonhiscoat,Jimwentouttoplaywithhisclassmates.(3)wear“穿着,戴着”表示状态Bobiswearingaredshirttoday.(4)in表示穿着后面加衣服的颜色Themaninablackshirtismyfather.8.lay和lie(1)lay表示“放置;铺;产(蛋,卵)”时,过去式和过去分词是不规则变化:lay-laid-laidLaythebooksdownandyoucango.(2)lie表示“说谎”时,可做及物动词和不及物动词,过去式和过去分词是规则变化:4lie-lied-liedIcan’tbelieveheliedtome.(3)lie表示“躺,位于”时为不及物动词,过去式和过去分词是不规则变化:lie-lay-lainIneedtoliedownforawhile.Thirtyyearsago,thehouselayinthesouthwestcornerofthecity.9.usedtodosth,be/getusedtodoingsth和beusedtodosth(1)usedtodosth固定搭配,表示“过去常常做某事”Iusedtogetupearlyinthemorning.(2)be/getusedtodoingsth是固定搭配,表示“习惯做某事”,to后的动词用V-ing形式Igetusedtogettingupearlynow.(3)beusedtodosth是被动语态,表示“被用来做什么”,use在该短语中表示“使用”Woodisusedtomakepaper.10.cost,pay,spend,和take均可表示“花费”,但用法不同(1)cost“花费(金钱)”,后面直接跟金钱,但主语是物Thebookcostme120yuan.(2)pay“支付”词组“pay+金钱+forsth”表示“为某物花了多少钱”,主语是人Ipaid25dollarsforthedress.(3)spend“花费(时间和金钱)”常用结构“spend+时间或金钱+onsth或spend+时间或金钱+(in)doingsth”主语是人Maryspent1,000dollarsonthetriptothebeach.Shespentanhourdressingupherlittlesister.(4)take“花费(时间或金钱)固定结构:Ittakes(各种时态)+sb+时间或金钱+todosthIttookmehalfadaytogetthere.They_______________twoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.Thisbook_______mealotofmoney.Howmuchdidyou________fortheflowers?Ittookhim3hours_______toschoolthatday.5同义句转换:Itcosthim40yuantobuythemodelcar.1.He________40yuan_________themodelcar.2.He________40yuanforthemodelcar.
本文标题:初中英语-易混淆动词
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