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句子(陈述句,疑问句,感叹句,祈使句)一、陈述句:是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法,可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have,has,will,情态动词can等时,只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。eg.Lilyhasalreadyreadthisnewbook.(改为否定句)Lily____________thisnewbook________.2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时,必须在谓语动词前加助动词,一般现在时加助动词do,第三人称单数加does,一般过去时加did,再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是:don't,doesn't,didn't后都用动词原形。eg.1)Jillhaslunchatschooleveryday.(改为否定句)Jill__________lunchatschooleveryday.2)Thechildrenhadagoodtimeattheparty.(改为否定句)Thechildren___________agoodtimeattheparty.3)Rosedidn'tdrinkanymilkthismorning.(改为肯定句)Rose____________milkthismorning.二、疑问句:是用来提出问题的句子。A.一般疑问句:以be动词,have/has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头,以yes或no来回答的问句。它的基本结构是:Be/Have/Has/Did等助动词(包括情态动词)+主语+谓语(包括表语)+┄?回答常用简略回答。1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时,只要直接把这些词置于句首,句末改成问号。eg.There'ssomethingwrongwithhisbike.(改成疑问句)__________________wrongwithhisbike?2、谓语动词是行为动词时,必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does(三单)、Did(过去式)加上这些助动词后,句子中谓语动词必须用原形。eg.1)Edisonbuiltasciencelabhimselfwhenhewasten.(改成疑问句)______Edison______asciencelabhimselfwhenhewasten?2)ThoseJapaneselikeChinesefood.(改成疑问句)______thoseJapanese________Chinesefood?注意:在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词,如果有也必须进行改变,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外,在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候,常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。B.特殊疑问句:以疑问代词或疑问副词开头,提出疑问的句子。它的基本结构是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语,就用特殊疑问词+陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有:what,who(whom),whose,which,when,where,how,why等,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答,不用yes或no来回答。1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问,疑问词用what①Thetwinsweremakingakitewhentheirmothercamein.(划线提问)___________thetwins_____whentheirmothercamein?②MrsTurneraskedhersontobuysomeeggsforsupper.(划线提问)_____________MrsTurneraskherson_____________?2)对名词前定语提出疑问,疑问词应用which,而且必须和名词连用。I'mgoingtotaketheshirtontheright.(划线提问)___________areyougoingtotake?3)对指人名词或代词提问用who,作宾语时提问用whom。eg.LiPing,they,hisfather4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。eg.LiPing'scoat→Whosecoatmyfather→Whosefather5)对具体时间提出疑问,如inthemorning,lastSunday等,疑问词用when;对具体几点钟提问,疑问词应用whattime。6)对具体地点提出疑问,疑问词应用where。Thepupilsarehavingapicnicatthefootofthehill.(划线提问)__________thepupilshavingapicnic?7)对表原因的从句提问,常见的有because引导的从句,疑问词应用why。XiaoChengdidn'tgotothefarmwithusbecausehewasill.(划线提问)____________XiaoChenggotothefarmwithus?8)对方式或程度等提出疑问,用疑问词How。eg.gobybikelikeverymuch9)对数量提出疑问,疑问词为Howmany,要注意howmany必须跟名词的复数形式。eg.twohundredsheep→Howmanysheep10)对价格提出疑问,疑问词用Howmuch。eg.Ipaidfiftyyuanforthesweater.____________didyoupayforthesweater?11)对时间长度提出疑问,疑问词应用Howlong。eg.I'veworkedinthatfactoryfortwoyears.(划线提问)__________________youworkedinthatfactory?12)对时间频率,如onceayear,twiceaweek等提问,疑问词用Howoften。13)对具体次数,如once,twice,threetimes等提问,疑问词用Howmanytimes。eg.______didhecallyouthedaybeforeyesterday?Twice.A.WhattimeB.HowmanytimesC.HowmuchD.Howlong14)对in+一段时间提问,疑问词一般用Howsoon。eg.Janeandherbrotherwillfinishtheworkintwohours.(划线提问)_______________Janeandherbrotherfinishthework?15)对距离提出疑问,疑问词用Howfar。eg.It'sabouttwokilometresfromheretothecountry.(划线提问)_____________________fromheretothecountry?16)另外,对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问,则分别用What'sthedate?Whatdayisit?如果是过去时间,就用was代替is。What'stheweatherlike?练习题1)Shedoesexercisesathomeintheevening.(改成否定句、一般疑问句)She____________exercisesathomeintheevening.______she_____exercisesathomeintheevening?2)Hesaidsomethingimportantatthemeeting.(改为否定句,一般疑问句)He_________________importantatthemeeting.______he____________importantatthemeeting?3)It'lltakethemthreeweekstofinishthework.(划线提问)___________________ittakethemtofinishthework?4)Ihavetowashalltheplatesandthingsaftermeals.(划线提问)__________youhavetowashalltheplatesandthings?5)Thewomanintheredcoatishermother.(划线提问)____________ishermother?6)LiPingspenttwentyyuanonthedictionary.(划线提问)_____________LiPing_____onthedictionary?思考题1)Theworker'svisitedthefactoryalready.(改成否定句、一般疑问句)Theworker__________thefactory______.____theworker___thefactory__?2)Bothofhisparentsareworkers.(改成否定句)___ofhisparents______aworker.3)Hewenttotheparkwithhissister.(划线提问)_____________hegotothepark?4)Wereallyenjoyedworkingonthefarm.(划线提问)What_____youreallyenjoy______?5)Shewritestoherparentsonceaweek.(划线提问)___________________shewritetoherparents?6)OurP.Eteacherhasbeenatthisschoolsincehecame.(划线提问)__________________ourP.Eteacherbeenatthisschool?C.选择疑问句:指提问者提供两种或两种以上情况,让对方从中作出选择的句子。它的基本结构是:一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句(后一部分与前一部分相同的成分常常省略)。回答时,不用yes或no回答,而是选择其中一种回答。eg.Wouldyoulikechickenorbeef?回答时用I'dlikebeef.填入or或and:①Aretheysitting_______standingintheclassroom?②Thestudentsstoppedtalking_______laughingwhentheteachercamein.③Meimeilikesboating.(用swim改成选择疑问句)______Meimei____boating________________?D.反意疑问句:提出情况和看法来问对方是否同意的句子。它由两部分构成:前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是简短的附加问句。1.如果前一部分是肯定形式,后一部分通常用否定形式;如果前一部分是否定形式,后部分通常用肯定形式。2.两部分的人称和时态必须一致。3.附加问句的主语应用相应的代词,不能用名词。4.附加问句动词的否定应用缩略形式。1)Bill'ssisterisgoingtoworkinParisnextmonth.(改成反意疑问句)Bill'ssisterisgoingtoworkinParisnextmonth,_____________?2)TheReadsdon'tenjoylivinginChina.(改成反意疑问句)TheReadsdon'tenjoylivinginChina,________?注意:1、对于反意疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,则用yes来回答,事实是否定的,则要用no回答。eg.LiLeinevergoestoschoollate,doeshe?李雷上学从不迟到,是吗?不,他迟到。(事实是迟到的,则用yes回答.Yes,hedoes.)是的,从不迟到。(事实是不迟到
本文标题:陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句
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