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小学英语句型句式一、句子的分类:1.陈述句A.肯定陈述句:①主语+be+其它+句号②主语+V(Vs,Ved)+其它+句号③主语+情态动词+V+其它+句号B.否定陈述句:①主语+benot+其它+句号②主语+don’t(doesn’t,didn’t)+V+其它+句号③主语+情态动词+not+V+其它+句号2.疑问句A.一般疑问句:①be+主语+其它+问号②Do(Does,Did)+主语+V+其它+问号③情态动词+主语+V+其它+问号B.特殊疑问句:①特殊疑问词+be+主语+其它+问号②特殊疑问词+do(does,did)+主语+V+其它+问号③特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+V+其它+问号3.祈使句A.肯定祈使句:动词(原形)+其他+标点B.否定祈使句:Don’t+动词(原形)+其他+标点4.感叹句:What+a(an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)例如:Whatbeautifulflowers!Whatamess!Whatabeautifuldesert!How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!例如:Howbeautiful!Howbeautifulthefloweris!二、把陈述句改为否定句、一般疑问句:陈述句:是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法,可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。1、改为否定句:(1)、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have,has,will,情态动词can等时,只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。如:Lilyisreadingastorybook.(改为否定句)Lily______________readingastorybook.(2)、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时,必须在谓语动词前加助动词,一般现在时加助动词don't,第三人称单数加doesn't,一般过去时加didn't,don't,,doesn't,didn't后都用动词原形。如:Thechildrenhadagoodtimeattheparty.(改为否定句)Thechildren__________________agoodtimeattheparty.2、改为一般疑问句:一般疑问句:以be动词,have/has/do等助动词、can/may/will等情态动词开头,以yes或no来回答的问句。(1)、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时,只要直接把这些词置于句首,句末改成问号。如:TheywillgotoShanghaibyship.(改为一般疑问句)___________________(2)、谓语动词是行为动词时,必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does(三单)、Did(过去式)加上这些助动词后,句子中谓语动词必须用原形。如:Ihadsomecottoncandy.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________________________注意:在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词,如果有也必须进行改变,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外,在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候,常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。(I/we→you,my→your,many/some→any)三、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句:以疑问代词或疑问副词开头,提出疑问的句子。它的基本结构是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序。常用的疑问词有:what,who(whom),whose,which,when,where,how,why等,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答,不用yes或no来回答。1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问,疑问词用what①Thetwinsweremakingakite.(用what就划线提问)__________________________________________________2)对名词前定语提出疑问,疑问词应用which,而且必须和名词连用。I'mgoingtotaketheshirtontheright.(划线提问)___________areyougoingtotake?3)对指人名词或代词提问用who,作宾语时提问用whom。eg.LiPing,they,hisfather4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。eg.LiPing'scoat→Whosecoatmyfather→Whosefather5对具体时间提出疑问,如inthemorning,lastSunday等,疑问词用when;对具体几点钟提问,疑问词应用whattime。6)对具体地点提出疑问,疑问词应用where。Thepupilsarehavingapicnicatthefootofthehill.(划线提问)__________thepupilshavingapicnic?7)对表原因的从句提问,常见的有because引导的从句,疑问词应用why。XiaoChengdidn'tgotothefarmwithusbecausehewasill.(划线提问)____________XiaoChenggotothefarmwithus?8)对方式或程度等提出疑问,用疑问词How。9)对数量提出疑问,疑问词为Howmany,要注意howmany必须跟名词的复数形式。twohundredsheep→Howmanysheep10)对价格提出疑问,疑问词用Howmuch。Ipaidfiftyyuanforthesweater.____________didyoupayforthesweater?11)对时间长度提出疑问,疑问词应用Howlong。__________________youworkedinthatfactory?12)对时间频率,如onceayear,twiceaweek等提问,疑问词用Howoften。13)对具体次数,如once,twice,threetimes等提问,疑问词用Howmanytimes。eg.______didhecallyouthedaybeforeyesterday?Twice.(96中考题)A.WhattimeB.HowmanytimesC.HowmuchD.Howlong14)对in+一段时间提问,疑问词一般用Howsoon。eg.Janeandherbrotherwillfinishtheworkintwohours.(划线提问)_______________Janeandherbrotherfinishthework?15)对距离提出疑问,疑问词用Howfar。eg.It'sabouttwokilometresfromheretothecountry.(划线提问)_____________________fromheretothecountry?16)另外,对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问,则分别用What'sthedate?/Whatdayisit?如果是过去时间,就用was代替is。如:What'stheweatherlike?四、句式变换的方法:陈述句改否定句改一般疑问句划线部分提问1句子中有be动词is,am,are,was,were的:在be动词is,am,are,was,were后面加上not:将be动词is,am,are,was,were放在句子前面:用相应的疑问词替换划线部分提问,再写is,am,are,was,were1.I’mten.2.Theyarered.3.It’snineo’clock.4.Shewasathome.5.Theywerecrying.I’mnotten.Theyaren’tred.It’snotnineo’clock.Shewasn’tathome.Theyweren’tcrying.Areyouten?Aretheyred?Isitnineo’clock?Wassheathome?Weretheycrying?Howoldareyou?Whatcolorarethey?Whattimeisit?Wherewasshe?Whatweretheydoing?2句子中有情态动词的:在情态动词后面加上not:将在情态动词放在句子前面:用相应的疑问词替换划线部分提问,再写再写情态动词Shecandraw.Shecan’tdraw.Canshedraw?Whatcanshedo?3句子中只有行为动词的:在行为动词前加don’t,doesn’t,didn’t被帮的动词用原形:在句子前面加助动词do,does,didn’t被帮的动词用原形:用相应的疑问词替换划线部分提问,再加助动词do,does,didn’t被帮的动词用原形:Ilikepears.Helikesants.Benhasabike.Lisagotapuppy.Idon’tlikepears.Hedoesn’tlikeants.Bendoesn’thaveabike.Lisadidn’tgetapuppy.Doyoulikepears?Doeshelikeants?DoesBenhaveabike?DidLisagetapuppy?Whatdoyoulike?Whatdoeshelike?Whohasabike?(注意)WhatdidLisaget?五、感叹句:1、由What引导的感叹句其结构为:What+a(an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语),如例如:Whatinterestingbookstheyare!多有趣的书啊!Whatbadweatheritis!多坏的天气啊!Whatabeautifulgirl!多漂亮的女孩啊!在口语中,这类感叹句有时常省略主语和谓语,如:Whatabigfish!多大的一条语啊Whataprettygirl!多秀丽的女孩啊!Whatabeautifulbird!多么漂亮的一只鸟啊!2、由how引导的感叹句。例如:Howbigthediningroomis!餐厅真大啊!Howlovelythegirlsare!这些女孩真可爱!Howbeautifulthoseflowersare!这些花真美啊!在口语中,这类感叹句有时常省略主语和谓语,只保留感叹部分。如:Howclean!真干净!Howfast!多么快啊!六、祈使句:祈使句是表示请求、命令、建议、劝告、禁止的句子。其特点是以动词原形开头,主语you通常可以省略。1、祈使句的肯定句式(1)以动词原形开头,表示请求、命令等。如:Openthedoor,please!请把门打开!Listentome!听我说!(2)以Let开头,可以表示建议和请求。如:Let’sgotoschool.我们去学校吧!(3)Be动词+形容词,表示请求、建议或提醒对方。如:Bequiet!请安静!Becareful!小心!(4)No+名词/动名词,是警示语,表示禁止,在公共场合经常见到。如:Nophotos!禁止拍照!Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!2、祈使句的否定形式祈使句的否定形式就是在句子开头加“Don’t”,表示建议、劝告。如:Climbthemountains!(改为否定句)______________________________________七、描写天气的句型:A.Therebe+名词,Therewillbe+名词。(名词:snow,wind,rain,cloud,sun)如:Thereisrain.Therewasrain.Therewillberain.其结构为:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!B.Itbe+形容词,Itwillbe+形容词。(形容词:snowy,windy,rainy,cloudy,sunny,hot,,cold,warm,cool,fine)如:Itisrainy.Itwasrainy.Itwillberain
本文标题:小学英语句型句式
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