牛津英语八年级下册知识点梳理

八年级下册知识点Unit1一.【精选词汇】㈠重点短语1.thechangestoSunshineTown阳光镇的变化→thechangesto……的变化(p8)〈知识链接〉changen.变化，常用复数changes。e.g.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesince1995.2.inthesouthernpartoftown→inthesouthernpartof…在…的南部→south→southern〈知识链接〉east东部→eastern东部的,west→western,north→northern3.inthepast在过去→atpresent现在→inthefuture未来；将来，注意这些短语中的介词和冠词。4.turntheplaceintoapark→turn…into…把…变成…〈知识链接〉①Heatturnswaterintovapor.热使水变成蒸气。②TurnthissentenceintoEnglish.5.playcardsandChinesechess打牌、下象棋，e.g.It’spleasanttoplaycardsandChinesechess.6.waterpollution水污染→airpollution空气污染，noisepollution噪音污染(p9)〈知识链接〉Waterpollutionwasaproblembefore.7.usedtodumpitswasteintowater→usedtodosth过去常做某事，注意否定式、疑问式的形式〈知识链接〉⑴usedtodosth→否定式usednottodosth或didn’tusetodosth→疑问式Didsbusetodosth?或Usedsbtodosth?⑵Therebe和usedto合用的形式为Thereusedtobe。根据要求进行句型转换：Sheusedtoteachhistory.①否定式：Sheusedteachhistory.或Shedidn’tteachhistory.②疑问式：sheteachhistory?或Didsheteachhistory?〈用法拓展〉⑴beusedtodosth＝beusedfordoingsth被用于做某事，e.g.Stampsareusedtosendletters.＝Stampsareusedforsendingletters.⑵be/become/getusedtosth习惯于某事，be/become/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事，e.g.①Mygrandmausedtoliveinthecitybutnowshehasgotusedtothecountrylife.②Tomisusedtogettingupearly.8.insomeways在某种程度上；在某些方面→inthisway以这种方式9.feelabitlonelyfromtimetotime→fromtimetotime＝attimes＝sometimes有时；不时地〈知识链接〉⑴abit＋形容词原级或比较级＝alittle＋形容词原级或比较级，有点…⑵abitof＋不可数名词＝alittle＋不可数名词e.g.abitofwater＝alittlewater〈用法拓展〉notalittle＝very非常，notabit＝not…atall一点也不10.throwaway扔掉…→“动词＋副词”结构，e.g.throwit/themaway11.haveaninterviewwithsb＝interviewsb采访某人；对某人面试；与某人面谈(p12)〈知识链接〉①Myparentshavehadaninterviewwithmyteacher.②Theyinterviewed20peopleforthejob.③Thereareanumberofinterviewswithsomefamousfootballplayers.12.thebestmodelIhaveeverseen我曾见过的最好的模型(p17)〈知识链接〉the＋形容词最高级＋名词单数＋sbhave/haseverdone，某人曾做过的最…的…themostwonderfulfilm(that)hehaseverwatched他看过的最精彩的比赛〈用法拓展〉⑴ever通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。e.g.①Have/Hassbeverdonesth?②Nobodyeversteppedinthiscavern.没人曾经踏进过这洞穴。⑵eversince…自从…起到现在(用于现在完成时)，forever＝forever永远；永久地13.moveintothenewflats→moveinto…搬进…，moveoutof…搬出…(p18)14.lendmeabook→lendsbsth＝lendsthtosb把某物借给某人，是“借出”。〈知识链接〉borrowsthfromsb向某人借某物，是“借入”。15.arecentphoto一张近期照片，writeaboutthechangestoMoonlightTown(p21)16.atouristattraction旅游胜地→attractionn.吸引；向往的地方→attractvt.吸引→attractive有吸引力的①Ithasbecomeanewtouristattraction.②Hepburn’sbeautyandcharmattractedColette’sattention.㈡词汇解析1.常见的交通工具：bike/bicycle,bus,double-decker双层巴士,coach长途汽车,tram有轨电车,taxi,train,underground,lightrail轻轨,plane,hot-airballoon热气球,aerodone滑翔机2.Usingadictionary:Thewordsinadictionaryareinalphabeticalorderfrom“A”to“Z”.Thishelpsusfindthewordswewantquickly.Iftwowordsstartswiththesameletter,welookatthesecondlettertodecidethealphabeticalorder.Ifthefirsttwolettersoftwowordsarethesame,welookatthethirdletter,andsoon.e.g.Theword“ball”comesbeforetheword“banana”.3.century＝onehundredyears世纪；百年。⑴某世纪用序数词。如：21世纪thetwenty-firstcentury。⑵“在某世纪”用介词in，如：inthe20thcentury在20世纪。二.【重点句型】1.—Eddie,haveyouseenmyfood?—Yes,I’vejusteatenit.(p6)2.You’vechanged,Eddie.Youwerekind.Nowyou’renot.Idon’twanttoplaywithyouanymore.3.You’vechangedtoo.Youalwayswantedtoplaywithme.→always＋过去式＝usedtodosth4.Coacheshavebeeninuse/serviceinBeijingsince1958.→havebeeninuse＝havebeenused5.ImovedherewithmyfamilywhenIwastwoyearsoldandhavelivedheresincethen.(p8)6.Haveyouevermovedhouse?→movehouse搬家7.Welivedtill1965,whenIgotmarried.→getmarried结婚→get/bemarriedtosb与某人结婚〈知识链接〉⑴marrysb与某人结婚，e.g.Shemarriedafootballplayer.⑵marrysbtosb把某人嫁给某人，e.g.Hemarriedhisdaughtertoanactor.⑶get/bemarriedtosb和某人结婚，e.g.YaoMinggotmarriedtoYeLion6August,2007.⑷表示“已经结婚”用have/hasgotmarried，表示“已经结婚多久”用have/hasbeenmarriedfor＋时间段或since＋时间点。e.g.①Theyhavegotmarried.②Theyhavebeenmarriedfor5years.不能说成Theyhavegotmarriedfor5years.〈用法拓展〉marriagen.婚姻e.g.Theywillcelebratetheirfiftyyearsofmarriagenextmonth.8.HasSunshineTownchangedalotovertheyears?→changealot变化大〈知识链接〉overtheyears＝inthelast/pastyears这些年来，这是现在完成时的一个标志。9.Thereoncewasashoefactory….→Thereoncewas/were…＝Oncetherewas/were…从前有…。10.Later,thegovernmentrealizeditwasaveryseriousproblemandtookactiontoreducethepollution.→takeactiontodosth采取行动做某事，reducethepollution减少污染(p9)〈知识链接〉⑴action①(拍摄影视时用语)开始②动作，e.g.actionfilm动作片，actionstar动作明星⑵averyseriousproblem非常严重的问题→problem(需要着手解决的)问题；难题，question(需要回答的)问题e.g.solveaMathsproblem,answermyquestion11.Itisdifferentforhimtoseesomeofthemasoftenasbefore.(p12)〈知识链接〉⑴Itis＋adj.＋forsbtodosth.⑵asoftenasbefore像以前一样经常→as…as…12.Thingshavechangedalotovertheyears.＝Greatchangeshavetakenplaceovertheyears.13.WhenIwasinprimaryschool,mymothertookmetoschool.→takesbtoschool送某人上学14.Ihavethesamefeelingtoo.Doyousometimesstayafterschooltochatwithfriends?(p19)15.ThechangestoMoonlightTownhavebroughtadvantages,buttheyhavealsocausedmanyproblemsforpeople.(p22)〈知识链接〉⑴bringadvantagesto…给…带来好处，advantage优点；有利条件→disvantage缺点；不利条件⑵causeproblemsfor…给…带来麻烦Unit2一.【精选词汇】㈠重点短语1.goonatriptoSouthHill→goonatripto…去某地旅游(p24)2.takeyououtforafewdays带你出去玩几天→takesbout带某人出去3.gohiking,goskiing→go＋v-ing去做某事，see/enjoythebeautifulview观看/欣赏美景(p25)4.asymbolofJapan→thesymbolof…的象征，e.g.Redisthesymbolof