2-Emily-Dickinson

TheBelleofAmherstEmilyDickinson(1830-1886)Thisismylettertotheworld,Thatneverwrotetome,--ThesimplenewsthatNaturetold,Withtendermajesty.HermessageiscommittedTohandsIcannotsee;Forloveofher,sweetcountrymen,Judgetenderlyofme!AmongtheranksofothersuchacclaimedpoetsasWaltWhitman,EmilyDickinsonisconsideredoneofthemostoriginal19thCenturyAmericanpoets.EmilyDickensonI.LifeII.LiteraryInfluencesIII.MajorSubjectsIV.ThemesV.TheCharacteristicsofHerVerseVI.StyleVII.PointsofViewVIII.WorksIX.Comparison:Whitmanvs.DickinsonI.Lifebornon10December,1830oneofmostprominentfamiliesinAmherst,Ma.thesecondchildofEdwardDickinson,whowasaYalegraduateasuccessfullawyerTreasurerforAmherstCollegeaUnitedStatesCongressmanHergrandfather,SamuelDickinson:aDartmouthgraduateanaccomplishedlawyeroneofthefoundersofAmherstCollegeHealsobuiltoneofthefirstbrickhomesinAmherstonMainStreet,whichisnowaNationalHistoricLandmark‘TheHomestead’oneofthenowpreservedDickinsonhomesintheEmilyDickinsonHistoricDistrict.educatedatAmherstAcademy.At17,begancollegeatMountHolyokeFemaleSeminaryBecameillthespringofherfirstyearanddidnotreturn.Seminary['seminəri]n.学校,学院EmilyDickinsonMuseum,AmherstTheDickinsonHomesteadinAmherstTheDickinsonHomesteadinAmherst(garden)TheDickinsonHomesteadinAmherst,Massachusetts(bedroom)TheDickinsonHomesteadinAmherst(Dress)Religionplayedanimportantroleinherlife.Dickinsonwasterrorizedbyold-fashionedsermonsaboutdamnation(诅咒、下地狱)thefrequencyofdeathinthatageofhighinfantandchildhoodmortality(死亡率)Asherfriendsmovedawayandgotmarried,shegraduallybecameestranged(疏离)fromthereligiousbeliefsofhercommunity.knownforbeingarecluseShedidn’tleaveherfamily’shomesteadforanyreasonafterthelate1860’s.alwaysworewhiteoftenloweredsnacksandtreats(点心)inbasketstoneighborhoodchildrenfromherwindow,carefulnevertoletthemseeherface.afewfriendsandacquaintancesfromdaytodayBestfriend:ThomasWentworthHigginson,aneditorVeryfewpeopleknewEmilywassecretlywritingpoetry.Onlyafewpeoplewithwhomshecorrespondedeversawanyofherpoems.Everyoneexpectedhertomarryandraiseafamilylikemostwomenofherclass.Thisallsuddenlychangedwhenshewas24.Castmembersoftheballet“EmilyofAmherst”poseinthelivingroomReturntoAmherstretreatedfromallsociallifeinAmherstwithinafewyearsalwaysworewhite,likethebrideshewouldneverbe.remainedinherparents’houserestrictedherselftohouseholdworkandwritingpoetrysometimessentherpoemstopeopleasgiftsforvalentinesorbirthdays,alongwithapieorcookiesOnlyafewofherpoemswerepublishedinherlifetime.DickinsondiedMay15,1886ofnephritis(kidneydisease).Afterherdeath,friendsandrelativesfoundbundlesofherpoemswhichtheyeditedand“corrected”andhadpublishedininstallments(分期).PosthumousPublicationIn1955,ThomasH.Johnsonfinallypublishedacollectionofherpoems：thathadnotbeen“corrected.”theversionswereadtoday.II.LiteraryInfluences1.TheBible2.Britishwriters:HerknowledgeofShakespearewasminute(微小的)andextremelypersonal.admiredtheworksofJohnKeatsandElizabethBarrettBrowningbutavoidedtheflorid(华丽的)andromanticstyleofhertimeadeeplysensitivewomansoulfullyexploredherownspirituality,ofteninpoignant,deeplypersonalpoetry----------------------------------------------------------------poignant[lpɔinənt]adj.1伤心至极的;辛酸的2令人心碎的,深深打动人的;强烈的,深刻的3.thepoetryofLongfellow,Holmes,andLowell.SheidentifiedwithHawthorne’sisolated,gnarled,idiosyncraticcharacters.-------------------------------------------------------gnarled[nɑ:l]a.饱经风霜的idiosyncratic[lidiəsiŋlkrætik]a.不同寻常的attimescharacterizedasasemi-invalid(病人，残疾者)ahermitaheartbrokenintrovert(性格内向者)aneuroticagoraphobic(焦虑不安的广场或陌生环境恐怖症患者)III.MajorSubjectsEmilyDickinson’spoetrycomesoutinbursts.Thepoemsareshort,manyofthembeingbasedonasingleimageorsymbol.WithinherlittlelyricsDickinsonaddressesthoseissuesthatconcernedthewholehumanbeings,whichincludereligiondeathimmortalitylovenature1800poems,thedefinitiveedition(选定版)ofherpoetrywerepublishedin1955:ThePoetryofEmilyDickinson.Hermodernityisherarticulation(表述)ofpsychologicalexperienceskepticaldesireforfaithIV.ThemesAfewuniversalthemesoccupiedthepoet:love,nature,doubtandfaith,suffering,death,immortality.theseJohnDonnehascalledthegreatgranite(坚韧的)obsessions(困扰、迷念)ofhumankind.Life&Death----thelargestportionLove----someareratherbold,evenerotic(情欲的)Nature----about300poemsTime&EternityInDetailsBasedonherownexperiences/joys/sorrows(1)religion–doubtandbeliefaboutreligioussubjects(2)deathandimmortalitySheoftenadoptstheposeofhavingalreadydiedbeforeshewritesherlyric.(3)loveSufferingandfrustrationcausedbyloveThoughshewaslonelyandisolated,Emilyappearstohaveloveddeeply;perhapsonlythosewhohave“lovedandlost”canlove.(4)natureAfascination(魅力)withnatureconsumedEmily.Shesummedallherlyricsas“thesimplenewsthatnaturetold”sheloved“nature’screatures”nomatterhowinsignificanttherobin(知更鸟)thesparrow(麻雀)thebeethebutterflytheratOnlytheserpentgaveherachill(5)PainAndSufferingHerlaststanzasbecomeacatalogofgriefanditscauses:deathwantcolddespairexileV.Style(1)poemswithouttitles(2)directness,brevity,comp