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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 高中教育 > 高中限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句概念区别及练习-含答案
导入练习11.—Isthatthesmallcompanyyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone_______youknowmyfatherusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.As2.—Wheredidtheyfinishtheexperiment?—Itwasinthelab_______wastakenchargeofbyProf.Smith.A.whereB./C.whichD.inwhich3.Examinationcompositions,togetherwithmostbusinesslettersandgovernmentreports,arethemainsituations_______formallanguageisused.A.inwhichB.inthatC.ofwhichD.ofthat4.Whichfilmistheone_______mainactorhaswontheBestActorPrizeinthefilmfestival?A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which5.Inthatcountry,November30thisanationalfestival_______everyone,menandwomen,oldandyoung,singsanddanceshappilyinthestreets.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.as6.ThisisJohnBrown,_______Ithinkhassomethinginterestingtotellyou.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who7.WeclimbedtheHuangshanMountainyesterday,_______,notsurprisingly,wascrowdedwithvisitorsfromallovertheworld.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when8.Thefamousfootballplayer,_______abigpartywillbeheldtomorrowmorning,istoarrivethisafternoon.A.inhonourofhimB.inhishonourC.inwhosehonourD.inwhichhonour9._______wasreportedinthenewspaper,seventeenpassengershadbeenkilledinthetrafficaccident.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.That10.Theownerpaidtheworker$10fortidyingthewholebuilding,mostof_______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.thatB.whatC.whenD.which11.Hehasmadegreatcontributionstothescienceofphysics,_______hewasawardedthe2009NobelPrize.A.aboutwhichB.whatC.forwhichD.when12.Idon’twanttousethesametool_______youusedyesterdaytorepairtheairconditioner.A.itB.thatC.oneD.what13.Theywereinterested_______youtoldthem.A.inwhichB.inthatC.allthatD.ineverything14.Isthatthereason_______youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat15.Ihaveboughtthesamedress_______sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what限制性定语从句提供有关主语或宾语的重要信息,起限定作用,与被修饰部分的关系紧密,如果省略该从句会使主句语义表达不完整。例如:Thisistheverypersonthatiswantedbythepolice.Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.非限制性定语从句只是用来对被修饰部分作补充性的说明,与先行词关系比较松散,先行词与从句间可以用逗号隔开,从句可略去:Theminister,whoistovisitouruniversity,issaidtobeaQinghuaUniversitygraduate.Thebusinessman,whosesuitcasehasbeenfoundbyastranger,hasleftforBeijing.如果定语从句的先行词是专有名词或是带有形容词性物主代词(my,his,etc)或形容词性指示代词(this,that,etc)作限定词的名词词组,其后的定语从句通常为非限制性的。例如:Mymother,whohasbeenonavisittoAustralia,willflybacktomorrow..限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词,代词或名词性词组,而非限制性定语从句的先行词除了是名词及名词性词组外,还可能是句子的一部分或是整个句子。例如:Theysayheplaystruant,whichhedoesn’t.[which指代playstruant]Themeetingwasputofftillnextmonth,aswehoped.[as指前面的句子]下面的表格归纳了前面已提到的两者不同之处:表一:限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.提供确定或限定主句中某个名词的信息。1.提供对确定主句中某个名词的非主要附加信息。2.由深层嵌入句派生而来。2.由两个独立的深层嵌入句派生而来。3.无分隔定语从句和主句和停顿或特殊标点符号(逗号/插入语/破折号)。3.书面语中用逗号,口语中用特殊的停顿和降低声调来把定语从句和主句分隔开来。4.不可以修饰整个命题,只修饰一个名词。4.可以修饰一个中心名词,或以评价的形式修饰整个命题。5.可使用that和who(m),which等关系代词。5.That不能当作关系代词,只可用wh-代词。6.不常用来修饰专有名词。6.既可修饰普通名词,也可修饰专有名词。7.可修饰带有any或every等类属限定词的中心名词。7.不可修饰带有any或every等类属限定词的中心名词。as的用法1、as引导限制性定语从句时,常与such或thesame连用,构成thesame…as;such…as结构,as用于代替指人或物的先行词。例如:Ihavenevereatensuchtastyfoodsasshecookedme.试比较thesame…as和thesame…that:ThisisthesamebookasIreadlastweek.(这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。)ThisisthesamebookthatIreadlastyear.(这就是我上周读的那本书。)如果先行词表示抽象概念,则没有这种区别,例如:Shetoldmethesamestoryas/thatshehadtoldyou.在as/so…as结构中,后面的as也是关系代词,例如:Wetookasmanymenascouldbepermittedtoattendthemeeting.2、引导非限制性定语从句关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句时,用于代替整个主句,意思是“正如”,相当于andthis或andthat。as从句位置较之which引导的非限制性定语从句更加灵活,因而as从句既可以指前面提到的内容,也可以指后面将要提到的内容,which一般在主句后。例如:Thetestiscancelled,asyouhavehoped.Thetest,asyouhavehoped,iscancelled.▲注:as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中做主语时表达的意思应与主句一致,而且从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.例如:Hefailedtopasstheexamagain,asispredicted.Hefailedtopasstheexamagain,whichannoyedhismothergreatly.记住以下的as结构:asisknowntoall(众所周知),asisoftenthecase(情况常常如此),asthenameIndicates/suggests(顾名思义),asmaybeimagined(可以想象得出),asoftenhappens(这种情况常常发生),ashasbeensaidbefore(如前所述),ashasbeenpointedout(正如已经指出的),aswillbeshownin(将在…中指出),asishoped(正如所希望的)3介词+关系代词“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句既可以是限制性定语从句,又可以是非限制性定语从句,“介词+关系代词”在从句中做主语、宾语、状语、定语等,介词的选择则要根据它与其先行词的关系或前后名词、动词等的搭配关系来决定,同时还应该考虑句子在上下文中要表达的意思。4.“介词+which/whom/whose”这时应注意介词与句中短语的搭配。例如:TheproblemwithwhichIhavetroublehasnowbeensolved.介词放在关系代词之前的形式的定语从句较之将介词至于从句之末的定语从句正式,因此多用于书面语当中,但在口语中有时也会出现;或者将介词后置,或在介词后置后用that(人、物)/who(人)代替which/whom,并且that可省略。例如;CanyoulendmeapenorpencilwithwhichIcanwrite?Canyoulendmeapenorpencilthat/whichIcanwritewith?5.“介词+which+名词”引导的定语从句which是一个代表所有关系的关系代词,可用来代表一个名词/代词或句子的一部分,但更多地是来代表整个句子。其中的名词通常是一个抽象名词,如case,fact,state,time,point等。例如:Waterboilsatl00℃,atwhichtemperatureitchangesintogas.Hewasabouttoleave,atwhichmomentIcamebackhome.6.定语从句中的关系副词关系副词引导的定语从句(限制性/非限制性)在从句中作状语,意思相当于“介词+which”,常见的引导定语从句的关系副词有:where,when和why等,不常见的如表示时间的关系副词:since,after和before。7.关系副词where(=at,inwhich)引导表示地点的定语从句Thisistheplacewherehe’dmostliketolivetherestofhislife.Thatistheplacewheretheymetforthefirsttime.在表示“情况、方面、状况”等有地点含义的抽象名词如case,game,spot,point,conditions,situation,circumstances等作为先行词的定语从句时,也用where引导,其意义相当于underwhich。例如:It’sakindofgamewhereyoucantrainyoureyesight8.关系副词when(=at,on,during,inwhich)引导表示时间的定语从句I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Ifirstcametothisuniversity.Thisistheseasonwhen(=inwhich)mostfisherswillbe
本文标题:高中限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句概念区别及练习-含答案
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