一般现在时讲解与练习(初中英语)

一般现在时讲解与练习1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es或变“y”为“ies”如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。MissGuteachesusEnglish.顾老师教我们英语。ShestudiesChineseeveryday.她每天学习语文。否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句：1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I’mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don’t(doesn’t)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon’tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn’t构成否定句。如：Hedoesn’toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?一般现在时的动词形式一般现在时主要由动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后的动词词尾有所变化。第三人称单数动词词尾的变化有几种形式：一般情况加-sreads,says,takes以ch,sh,s,x,或o结尾的词加-esteaches,washes,goes,misses,mixes以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加-esstudies,cries,carries一般现在时：表示站在“现在”这个时段叙述一般情况下发生的事情或状态,经常性或习惯性的动作。用法：（1）Be型句子（即句子里动词为am或is或are）以be为助动词，注意主谓搭配例：Heisateacher.→Isheateacher?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t→Whatishisjob?Iam/Youare/Heis/Sheis/Itis/Weare/Youare/Theyare(2)行为动词句子（do型）Ⅰ主语为第一，第二人称及复数，助动词为do(don’t).MyparentslikewatchingTVintheevening.→DoyourparentslikewatchingTVintheevening?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.→Whatdotheydointheevening?Ⅱ若人称为第三人称单数，助动词为does(doesn’t),肯定句(仅肯定句)时动词要有变化，否定句与疑问句动词不变（基本同名词复数变化）与上面的一组句子比较。MyfatherlikeswatchingTV.→DoesyourfatherlikewatchTV?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.→Whatdoesyourfatherdointheevening?一般现在时动词口诀:肯定句：单数开头S形式，复数，你我用原形否定句：单数开头doesn’t加动词，复数、你我don’t加动词一般疑问句：单数Does××加动词，复数、你我Do××加动词2.第三人称单数的动词变化规则（1）多数动词直接加s:runsgetslikescolletstakesplaysclimbs…….（2）结尾是s,x,sh,ch,o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es:watchesteachesgoesdoeswashescrossesmixes（3）动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改i加es:study→studiesfly→fliesy前若为元音则直接加s:buyssays一般现在时的用法（SectionOne）1．表示主语现在的状态、存在的情况或状况。DIG：主语+am/is/are+表语（主系表结构）MrWangisinBeijing.王先生在北京。Heistwelve.Sheisatwork.Thisisabook.Theyareverybusy.Itisme.2．表示人或物现在经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：often经常,usually通常,always总是，everyweek(day,month,year，morning)每周（天，月，年,早上）,sometimes有时，at…在几点钟，onSundayIleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Igetupat6:30everyday.Tinagetsupatsixinthemorningeveryday.蒂娜每天早上六点钟起床。Wealwayscareforeachotherandhelpeachother.我们总是互相关心，互相帮助。3．客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或普通真理，表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.月球绕着地球转。Icefeelscold.（冰摸起来很冷。）3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.4)表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：Shelikesnoodles.TheyspeakFrench.表示主语具备的特征、性格和能力。LilycanspeakalittleChinesenow.莉莉现在能说一点儿汉语。现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.比较：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see,hear,smell,feel,notice,agree,believe,like,hate,want,think,belong,seem等。Iknowwhatyoumean.（我知道你的意思。）练习题1用动词的适当形式填空1.Ilike____________(swim).2.He_________(read)Englisheveryday.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.5.Mymother________(like)______(go)shopping.6.Ican________(draw)manybeautifulpictures.7.She_________(make)amodelplane.8.Doyou________(like)_________(run)?9.Doeshe_________(like)_________(jump)?10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday?11.Theteachers________(like)___________(dance).12.Theteacher________(like)____________(dance).13.Thestudents___________(speak)Englishinclass.14.Thestudent_________(speak)Chineseafterclass.15.Let’s____________andplayfootball.(go)16.He_____________likeswimming.(not)17.I’msorry____________that.(hear)18.WangBingis____________(write)anE-mailtohisfriend.19.Hehas_____________aheadache.(get)20._________youstudyEnglishatschool?Yes,I___________.(do)21.__________yoursisterstudyEnglishatschool?No,she__________.(do)22.I’m_________better.(feel)23.Why__________Tomabsenttoday?(be)2用所给的人称改写句子1.ItakephotosonSunday.(Mike)2.Wegrowbeautifulflowers.(she)3.Theylikecollectingstamps.(Ben)4.Ilistentomusiccarefully.(myaunt)5.Youlikemakingamodelship.(Helen)6.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.(he)7.Theylookafterthepandas.(MrWang)8.Idrawatreeandsomeflowers.(Nancy)9.Wegotobedateight.(mysister)10.Ireadnewspapersintheevening.(MrGreen)3写出下列动词的相应形式：1.第三人称单数：wash_________match_______guess______study______finish_________go________snow______carry_________2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop______see________drive________let_______carry______keep_____join______find_______think________teach______catch______3.写出下列动词的现在分词形式：stay_______begin______forget_______forget______lie________die_______run_______prefer______give________ring_______dance______hope_______II.用所给动词的适当形式填空：1．I________(write)toyouassoonasI_______(get)toLondon.2.Hedoean’tfeelwelland____________(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.3.He______not_______(see)mecomein,forhe___________(read)somethingwithgreatinterest