高考英语语法——-状语从句习题及讲解

高考英语语法专题——状语从句1.状语从句的类型1)时间状语从句：常见引导词有：when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”。while：常表示延续性动词或状态；while也可表示对比的转折。assoonas：表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。hardly/scarcely…when；nosooner…than：表示“还没来得及……就；刚……就”。directly,immediately,instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一……就”。themoment,theminute,thesecond：充当连词，等于when/assoonas。eachtime,everytime,nexttime,bythetime等：也可以引导时间状语从句。since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。常用句型：Itis+段时间+since从句，“自从……有多长时间了”。until：常与not连用，表示“直到……才……”；Notuntil置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；在Itis/was…that/who…强调结构中，须连在一起。2)让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although,though,evenif,eventhough,as等。3)原因状语从句：常见引导词有：because：常用于回答why,语气最强；强调原因，常与just,only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句。for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明，语气弱。as,since：常译为“既然、由于”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱。nowthat：表示“既然”的意思。4)地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where,wherever等。5)目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that,sothat,inorderthat等。目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换。6)结果状语从句：常见引导词有：that,sothat,so…that,such…that…等。7)方式状语从句：由as,asif(though)等引导。8)比较状语从句：由than,as等引导。9)条件状语从句：由if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,afaras,onconditionthat等引导。2.注意：1)主将从现规则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含有情态动词的谓语形式，从句则用一般现在时表示将来时，如：Youcanjoinourclubwhenyougetabitolder.2)疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别：疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句；nomatter+疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句。状语从句讲解练习题1.________wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveitupforhislittlesister.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WheneverD.Whichever2.Hard-workingthoughhewas,________therewasneverenoughmoneytopaythebills.A./B.andC.butD.therefore3.Muchhard________hetried，heflailedtocatchupwiththefirstrunner.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.when4.IgotintouchwithCharles________Ireceivedhisletter.A.whenimmediatelyB.soonC.immediatelyD.suddenly5.Wewerejust________callingyouup________youcamein.A.about;whenB.onthepointof;whileC.onthepointof;whenD.onthepointof;as6.Mostofhisgreatnovelsandplayswerenotpublishedorknowntothepublic________histragic(悲剧)deathin1786.A.evenbeforeB.eversinceC.untilafterD.untilbefore7.Mr.SaddamHusseinhadtogowiththeAmericansoldiers,________.A.nomatterhelikesornotB.nomatterheshouldlikeitornotC.nomatterwhetherhelikesornotD.nomatterhemaylikeitornot8.________,Ihavetoputitawayandfocus(集中)myattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing9.Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkind,________theyhuntthemforfood.A.ifB.whileC.unlessD.as10.________hethoughthewashelpinguswiththework,hewasactuallyintheway.A.AlthoughB.UnlessC.BecauseD.When11.Babiessleepl6tol8hoursinevery24hours,andtheysleepless________theygrowolder.A.whileB.asC.whenD.after12.Ihavebeenkeepingtheportrait________Icanseeiteveryday,asitalwaysremindsmeofmychildhoodinParis.A.sinceB.whereC.asD.if13.________yourcompositioncarefully,somespellingmistakescanbeavoided.A.HavingcheckedB.CheckC.IfyoucheckD.Tocheck14.Iwouldneverspeaktosomeonelikethat________theysaidsomethingunpleasanttome.A.evenifB.sothatC.asifD.eversince15.－DidyouremembertoreturnthebooktoourEnglishteacher?－Yes.Igaveittohim________Isawhim.A.onceB.whileC.ifD.themoment16.AwarningnewsreportfromQatarannouncesthatagroupofIslamwillcontinuetokillAmericanswherevertheyare________theyleavetheArabworldforever.A.eventhoughB.incaseC.wheneverD.until17.—MayIgonow?—________you’vefinishedyourwork,youmaygo.A.AfterB.AlthoughC.NowthatD.Assoonas18.________Ilivethereareplentyofsheep.saidtheboy________pride.A.Where;withB.When;inC.That;inD.Why;with19.Heseemedtohavebeenasleep,soIsaidnothing,butsat________hewouldseeme________waking.A.whether;whenB.that；whenC.which；whereD.where；when20.Itwillbefiveyears________wemeetagain.A.sinceB.untilC.beforeD.when21.Neverloseheart________difficultyyoumaymeetwith.A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however22.________weareallowed________,wecan’tdrinkanybeer.A.Aslongas;todoB.If;toC.Unless;toD.Onconditionthat;doingso23.Youcanstillfindbonesofthebirds________theyusedtolive.A.inwhichB.intheplaceC.whereD.that24.Howcantheylearnanything________theyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingTV?A.whereB.whenC.whileD.but25.________Iadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved.A.WhileB.IfC.AsD.Unless26.“________myfeetremainstandingabovethewaterlevel,thereishope...”saidthecaptain.A.WhereB.EvenifC.WhileD.Although状语从句答案详解1.A.因为gave后面已经有表示物的直接宾语了，排除代词A、C、和D。however意为“无论如何”；whenever意为“每当…”，根据句意，只有选C，意义才通。2.A.因为前面已经连词though了，所以不再需要连词了。Hard-workingthoughhewas=Althoughhewashard-working。3.B.因为as引导让步状语从句，要求将从句的表语或状语等放到句首。而although,while表示让步时，都用正常语序；另外，though引导的让步状语从句，其表语或状语等可提前也可不提前。4.C.因为immediately,instantly,directly和themoment,theinstant,theminute等都可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonas。5.C.因为表示“正要做某事时，突然又发生另一件事”的句型是：was/werejustabouttodosth.when…did…或was/werejustonthepointofdoingsth.when…did…6.C.因为not…until…“直到…才…”，再接before语意上不通，要用after。7.C.因为nomatter后一定要接疑问词或whether。8.C.引导状语从句时nomatterhow=however，其后接形容词或副词，只有C正确。9.C.unless“除非、如果不”。句意是：大多数动物与其它不同种类的动物都没有什么联系，除非是把它们猎为食物。10.A.句意是：虽然他认为他在帮我们做工，但事实上他是在挡事。11.B.表示主、从句的谓语动词同时变化的“随着…”只能用as。12.B.因为keeptheportrait(把照片放在…)后面一定是指所放的“地方”了，所以用where(在…的地方)引导一个地点状语从句。13.C.因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，mistakes不能check，排除A和D；若用B，则前后是两个句子，又无连词，排除B。14