高中情态动词讲解

1情态动词专项讲解1.Chinaisdevelopingitshigh-speedtraintechnologyfast,soit_____begoodenoughtocatchupwiththebest.A.mayB.mightC.mustD.should2.Thensomeotherinterestingreasonsappear,suchas“It'ssosmoggythatI______findmywaytooffice.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t3.Theworldisbig,andIwanttoseeit,wroteateacherinherresignationletter._____youquityourjobtotraveltheworld?A.MustB.MightC.ShouldD.Would【答案揭晓】CCD一、情态动词的定义情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形或其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能.应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。1.NodrivingelectricmotorbikesinsomeareasisarulethatweshallobeyinFuzhou.必须.一定（法律.法规等）动词原形2.Womenwhoareexposedtosecond-handsmokeduringtheirpregnancycanbeatriskofabortion.能，会，可以(表示有能力或机会)动词原形二、常考情态动词的关键用法(一)can1.－Jim，itistimeyouwenttobed．Youneedtogetupearlytomorrow.－It’snotfair，MarycanstayuptilltenhutIhavetogotobedateight.可以(表示允许)2.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshecan'tsing，能，会，可以(表示有能力)3.Luckily,ironcanbereworkedandmistakesdon'thavetobethrownaway能够，可以(表示某事物的特点)4.Petercanbereallydifficulttogetalongwithattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.有可能;有时会5.Icannotchoosebuttogo.不能，无法(用于否定句，表示情况不允许)6.Icannotthankyouenough,ithasbeenawonderfulday.再.....也不为过(也可以用cannever/hardly.....toomuch)7.——Itcan'tbehim.It’shisturntomorrow.不可能(can可用于否定句/疑问句中表猜测，此句表对现在的猜测)8.—Canhehavebeenchosenascaptainofthefootballteam?—Yes,hemusthave.可能（can可用于否定句/疑问句中表猜测，canhavedone表示对过去的猜测猜测）9.ThisoldladywasstrugglingoutofthetrainandIsaid,'Oh,canIhelpyou?'能(通常用于疑问句，表示建议或提议帮忙)10.Canyoujustliftthetableforasecond?(用于疑问句时,can表示礼貌的请求，而can't表示强烈请求）(二)could21.Formyreturnjourney,IfeltIcouldaffordtheextraandtravelfirstclass能;会(表示发生在过去的能力)2.–Ifeelboredwithnothinginterestingtodo.--YoucouldwatchTV.TherewillbeaverygoodHollywoodfilmonthisevening.可以(表示提议或建议)3.–CouldIhavealook?--Ofcourseyoucan.表许可（委婉的语气用could，回答时用can）4.Animprovementinlivingstandardscouldbeyearsaway.可能(表示某事可能属实或可能发生，对将来或者现在发生事情的肯定猜测)5.WhentheshipsailedoutfromThailand,the16sailorsonboardcouldn'thavethought_thatonlyhalfof可能(couldhavedone，只用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的猜测)themwouldreturnagain.高.考.资.源.网6.Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.(couldhavedone用于肯定句中，表虚拟语气，表示过去本有可能发生的事情但却并未发生，不能使用can’thavedone的形式)（三）beableto1.EvenifstandardizedtestsliketheSATcouldshowastudent’sacademicproficiency（学业水平）,theywillneverbeabletotestthingslikeconfidence,effortsandwillpower,andareunabletogiveusthefullpictureofastudent’spotentialities（潜力）【解析】beableto解释为“能够”，有各种时态的形式。注：can和beableto都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有两种形式,即:can,could．beableto则主要指具体做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be发生变化，所以形式比can多．可以说：Icanswim.Iamabletoswim.但是不能说：Allthepeoplecouldescapefromthebigfireintime.只能说：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefromthefireintime.(四)may1.Everyoneofusmayplantatreeintheschool,ororganizeathoroughcleaningonthecampus.可以(表许可)2.（1）Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy；theymayjustbequietpeople.有可能，也许(may表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，此例表示对现在某种情况的猜测）（2）Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomersmaynotlikethedesignofthe也许，可能(may表猜测，用于肯定或否定句中，maynot为“可能不”的意思)（3）—Youmayhavelostitwhileshopping.(may表猜测，mayhavedone表示对过去或者现现在已经完成的动作的肯定猜测)3.MayGodblessyou!祝;但愿(五)might1.IwaswonderingifImightaskyouafavor?可不可以，能否(用于礼貌地打断别人.提出问题.做出请求或引出接下来要说的话)2.—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?—Sorry，Iamnotsure.Butitmightbe.可能(表不是很有把握的猜测，语气比may弱)33.—Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.—Youmighthaveputitinthewrongplace.(might表猜测，mighthavedone则表示对过去或者现已完成的动作的肯定猜测=mayhavedone)4.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel，butperhapsImighthave（此处，mighthavedone表虚拟语气，意为“过去原本可能/可以做到的事而未做”）5.Thisholidayisn’tmuchfun;wemight\mayaswellbebackhome.只好(做);(做…)也无妨(六)will1.Thelowtestscore,theythink,willmakeitimpossibleforthemtogetintoagoodcollege.将（表示将来）2.Youwillcarryouttheseinstructionsandreportbackintothisafternoon.(表示将来的正式安排)3.Hewillbecomehersenioradviser---herdeputy,ifyouwill.愿意4.-----Anyone,answerthephone?------Iwill.临时的决定5.Marywillsitforhoursreading.Thewindowwillnotopen,howeverhardhetries.表现在经常反复的动作或者趋向6.Manwilldiewithoutair.表必然性(七)would1.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhewouldnotsmoke，（will的过去式，用于转述）将2.Hurryup!Itwouldbeashametomissthebeginningoftheplay.She’dbeafooltoacceptit.将，将会(表示判断或看法)3.Shewouldn’tchangeiteventhoughsheknewitwaswrong.不愿(表示意愿)4.Whenhehadaproblemtosolve，hewouldworkatituntilhefoundananswer.常常（表示过去的习惯）Shewouldbealwaysthefirsttooffertohelp.Thecarwouldn’tstartthismorning.老是，总是（表趋向）(八)shall1.We/Ishallcallyoubackthisafternoon.(表将来用于No.1人称)2.---HasMr.TomWhitearrived?---Yes,already.Shallhewaitoutsideorjustcomein?(shall用在疑问句中，且主语为No.1/No.3人称，表示征求对方意见)3.（1）——“Nopersonshallsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette，（2）“Theinterestshallbedividedintofiveparts，accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides，”declaredthe4judge.（3）Youshallgettheanswertomorrow.（4）Theyshallnotbeallowedinafter11p.m.(shall用在陈述句中，且主语为No.2/No.3人称时，表示允诺、命令、警告、决心或规定)(九)should/oughtto1.——Youshould.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.应该;应当2.(1)—MargaretshouldnotstayathomealldaylonginfrontoftheTV.应该，必须(表示给出指示或公布官方命令)(2)—That'sright．Sheoughttogotothefitnesscenterwithus.应该，必须3.Thereshouldnotbeanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsincey