高二名词性从句讲解

名词性从句主语表语宾语名词性从句同位语从句宾语从句表语从句主语从句同位语I.名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词：that、if、whether不作成分无意义2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whichever、whatever、whomever3.连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否”作状语有意义作成分有意义备注：表从asif,because1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewon’tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句II.判断是哪种名词性从句Tomaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphissister.Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.动宾介宾Ifeelitpossiblethatyouwillfinishtheworkinaday.It作形式宾语(2)like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy+it+if或when从句考点1：it作形式宾语(1)make/find/feel/consider/think+it+adj/n（宾补）+that从句…/todo…（真正的宾语）Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.(3)dependonitthat…/relyonitthat...(4)takeitforgrantedthat...名词性从句在句中要用____语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于______1.Thephotographswillshowyou____．A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike陈述2.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited句首考点2：语序问题Sherememberedthatshehadleftherkeysattheschoolgate.Ourteachersaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态考点3：时态问题Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.Herwishisthathecouldjointhearmy.主语+系动词+从句Itsurprisedusallthathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttime.Whokeptthedooropenallnightwasunknown.It作形式主语考点1：it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句（s+（should）+v）Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…(3)It＋不及物动词＋从句Itseems/appearsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…(4)Itis＋过去分词＋从句Itisreported/said…that…据报道…Itisordered/suggested/requiredthats+(should)+v单个主从作主语，谓单；两个或以上，谓用复考点4：主谓一致问题Whokeptthedooropenallnightwasunknown.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.构成：n+同位语从句fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubt,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion考点5：同位语从句和定语从句的区别①Thenews_______youtoldmeyesterdaywasreallyexciting．②Weheardthenews_____ourteamhadwonthegame．thatthat定语从句同位语从句1.语义上：定语从句与先行词news是从属关系，修饰限定先行词；同位语从句对中心词news做进一步解释，说明它的具体内容，是同位关系。2.语法上：引导定语从句的关系代词that在从句中充当成分,可作主语、宾语、表语,作宾语时可以省略，指代先行词,；而引导同位语从句的that不作成分且无意义,一般不可省略。1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.定语从句同位语从句考点6：易错易混连接词1.if/whether2.that/what3.what/which4.wh-/wh-+ever5.wh-+ever/nomatterwh-6.that的省略1.Iaskedher________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout______heissafe.4.Idon’tknow______ornotheiswell.5.Thequestionis_______thisbookisworthwriting.6.Ididn`tknow________tolaughortocry.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether1.If/whethera.主语从句（位于句首）b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后或discuss后的宾语从句f.做动词宾语whethertodo.gwhetherornot连在一起只用whether的情况：2.that与what1._______hecamelatemadetheteacherangry.2._______hesaidsurprisedme.ThatWhatthat只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语。3.what(什么)/which(表选择,哪一个)1.---Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?---HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof_______.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter______itwas?whatwhichwhichWhat无范围；Which有范围•___________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，whatever相当于__________,whoever相当于_________.•____________等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。whoever,whateverwho,what4.wh-/wh-+everWhowilltakethepositionisn’tdecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.anythingthatanyonewho5.疑问词＋ever/nomatter＋疑问词_____________________breakstherulemustbepunished._____________________breakstherule,hemustbepunished.WhoeverWhoever/Nomatterwho(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，还可引导让步状语从句。(2)nomatter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。(3)如果句中有“，”可确定为让步状语从句。疑问词+ever≥nomatter+疑问词that可省略的情况：that不可省略的情况：主语从句、同位语从句表语从句原则上不省介词except,in后宾语从句用it做形式宾语的宾语从句当主句谓语动词后接两个及以上的宾语从句时，可省略第一个that，其他的不省。动词单个宾语从句中的that可省略Classifythefunctionofthefollowingclauses1.Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.4.Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5.Whoevercomesiswelcome.6.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.7.That‘sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Ihavehoideawhenhewillcomeback.8.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.11.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.12.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.6.ThenewsthatMikewouldgoabroadnextyearistoldbyTom做题三步曲：步骤一：首先分清主句和从句。步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词突破方法1.Well,_____Idon’tlikethenewcomerisnoneofyourbusiness.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.how2.---Dad,canyougivemesomeadvice?---Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s_____thebestjobsare.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why3.---Couldyoudomeafavor,Mr.Brown?---Itdependson______itis.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who4.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whether5.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where6.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---Oh,that’s______.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited7.Itisnoneofyourbusiness______otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.howB.whatC.whichD.when8.Theorder_______thepoliticalprisonershouldbesetfreearrivedtoolate.A.whichB.whetherC.thatDwhe