八年级英语下册知识点归纳(牛津英语)

8BUnit1Pastandpresentpastn.意为“过去”inthepast过去（过去时）inthepastfewyears在过去的几年中presentn.现在，目前atpresent目前n.礼物inthefuture未来；将来Comicstrip＆Welcometotheunit1、Itwasinthebowlanhourago一个小时之前在碗里的anhourago一小时前inthebowl在碗里2.I'vejusteatenit.我刚才把它吃了。(eat-ate-eaten)justadv.意为“刚才”常与完成时连用。他们刚刚到达。Theyhavejustarrived.注意：justnow意为“刚才”，相当于“amomentago”通常与一般过去时连用。我刚才去了图书馆。Iwenttothelibraryjustnow.3.Youusedtosharefoodwithme!你过去常与我分享食物！usedtodosth.意为“过去常常做某事”，表示过去的习惯。本身已是过去时态，没有人称和数的变化，暗含现在已不再如此。1)他的父母过去住在乡下。Hispare2ntsusedtoliveinthecountryside.2)Tom过去常常早起，不是吗？Tomusedtogetupearly,didn'the?/usedn'the?beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事Myfatherisusedtoreadingnewspapersafterdinner.beusedtodo被用来做……Apenisusedtowritewith.笔是用来写的。sharesth.withsb.和….分享…4.Youusedtobesokindtome.你过去对我那么好。bekindtosb.对…友好5.gotoschoolbybike=rideabiketoschool骑自行车去学校6.Ittookalongtimetowaitforthenextone.等下一辆公共汽车要花费很长时间。waitforthenextone等下一辆车7.gotoschoolbybus=takeabustoschool=gotoschoolonthebus乘公交车去学校Reading8.knowsunshinetownverywell对阳光镇很了解know…verywell非常了解…9.sinceIwasborn自我出生以来beborn出生since引导原因状语从句，不可与so连用。10.movehouse搬家11.liveinthenorthernpartoftown住在城镇的北部south南方→southern南部的east东部→eastern东部的west→westernnorth→northerntothenorthof在……北面（范围之外）inthenorthof在……北部（范围之内）onthenorthof在……北边（接壤）Ourschoolistothenorthofthetimessupermarket.我们学校在时代超市北面。BeijingisinthenorthofChina.北京在中国北部。ShandongisonthenorthofJiangsu.山东位于江苏北面。12.WhenIgotmarriedin1965,mywifeandImovedtwoblocksawayandwe’velivedinthisareasincethen.getmarried结婚getmarriedtosb.=marrysb.=bemarriedtosb.和某人结婚marrysb.tosb.把某人嫁给某人movetwoblocksaway搬到两个街区以外sincethen从那以后13.changealot改变许多14.overtheyears在这些年期间(现在完成时)15.inthetowncentre=inthecentreofthetown在镇中心16.turn…into…把…变成…①Heatturnswaterintovapor.热使水变成蒸气。②TurnthissentenceintoEnglish.turnon打开turnoff关turnup调高turndown调低turnaround转身byturns轮流地inturn依次turnin上交It’sone’sturntodosth.17.asteelfactory一家钢铁厂waterpollution水污染airpollution空气污染noisepollution噪音污染18.putthewasteintotheriver把废料扔进河putaway收好puton穿上putoff推迟/延DowCorningZhangjiagangCoLtdConfidential-PROPRIETARY2期19.realizetheproblem意识到问题19.takeactiontoimprovethesituation采取行动改善情况20.muchcleaner干净得多21.insomeways在某种程度上inthisway以这种方式ontheway(to)在……的路上bytheway顺便说下noway没门inanyway无论如何22.haveabeautifulmoderntown拥有一个美丽现代化的城镇23.mostofmyoldfriends我的大多数老朋友24.moveaway搬走25.Ithasbecomeimpossibleforustoseeeachotherasoftenasbefore.ItisnecessaryforustostudyEnglishhard.Itiskindofyoutohelpus.若形容词是描述行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用ofsb.。若形容词仅仅是描述事物,用forsb.，difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。seeeachotherasoftenasbefore和过去一样频繁的见到彼此26.playcardsandChinesechess打牌，下中国象棋27.feelabitlonelyfromtimetotime有时感到有点孤feelabitlonely感到有点孤单fromtimetotime=attimes=sometimes有时abit和alittle“稍微”、“有点”,修饰形容词、副词。在肯定句中可以互换.alittle直接修饰不可数名词;而abit修饰名词时,其后须加上of,构成“abitof+n.”结构。例如:HeknowsabitofFrench.abit和alittle的否定式意义正好相反。notabit=notatall,意为“毫不”;而notalittle=verymuch,意为“非常”,“很”。例如:Heisnotabittired.他一点不累。Heisnotalittletired.他很累。afew/few用在复数可数名词之前，little/alittle用在不可数名词之前。Hetookafewbiscuits.(肯定)Hetookfewbiscuits(否定)Hetookalittlebutter.((肯定)Hetooklittlebutter.(否定)28.theamazingchanges令人惊奇的改变29.becauseofbeingalone因为独自一人.lonely,alone的区别：lonely作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞,lonely修饰地点时，意：“荒凉的，偏僻的”。alone指单独、独自的意思，作表语。例如：Heisalone,butheneverfeelslonely.30.agroupofbuildingswithstreetsonallsides街道两边全是高楼31.allone’slife一生Grammar32.repairovertenbicycles修十多辆自行车33.thechangesinBeijing北京的变化34.overthepastcentury上个世纪期间35.learnmoreabout更多了解关于……36hearabout/of听说hearfromsb.收到某人来信37.plantodosth.计划做某事Integratedskills38.cleanandfreshair干净新鲜空气39.livingcondition居住环境40.railwaystation火车站41.traveltoandfromthetownbybus乘公交进出城镇42.anotherbigchange另一个大变化43.moveintonewflats搬进新的公寓moveoutof…搬出…44.returnfromtheUSA从美国回来returnsth.tosb.把某物归还给某人45.goabroad出国，去国外athomeorabroad在国内外46.atprimaryschool在小学47.keepintouchwitheachother互相保持联络48.communicatebyemail通过电子邮件交流49.makecommunicationmucheasier使沟通更容易communicatewithsb.和某人保持联系StudySkills50.be/getusedto(doing)sth习惯于（干）某事getusedtothechangesoflife习惯了生活的变化51.takeplace发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)52.greenhillsallaround到处都是绿山53.ariverrunsthroughthecentreoftown一条小河穿过镇中心54.onone’sown=byoneself=alone独自Task55、throwrubbish扔垃圾56、insomelargeopenspaces在一些大的开DowCorningZhangjiagangCoLtdConfidential-PROPRIETARY3阔的地方57、intheirfreetime在他们业余时间58、travelaroundthetown在镇里转转59、havetheirowncars=havecarsoftheirown有他们自己的汽车60.narrowanddirtyroads又窄又脏的公路61.wideandcleanstreets宽阔而干净的街道62.greentreesonbothsides两边绿树63.enjoyacomfortablelife享受舒服的生活Unit2TravellingComicstrip&Welcometotheunit词组：1.gotospfora/one’sholiday去某地度假gotoSouthHillformyholidaybeonholiday在度假2.havebeentosp去过某地（已经回来）HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?你曾经去过北京吗？havegonetosp去了某地（还没回来）HehasgonetoShanghai已经去了上海3.joinsbindoingsth加入某人去做某事joinus/you4.getreadyforsth.为……做好准备getreadytodosth.5.Iamgettingallmythings.我正在收拾东西。6.takethebag拿上包takesth.withsb.随身携带7.Idon’tthinkit’llbeaholidayforme.Idon’tthinkit’sagoodidea.8.thecapitalof…的首都9.What’sspecialaboutthisbook?这本书有什么特别的？10.comefromastorybysb来自某人写的一个故事11.placeofinterest名胜CanyoutellmesomeplacesofinterestinNanjin