您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 项目/工程管理 > 高考英语图表类作文写作技巧讲解
第1页共10页高考英语图表类作文写作技巧讲解一、考点分析图表作文以说明文和议论文为主。考查时要求学生根据所给的图表、数据等进行分析,阅读文字和说明,然后组织语言进行写作,得出令人信服的结论,必要时还要加入个人观点。二、专题详解1)文体一:说明文文体特点:(重事实)说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,用简洁明了的语言来解释说明事物,阐明事理。它要求语言要简明扼要,客观准确。框架:第一段:概括说明内容常用的词有:1.table,apiechart饼图,abarchart柱状图,graph,survey,picture2.describe,show,represent,illustrate,reveal,3.figure,statistic,number,percentage,proportion常用的开篇句型(即概述图表内容时常用的表达法):1.Thegraph/chart/tableaboveshows/describes/illustratesthat...2.Fromtheabovegraph/chart,itcanbeseenthat…3.Asshowninthegraph/survey,…4.Thechart/tableshowsthedifferencesbetween…5.Ilaunchedaninquiryinto…/Iconductedasurveyon…/to…第二段:描述变化情况并分析引起变化的因素A.写作关键:第2页共10页1.对比分析,寻找数据的变化规律;2.筛选数据这些数据是否具有典型代表性、是否需要一一列出?一般而言首尾数字以及增减值是必需的;3.强调数据间的关系,突出变化。B.常用词汇和套语:a.描写数据变化常用套语:增加:1.Therewasagreat/stable/slightincrease/risein…倍数:2.Thenumber/ratehasnearlydoubled,comparedwiththatoflastyear.3.Thenumberis…timesasmuchasthatof….保持不变:4.In1985,thenumberremainedthesame.减少:5.Therewasagradual/sharpdeclinein1989.分别列举:6.Thenumbers/percentagesare…and…respectively.b.说明因果关系表示原因:as/since/dueto/owningto/thanksto/because(of)进一步解释:thatistosay/toputitanotherway表示结果:therefore/thus/asaresult(consequence),sothat提示例证:(take…)forexample/instance,…suchas(一般不用于句首),常用套语:提出第一个原因:第3页共10页Thefirstreasoncanbeseenbyeveryperson.Thefirstandmostimportantreason/Oneofthepremiercausesisthat…解释某一种现象:…isthecauseof……mainly/partiallycontribute(s)tothetendencyof……account(s)forthefact/phenomenon…总括性解释原因:Thereexist…reasons,whichmayaccountforthisdifference.Thereasonsforthephenomenonmaybeasfollows:Thereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthin….例证:Thispointcanbeconfirmedbythefact/exampleof+nn+isacaseinpoint.第三段:总结归纳/提议/提出解决办法结尾常用套语1.Inmyopinion/Personally/AsfarasI’mconcerned2.Inshort/Inbrief/Inaword/Inconclusion/Insummary/Tosumup,3.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat…4.Obviously,ifwewantto…,itisnecessary…/Thereisnodoubtthatattentionmustbepaid…2)文体二:议论文文体特点:(重说理)议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体。论证讲求逻辑合理,例证充分。第4页共10页框架:第一段:概括图表内容:第二段:分析引起变化的因素(原因)常用连接词:顺序:Tobeginwith....Inaddition/Furthermore/Moreover,...First(ofall)/aboveall,…Second/Then/Next,…Finally…平行:aswellas,togetherwith,notonly…butalso...选择:or,either...or…顺接:besides/what’smore/inaddition/also/moreover/worsestill转折:however,but,otherwise(否则),nevertheless(然而)eg:Theresultmaybeunexpected;nevertheless,itistrue.对比:while/unlike/by/incontrast,…(句间对比)eg:Themedicalfacilitiesinbigcitiesaremostlyadvanced.Incontrast,theircounterpartsinthecountrytendtobeoflowerquality.条件:if,onthecondition(that),aslongas,unless让步:though,inspiteof(尽管,对已存在的状况让步)evenif(即使,对还没发生的状况让步)第三段:总结归纳/提议/提出解决办法其他注意点:1)图表的参照时间和所使用的单位;2)从而正确选用时态。一般而言,没有参照时间的表格和图表常用一般现在时,有参照时间的一般选用一般过去式;3)语态上可以选择被动语态,以凸显客观性。第5页共10页例文1:根据以下图画,写一篇英语短文,描述今昔通讯方式的变化,以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。注意:1.词数:120左右2.生词:通讯:communicate(withsb.)vi.communicationn.互联网:theInternetn.分析从材料的呈现方式(两幅图对比)及材料所提供的要求“描述变化及影响”可知,本文应该用说明文体来写作。难点:时态一般情况下,说明文应用一般现在时,但本文描述的是今昔通讯方式的变化,所以在描写过去通讯方式的时候要用一般过去时,例如inthepast,peoplekeptintouchwitheachothermainlybywritinglettersorusingthepublictelephone及Itusedtotakeseveraldaystohearfromeachother.在描写过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响时,谓语动词要用现在完成时,例如本文的起始句可用“Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthewayofcommunicationinpeople’slifeinrecentyears”及讲述影响的过渡句“withthesechanges,people’spaceoflifehasbeenquickenedandpeople’sworkhasbeenmademoreefficient”.范文:第6页共10页Asshowninthepictures,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthewayofcommunicationinpeople’slifeinrecentyears.Inthepast,peoplekeptintouchwitheachothermainlybywritinglettersorusingthepublictelephone.Butnowalmosteveryonehashisownmobilephone.Peoplecancommunicatewitheachotheralmostatanyplaceandatanytime.What’smore,peoplehaveeasyaccesstotheInternet,whichenablesthemtosendandreceivee-mailswhenevertheylike.Withthesechanges,people’spaceoflifehasbeenquickenedandpeople’sworkhasbeenmademoreefficient.Itusedtotakeseveraldaystohearfromeachother,butnowittakesonlyseveralminutes,eveniftheyareintwodifferentcontinents.Inaword,peoplehaveaneasierlifenowadays.3例文2:假如你在自己的班级就校服问题进行了调查(survey),下面是调查结果的统计表,请参考该表写一篇题为ReportontheSurveyaboutOurSchoolUniform的报告。注意:1.报告必须包含调查表中的主要内容,可以适当增加细节,使内容连贯。2.字数120字左右指导:这是属于典型的表格作文,题材贴近考生的生活实际,而且要点已经给出。步骤一:审题:按照表格的内容写一篇说明文。步骤二:根据要点编写提纲。第7页共10页1.conductedasurvey,schooluniform,whethertheylikeit;2.majority,60%ofthem,fashionable,fancycolor,neatandtidy,asymbolofstudent,feelequal,noneedtocompareblindly;3.feeluncomfortable,dull,old-fashioned,simplestyle4.havenoidea步骤三:将要点扩展成句。1.Iconductedasurveyaboutourschooluniform.Myaimistolearnwhethertheylikeitornot.2.Themajoritylikeit.60%ofthemsayitisfashionable.Thecolorisfancy.Theythinkitisneatandtidyandservesasasymbolofstudent.Othersholdthatwefeelequalwhendressedinuniform.Thereisnoneedtocompareblindly.3.30%ofmyclassmatesdon'tliketheschooluniform.Theysaytheyfeelituncomfortabletowearschooluniform.Thecolorisdull.Itisold-fashioned.Thestyleistoosimple.4.Therestofthemhavenoideasaboutit.Theyfeelithardtodecidewhethertheylikeitornot.步骤四:运用合适的关联词、过渡语连句成文。最后进行适当的润色和修改。范文:IconductedasurveyaimingtoRecently,amongourclassmatesaboutourschooluniform,learnwhethertheylikeitornot.Tomyrel
本文标题:高考英语图表类作文写作技巧讲解
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-6747529 .html