高考英语动词时态

EnglishBasicTenses(时态)他每天都来。他昨天来了.他已经来了.他明天来.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.Hecomeseveryday.语态时态主动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时.一般过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成进行时v./v-s/esV-edwill+vwould+v.had+donehave/has+donehave/hasbeen+V-ingam/is/are+V-ingwas/were+V-ing一:一般现在时定义:一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态一般现在时的构成1、主语+be动词+其他2、主语+V原形+其他（do)3、主语+Vs\es+其他(does)具体运用11.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,twiceaweek\seldom\onceamonth\onSundaysIstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。(☆注意★：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。)Theteachersaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.具体运用2具体运用33表示格言或警句中。Eg.1Pride____(go)beforeafall.Eg.2Columbusprovedthattheearth____(be)round.4汽车、飞机、会议等按时刻表将要发生的事。Thetrain(start)atthreethisafternoon.Themeeting(hold)at2:00p.m.everyday.5在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现。Ifit___(be)finetomorrow,we_______(go)tothecountryside.Ifhe______(come)thisafternoon，we__________(have)ameeting.1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work--works,live--lives,play--plays,sing--sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.2、以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词词尾加-esteach------teaches,wash-----washes.go-----goespass----passesfix---fixeseg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.动词变化规律3.以辅音字母加Y结尾的词，把Y变I在加ES，Studyflystudiesflies4.特殊情况：havehas1——Didyougetonworkontime?——Sure.Thecitycenterwasn’tascrowdedthismorningasitusually____.AwasBisChasbeenDhadbeen2.Ingeneral,mosttennis____onhardcourtsoronclay.A.playsB.isplayedC.hasplayedD.hasbeenpalyed3.——Whatareyourrulesforcarry-onluggage,Madam?——You____onlyonepieceofluggageonthepalne,Sir.A.allowB.allowedC.areallowedD.wereallowed4.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainD.isn’train5.He’llstayinBeijingtillhisaunt___well.AwillgetBwillbeCgetsDremains6.It’s6o’clockinthemorning.It’stime___________.A.getupB.gotupC.togetupD.getsupExample:I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways________(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_______(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_______(be)happyatthattime.导入之二：Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?二：一般过去时1.定义:动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。I___12yearsoldthisyear.I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.He____inShanghaiyesterday.Pleaselookatthesentences(be)They____(be)inChinatoday.They____(be)inJapanyesterday.am/iswasarewereI____(have)eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.I____(have)noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.He_____(have)fruiteveryday.He_____(have)3applesyesterday.have/hashadI(get)upat6:30everymorning.I___(get)upat9:00lastSunday.He___(play)footballeveryafternoon.He_____(play)basketballyesterdayafternoon.He___(do)hishomeworkeveryevening.He____(do)somereadinglastnight.动词原形、第三人称单数动词过去式2:谓语构成1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式was,werehaddid一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外)Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成规则变化1.一般加ed2.以e结尾加dwork—workedchange—changed3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加edstudy—studied4.不规则变化规则动词过去式-ed的发音1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/work/w3:k/edt/2.在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/play/pleI/live/lIv/edd/edd/3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/visit/’vIzIt/edId/finishedenjoyedshoutedmovedhelpedwantedcalledneeded/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：He___(get)homeatteno’clocklastnight.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的间状语连用：Ioften____(getup)veryearlyatthattime.3:用法3.表示已故人所做的事情。ComradeLeiFeng___(do)gooddeedsinhislife.4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。MissLiu(get)upatseveno’clockthismorning,____(dress),(have)breakfast,and___(go)towork.1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago4.用于一般过去时的时间状语lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.与last连用3.与yesterday连用：4.与one连用：onemorningeveningdayMondayafternoon5.与that连用：thatmorningwinterdayyearjustnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime6.其他时间状语：1.____you________(remember)tobuytheorangesyesterday?2.Who________(invent)thecomputer?3.We_____(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm_____(be)verygood.4.Whattime____you____(get)toschoolthismorning?5.Jim___(do)alotyesterday.He____(go)shoppingand______(cook)supper.用动词的适当时态填空6.Heusually____(get)upat6inthemorning.Look!He______(get)upnow.Butyesterdayhe____(get)upverylate,sohe____(go)toschoollate.He___(be)lateforschool.一般过去时用在虚拟语气中1（事实：我不可能是你）IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.2（事实：不知道）IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.2．（事实：不知能否下雪）IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.3.（事实：不知道她是否会来）IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.Wouldrather从句中wouldrather后可接从句，从句用一般过去式，即1wouldrathersb.didsth.表示宁愿某人现在或将来要做某事；He’dratheryoucameonFriday.2wouldrathersb.haddonesth.表示宁愿某人过去做过某事。如：I’dratheryouhadn’ttoldhimthenewsthatday.Itis（high/about）timethat从句中（该做…的时候了）Ithinkitistimethattheyweretaughtalesson.ItistimeIwasinbed.也可以用should+动原should不省犹如picture导入之三：HowwillyouspendyourNationalholiday?Iwill…I’mgoingto…三.一般将来时1.结构：肯定句：