M5U2-Grammar-and-usage

必修5Verb-ingformasanadjectiveoradverbVerb-ingphrasesTolearnhowaverb-ingformcanbeusedasanadjectiveoradverbTolearnhowtouseaverb-ingphraseTolearnhowtousetheverb-ingformandverb-ingphrasesindifferentsituationsReviewthesesentences.1.Printouttheworksheet;2.Cutthemoutandmixthemup.3.Letstudentspeakoutthesesentences.ForexampleOthertypesofflowintoriverandsealifekillingwasteourwaterWatchandObserveUnderlinetheV-ingformandpayattentiontotheusages.V-ing作宾语V-ing作宾语V-ing作宾语my是V-ing的逻辑主语V-ing作宾语V-ing作状语V-ing短语作主语（)V-ing作定语V-ing作宾语V-ing作宾语V-ing作宾语V-ing作宾语Observethesentencesyouhavelearned.1.We’regoingtovisitsomanyexcitingplacesanddolotsofextraordinarythings.(Unit2,Book2)2.Therearealotofamazingadventurestohaveandplacestoseeintheworld.(Unit2,Book2)3.Uponfinishinghisstudies,hestartedtravelinginChina.(Unit1,Book1)4.WitnessesalsosaytheysawJustinwalkingtowardshishouseat10.45p.m.(Unit1,Book2)5.TheChineseledthewayatthe2008BeijingOlympics,winning51goldmedals.(Unit2,Book4)6.Bythe1920s,hehadbecomeanexplorer,searchingforthetombsoftheEgyptiankings.(Unit3,Book2)7.Shecouldfeelherheartbeatingwithfear.(Unit1,Book3)1.We’regoingtovisitsomany_________(excite)placesanddolotsofextraordinarythings.2.Therearealotof________(amaze)adventurestohaveandplacestoseeintheworld.3.Upon________(finish)hisstudies,hestartedtravelinginChina.Fillintheblankswithappropriatewords.excitingamazinggoReady?finishing4.WitnessesalsosaytheysawJustin_______(walk)towardshishouseat10.45p.m.5.TheChineseledthewayatthe2008BeijingOlympics,_______(win)51goldmedals.6.Bythe1920s,hehadbecomeanexplorer,_________(search)forthetombsoftheEgyptiankings.7.Shecouldfeelherheart_______(beat)withfear.walkingwinningsearchingbeating[语境展示]1.a.MikeheldaburningstickandTomcarriedagun.b.Theresultsofthesurveyledtosomesurprisingconclusions.c.TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMaryisourteacher.2.a.Thestoryhetoldusisveryinteresting.b.Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.c.Itwasamazingtoseesomanyrareanimalsandplantsinthezoo.Wecanuseaverb-ing/averb-ingphraseas:3.a.Shecaughtthemstealingherapples.b.Theboyisfoundveryannoying.c.Ikepthimwaitingtwentyminutesatthegateofthepark.4.a.Havingfinishedallhishomework,hewenttoplayfootballwithhisfriends.b.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.c.Hisparentsdiedinatrafficaccident,leavinghimwithfouryoungerbrothersandsisters.d.Iftravellingnorth,youmustchangeplanesatLeeds.timereasonresultcondition动词-ing形式在功能上具有形容词或副词的特点，在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。1.作定语动词-ing形式可用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词。Thisisanamazingdiscovery.还可将副词置于动词-ing形式前，修饰动词-ing形式。It’sanextremelyinterestingbook.副词或名词可以和动词-ing形式一起构成复合词，作定语。Awood-burningstovedoesharmtotheenvironment.动词-ing形式也可用于名词后，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词。此时动词-ing形式可以改写为定语从句。Themantalkingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.=Themanwhoistalkingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.2.作表语动词-ing形式作表语多表示主语所具有的特征或属性，这时通常可以把其看作形容词。Hisjobisboring.Thenoisewasfrightening.Thenewswasreallyexciting.Thestoryhetolduswasreallyterrifying.3.作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系。在英语中，常见的能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel,smell,watch,see,hear,notice,catch,leave,find,keep,have等。Isawhimplayingontheplaygroundatthistimeyesterday.Weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting.4.作状语动词-ing形式后面跟宾语和/或状语，构成动词-ing短语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随等。Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedforjoy.(时间状语)Livingfarfromtheschool,Ihavetogetupearlyeverymorning.(原因状语)Shefelloffthebike,breakingherleftleg.(结果状语)Whileworkingonanewinvention,Edisonmade8,000testswithoutsuccess.连词+动词-ing短语也可以用来表示时间。常用的连词有when、whenever、while、once和until。5.独立(主格)结构通常情况下，动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语（即动词-ing动作的发出者）要与句子的主语保持一致；如不一致，则可用动词-ing的独立（主格）结构作状语，即“名（代）词+动词-ing”，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。Weatherpermitting,wewillhaveafootballmatchtomorrow.6.动词-ing形式的不同形式Havingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime.Nothavingdoneitashetoldusto,wewerescolded.动词-ing形式的否定式是由not+动词-ing形式。动词-ing形式的完成形式having+V-ed。Hesatthere,notknowingwhattosay.请用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Generally__________(speak),womenlivelongerthanmen.2.____________(notknow)whereherdaughterwas,Marywenttothepoliceforhelp.3.________(tell)youthetruth,yourbehaviordrovememad.4.Therearetworoadsbeforeus,one________(lead)tothehill,theothertothepark.5.Unless_________(pay)bycreditcard,pleasepayincash.6.Wedon’tconsideritpossible________(set)backtheclockofhistory.speakingNotknowingTotellleadingpayingtoset7._________________(notreceive)areply,hedecidedtowritealettertotheteacheragain.8.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,________(cause)seriousfloodsinseveralprovinces.9.Theteasmells__________(invite)andtastesfresh.10.Iwatchedtheathlete_______(jump)fromthedivingboardintotheswimmingpool.11.Shegot_________(know)themwhile_________(attend)aconferenceinBeijing.12.Justlookattherain________(pour)down!NothavingreceivedcausinginvitingjumpingtoknowattendingpouringTimeforreflection1.Wecanuseaverb-ingas:____________,_____________,_____________________and____________.2.Theperfectformofaverb-ingis_______________.3.Verb-ingphrasescanexpress:______,________,_______and_________.theattributivethepredicativetheadverbialtheobjectcomplementhav