非限制性定语从句

1Period4非限制性定语从句一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词指人who(that)whom指物which(that)人和物的whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句E.g.Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.(若把从句去掉,句子就失去意义)Hisdaughter,whoisinLondonnow,iscominghomenextweek.(若把从句去掉,句子意义仍然完整)比较：Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.(姐姐不止一个Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.(只有一个姐姐)二、which引导的非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。E.g.Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.Sheisalwayslateforclass,whichmakestheteacherangry.Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.Thisisourclassroom,infrontofwhichstandsabigtree.三、as引导的定语从句（1）as用作关系词引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中做主语、表语和状语，构成thesame...as,such...as(as在从句中作主语，宾语，表语)等结构。Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.试比较：A:Heissuchagoodstudent__alltheteacherslikehim.B:Heissuchagoodstudent__alltheteacherslike.A:ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.B:ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.（2）as引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语、表语和宾语，这个定语从句说明整个句子，可以放在主句之前、之中和之后。Theexperimentisveryimportant,asindeeditis.Asisknowntoall,hestudiesveryhard.Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.常用于这种类似插入语的句式有asissaidabove,asisalreadymentionedabove,asisknowntoall,asitis,asisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaperetc.从句可以在主句之前、之后；as同样要作句子成分（主语或宾语）但先行词往往是整个主句。注意：which和as的区别：2①which不能放在句首，而as则可以；②在句中时，as有“正如”、“就像”之意，而which没有。Helikestellingjokesinclass,makeshisclassveryinteresting.Hewaslateagain,___isoftenthecase.四、where引导定语从句时，先行词既可以是明确的地点，也可以是抽象的地点，或指某种状态或场合。常见的先行词有：situation,point,case,occasion,stage,activity,system,job,sports,family,etc.E.g.Itisajobwhereyouaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.高一非限制性定语从句练习一、用适当的关系词填空。1．Dickisgoingtojoininthefootballgame，____wasagreedatthemeeting．2．HereachedBeijingin1998，____，sometimelater，hebecameaprofessor．3．____issaidabove，thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolhasincreased．4．Writealettertoafriend，____hassomedifficultieswithhisstudies．5．Therearefourroomsinthehouse，____isadrawingroom．6．Wewillmoveintothenewhousenextweek，____itwillbecompleted．7．Heisamodelworker，____wecanlearnalot．8．Theyhadtodelaythesportsmeettillnextweek，____theweatherwillbefine．9．Theworkers，____stayedtherefortwoyears，camefromAfrica．10．Thebuildingoverthereisahospital，____isasmallriver．11．WeshallhavetomakeadecisionaboutMsKing，____storyI'vejusttoldyou．12．TheNile，____electricityisproduced，nowrunsregularlybelowtheda二、把两个简单句合成一个含非限制性定语从句的复合句。1．Manypeoplearegoingondiets.Someofthemarenotoverweight.2.Chinahashundredsofislands.ThelargestofthemisTaiwan.3.Ihavetwobooks.BothofthemwereboughtinAmerica.4.Thebravemanisagoodhunter.Thetigerwasshotbyhim.5.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall.Hecouldseewhatitwasgoingoninsidethehousethroughit.6.Janereceivedaninvitationfromherboss.Itcameasasurprise.7.IlikeNanjing.Ithasmanyfamousplacesofinterest.8.Thisisahighmountain.Itstopisalwayscoveredbysnow.9.Mymotheroftengoestogym.Sheworksouttokeepfitthere.310.Hefailedoncemoreinthematch.Itwasagreatpity.三、单项选择。1.I’mtakingsomeweight-losspills,_______arequitepopularhere.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.which/that2.Hisdaughter,_______isinBeijingnow,iscominghomenextweek.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who3.Mycousin,_______bodyisslim,stillwantstolosesomeweight.A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.which4.Mypillsareinthebathroom,______Ialwayskeepthem.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.who5.We’llputofftheoutinguntilnextmonth,______Amyfeelsbetter.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that6.Myuncle,_______Itoldyouaboutyesterday,isanengineerandisworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.who/whom7.Hepassedtheexam,________surprisedallofus.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that8.Jimchangedhismind,______mademeveryangry.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that9.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown,______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when10.Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcenter,______isalwaysbusyattheweekend.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which11.UncleTomlivesinamountainousvillage,______istwohours’ridefromhere.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.that12.I’mleavingforTaiyuanonSunday,_______happenstobemybirthday.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.it13.Itwasrainingheavily,_______keptmeindoorsthewholeday.A.thisB.thatC.whichD.who14.Mike,______hobbyistravelling,hasdecidedtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth.A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.who15.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_______wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose16.Chinahaslotsofislands,one_______isTaiwan.A.ofwhichB.ofthatC.fromwhichD.fromthat17.Hepaidtheboys10yuanforwashingtenwindows,mostof______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.whomB.thatC.whichD.those18.MadamCurie,for_____lifehadbeenveryhardearlyinherlife,wasthefirstpersonintheworldtoreceivetwoNobelPrizes.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.whom419.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,_____othervisitorsseldomgo.A.whatB.whenC.wh