同位语从句讲解-PPT

名词性从句之三--同位语从句由NordriDesign提供一、概念同位语VS同位语从句同位语：LauraMyers,aBBCreporter,askedforaninterview.LongYingtai,afamouswriter,divorcedherhusband.Wehavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.Mr.Lincaresforusstudentsverymuch.Moreexamples?一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词进行说明或解释，这个名词(或其它形式)就是另一个名词的同位语。同位语在主句中的作用相当于被修饰的名词的作用。如：同位语的三种形式Donna,thecheerleader,receivedabighugfromthefamousfootballer.ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.Thenewsthattheoilpricewillgodownisuntrue.(同位语从句）1.名词作同位语Donna,thecheerleader,receivedabighugfromthefamousfootballer.2.短语作同位语Whoisthatman,thefirstinthefrontrow?3.句子作同位语Thenewsthattheoilpricewillgodownisuntrue.(同位语从句）1.名词作同位语2.短语作同位语3.句子作同位语二、同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，同位语从句在主句中的作用相当于被修饰的名词的作用。例：Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.Thethoughtthattheycouldacrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.Ihavenoideawherehelives.析：theyhadwonthegame说明Thenews的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。同位语从句的先行词被同位语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词，常见到的先行词有：•advice，announcement,answer,belief，•chance,conclusion•demand,doubt,decision,evidence，explanation•fact，feeling•hope,idea,information,impression•message,news•order,opinion,•problem,promise,proposal,possibility•question,•request,report,rumor,reason•suggestion,thought•wish,word,warning这些词有什么共同点？同位语从句的引导词•同位语从句的引导词有：•that,whether，what,which,who•when,where,how,why1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）•例：Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）•例：We'lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式““为什么”等含义，应用when,where,how,why等词引导同位语从句。•例：Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.•Theyraisedanotherquestionwhereweshouldgetthemoney.•HehadnoideahowJoemanagedtogetoutofthewell.•Thequestionwhysomanyanimalsdiedsuddenlyinthatarearemainsunsettled.Exercises:•1.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.•A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which•2.Thefact____hewassuccessfulproveshisability.•A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why•3.Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.•A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when•4.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.•A.whichB.thatC./D.it•5.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.•A.whenB.thatC.whatD./•.√√√√√需注意的情况：◆有时候主句的谓语比较短，同位语从句比较长，这个从句就不一定紧接在它所说明的名词后面。•如：WordcamethatourChinesewomenteamhadbeatenJapanese.•Thestorygoesthatthelostchildhasgoneabroad.•Thethoughtcametohimthatthecriminalmighthavefled.同位语从句与定语从句的区别一、That引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别1.所表达的内容不同1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.同：先行词的具体内容定：先行词的性质、特征等1.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.2.Thesuggestion（that)theyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.2.在句中所起的语法作用不同同：that是连词，不充当任何成分，但不能省略定：that是关系代词，充当主语、宾语等，作宾语时可省略•二、whenwherewhy引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别•whenwherewhy引导的定语从句，分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。•ThephotoremindsmeofthetimewhenIworkedfortheSouthernWeekly.•Wehavenoideawhenhecamein.同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示命令、请求、建议的名词后面所跟的同位语从句必须用虚拟语气，动词形式为（should）+动词原形theyreceivedordersthatthework(should)bedoneatonce.他们接到了立即干这个工作的命令。Thisisouronlyrequestthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。Mysuggestionthatwe__________________(send)moreworkerstohelpthemiswellreceived.我提出的我们应派更多的工人去帮助他们的建议很受欢迎。（should）send1.Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句判断以下是什么从句谢谢大家！Thanksforyourcooperation!