短文改错考题分析与对策

1.词数在100字左右；2.以书信、日记、记叙文为主；3.短文为常见话题或学生身边事；4.语言简单易懂，难度符合中学生水平；5.以考查学生书面表达中的常见错误为主；6.出题涉及面广，但动词（包括非谓语动词）、名词、连词、形容词或副词的考查较多；7.标点符号、语序、单词拼写一般不作要求。高考短文改错命题特点高考短文改错要求增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。例如:Itwasverynicetogetyourinvitationtospend^weekendwiththeyou.LuckilyIwascompletelyfreethen,soI’lltosay“yes”.I’llarriveaminBristolataround8pminamFridayevening.onthankyou----thanksget---togetdidn’t例如:Itisverynicetogetyourinvitationtospendweekendwithyou.LuckilyIwascompletelyfreerecently,soI’llsay“yes”.I’llarriveinBristolataround8pminFridayeveningsin3dayslater.注意：以下为不规范答题，均不给分theamon三种情况：错词YourknowledgesofGreececanhelpthewholeclass.多词Thebossmadeworkerstowork10hoursaday.缺词Hepunishedbytheteacheryesterday.knowledgewas错误设置及考点分布两大类型：语法错误词法错误句法错误逻辑错误书面表达改错：1.Campusviolenthaveattractedmanyattentionsfrompeople.2.Everystudentshouldlearnsomeknowledgesabouthowdealwiththisproblem.3.Whenwecomeacrosstheviolence,weshouldtakesomemeasuresincludingcalmdown,judgeourconditionandthepossibledangerous.4.Weshouldcallthe110forhelpintime.hasmuchattentionknowledgetocalmingjudgingdangers错误类型分析◆一、时态1.Mysoccercoachretiredlastweek.Iwantedtodosomethingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.Mymummakesthebestbiscuitsintheworld,soIdecidetoaskherforhelp.2.Sheknowswhathadhappened,butshethankedmeandnevermentioneditagain.3.Sincethen—foralltheseyears—wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.decidedknewhave◆二、名词1.LastSundaymorning,whenIwashavingawalkintheparknearmyhome,Icameacrossacrewmakinganewfilmwithoneofmyfavoriteactor.2.Mybrotherwassofondofthemuseumstherethathebeggedmyparentstostayanothercoupleofday.3.TodayIvisitedtheSmiths—myfirsttimevisittoanAmericanfamily.4.Tomwashavingmuchtroublesgettingupinthemorningandwasalwayslateforwork.actorsdaystrouble◆三、动词1.Bookscanbekeepforfourweeksandyouhavetoreturnthembeforetheendofthismonth.2.Becauseofsomuchviewing,childrenmaynotbedevelopthehabitofreadingandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.3.Icouldn’tbelievemyluck---notonlydidIhadmyphototakenwithhim,buthesignedhisnameonmyshirt!4.TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestions.arekepthave◆四、不定冠词（a,an）1.adog,anelephant,anumbrella2.强调类别Thereisapictureonthewall.3.第一次提到某人或某物Anelephantisstrongerthanahorse.4.在计数单位的名词前，“每一”Wehavethreemealsaday.5.专有名词前，表示不认识某人AZhangcalledyoujustnow.6序数词前，表示“又一，再一”Letmetryafourthtime.◆四、定冠词(the)1.在单数的普通名词前，表示一类人或事物。Thehorseisausefulanimal.2.特指某人或物Thebookonthedeskismine.3.指上文提到的人或物，或指说话双方都熟知的人或物。Canyouseethemountaininthedistance?Isawafilmlastnight.Thefilmisveryinteresting.4.指世界上独一无二的事物，或用在序数词、形容词最高级，乐器前或方位名词前。thesun/themoon/theworld/theearthHelivesonthefifteenth15thfloor.Jerryistheyoungestinourclass.Heplaysthepianoeveryday.intheeast/ontheright5.在江河、湖、海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等名词前theGreatHallofthePeople，theGreatWall，theUnitedNations，theYellowRiver6.用在某些形容词前表示一类人therich/thepoor/theyoung/theold7.用在逢十的复数数词前，表示年代inthe1990s8用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示某家人或夫妇（俩）theBlacks(布莱克一家)9用于遭受到击、打、抓的人体某一部位的名词前catchsb.bythearm(抓住胳膊)◆四、零冠词1.专有名词、物质名词、复数名词、人名、国名、地名前不用冠词。BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,air2.季节、月份、星期几、节假日，一日三餐前Springiscoming.March,Sunday,NationalDay3.表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Mom/ChairmanMao/MissLi4.学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前Englishisaninterestingsubject.Helikesplayingfootball/chess.5.与by连用表示交通工具的名词前bytrain,byair6.表示泛指的复数名词前Horsesareusefulanimals.7.在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、公园名等名词前。LondonBridge，ZhongshanRoad，BeihaiPark.◆四、冠词1.Ifyou’dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbemorethanhappytobeyourguide.2.LittleTonysawatoyinashopwindow.Sometimelaterhemissedhisparentsandbegantocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.3.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.4.AllthevolunteerswilldothecleaningjobontheZhongshanRoad.athea◆五、介词1.Althoughwe’vebeendelightedtohaveyouasneighbors,we’rehopingtosettlesomethingthatbotherstous.2.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.3.Thankyouverymuchforshowingusaroundyourcityandprovidingusforthewonderfulmeals.4.Youcanseethousandsofbikesrunninginthere.5.LuckilyIhadallmymoneyonmypocket,buttheonlyclothesIhadwerethoseIhadon.towithinsit◆六、代词1.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.2.IthinkIlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks.3.Itisknowntoallthatsmokingisharmfultoweteenagers.4.Davidpointedtoapathwhichitwouldprobablyleadtoavillage.5.MyfriendandIoftenhungouttogetherinweekends.Eitherofuslikedplayingguitar.ittheyusBoththeon◆七、从句及并列连词1.MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomebiscuitsonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.2.Ididn’thavemycamerawithmeatthattime,butIrushedbackhometogetit.3.Inthepastfewyearswhenwe’veplantedthousandsoftreesalongtheriver.4.Iboughtmyticketbutturnedaroundtopickupmybagformthefloor.ThenIrealizedthatsomeonehadstolenit.5.There,Katiawillintroducemetosomeofherfriends,oneofwhohasbeentoChinaseveraltimes.Ijustcan’twait.whensoandwhom◆八、主谓一致1.Ourteacher,withallhisstudents,aregoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.2.LuckilyIhadallmymoneyinmypocket,buttheonlyclothesIhadwasthoseIhadon.3.Katia,likemanyotherRussiangirls,arenice