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SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION201135,,、。,,,、、。,。,,:(m)(M):T=2πM+13mk姨;T酆T=2πMk姨,,Ae-βt;Tθ。。、、,。1,T=2πM/k姨,(M)(k)。、(m),1.1,f=-γvx=-γdxdt(γ),:Md2xd2t=-kx-γdxdtw0=kMβ=γ/2Md2xd2t+2βdxdt+w02x=0(1),β<w0,x=Ae-βtcos(w′+α)(2)w′=w02-β2姨(2)Ae-βt,cos(w′t+α)w′,,,T′=2πw′=2πw02-β2姨(3)T=2πw0。。1:1,。(M)(m),M=180.45g,k1=k2=2.392N/m,T=2πM(k1+k2)姨=2π0.180452.392×2姨=1.2203(s)2T=2.51902.51832.51832.51852.51832.51862.51892.51902.51902.5143圯T軈=1.2591(s):T軈-TT×100%=1.2591-1.22031.2203×100%=3.18%TT。1.2,,2。2M,l0,k,λ=ml0,MA,x觶,ldlll0A,ll0x觶,,,:Ek1=l0乙12λdl(ll0x觶)2=12·m3x觶2MEk2=12Mx觶2Ep=12kx2,12Mx觶2+12·m3x觶2+12·kx2=ct,:M+m3乙乙x咬+kx=0ω2=kM+m3乙乙x咬+ω2x=0:T=2πω=2πM+13mk姨:(m)(M),(214000)【】,、、,、,。【】;;;【Abstract】ThisarticlemainlyfromtworespectsoftheoryandExperimentResearchonstarting,airresistance,springmass,tiltangleonthevibrationperiodofspringvibratoreffects,aswellastheairresistanceofspringoscillatoramplitudeeffectsandthehorizontaldirection,verticaldirectionofthespringoscillatorenergyproblem,andtheanalysisoferrorcauses.【Keywords】Springvibrator;Vibrationperiod;Amplitude;Energy○○184201135SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION13m,T酆T=2πMk姨:3,Mm,,,,:m=22.68g,k=1.0316N/m,M=5g,20g,50g(m),:T=2πM+αmk姨圯α=T2k4mπ2-Mm(1)①M=5g4T=2.71052.71282.73682.74392.7480圯T軈=0.6826(s)(1)α1=0.3164②M=20g4T=4.03574.10204.08914.03303.9902圯T軈=1.0125(s)(1)α2=0.2993③M=50g4T=5.84405.91195.83535.82185.8790圯T軈=1.4646(s)(1)α3=0.2668α=13(α1+α2+α3)=0.2942α13,:(1)13,,dl;(2)13,。1.3θ44θ。M,m,l0,k,。ldl:F1=M+l0-ll000mgsinθdldx,l0dlk,F2=l0kdl·dx=l0kdxdlF1=F2,M+l0-ll000mgsinθ=l0kdxdl圯dx=gsinθl0kM+l0-ll000mdll(θ),:l(θ)=l+l0乙dx=l+l0乙gsinθl0kM+l0-ll000mdl=l+gkM+1200msinθ:,l(θ),,l(θ)l0,l0,Tθ。:1M=180.45gk1=k2=2.392N/mθ(5),①d=4cm圯sinθ=dl=467.5=0.06圯θ=3.40°2T=2.51342.51442.51672.51972.5138圯T軈=1.2578(s)T=2πMk姨=1.2203(s)T軈-TT×100%=3.07%②d=8cm圯sinθ=dl=867.5圯θ=6.81°2T軈=2.51852.51242.51772.51702.5138圯T軈=1.2579(s)T=1.2203(s)T軈-TT×100%=3.08%,θ,TT=2πMk姨,。2。,x=Ae-βtcos(ω′t+α)Ae-βt,,6。671x-t,71.5cm,45cm,10T:4546.54849.250.34546.547.84950.24546.5484950.24546.547.848.850.14546.547.94950.2,4546.547.94950.271.5cmAA=26.52523.622.521.335○○185SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION201135●(7),6,,,,,,,,。A、Tβ,。x=Ae-βtcos(ω′t+α),A′=Ae-βt圯β=-1tlnA′A(3)A,A′1T(T=1.2591(s)t=n10T①t=10TA=26.5cmA′=25cm(3)圯β=-110×1.2591ln2525.6=4.6278×10-3(s-1)②t=20TA=26.5cmA′=23.6cm(3)圯β2=4.6024×10-3(s-1)③t=30TA=26.5A=22.5cm(3)圯β3=4.3319×10-3(s-1)β=13(β1+β2+β3)=4.5231×10-3(s-1)圯γ=2Mβ=1.6324×10-3(kg/s)β(3)T′=2πw02-β2姨圯T′=2πkM-β2姨=2π2.392×20.18045-(4.5231×10-3)姨芊2π2.392×20.18045姨=1.2203(s)β、T′,TT′。312kA2,,?。x咬+w02=0(w02=kM)圯x=Acos(w0t+α)A,αEk=12mv2=12mw02A2sin2(w0t+α)=12kA2sin2(w0t+α)Ep=12kx2=12kA2cos(w0t+α)E=Ek+Ep=12kA2sin2(w0t+α)+12kA2cos2(w0t+α)=12kA2。8,8(a)。8(b)l,,mg=kl。,o。Ek=12mv2=12mw02A2sin2(w0t+α)=12kA2sin2(w0t+α)8Ep=12k(x+l)2-12kl2=12kx2+klx=12kA2cos2(w0t+α)+klAcos(w0t+α),EG=-mgx=-mgAcos(w0t+α)(mg=kl)=-klAcos(w0t+α)E=Ek+Ep+EG=12kA2sin2(w0t+α)+12kA2cos2(w0t+α)+klAcos(w0t+α)-klAcos(w0t+α)=12kA2sin2(w0t+α)+12kA2cos2(w0t+α)=12kA2,,。。;。,。:①,T′=2πw′=2πw02-β2姨(w02=k/M)T=2πM/k姨;②,T=2πM+αmk姨。α=13,α=0.2941,(m)(M),m,;③(θ),θ,l(θ)=l0+gkM+12芊芊msinθ,l0;④,,Ae-βt;⑤。。;。【】[1],..,2002,6.[2],..,1997,5.[3],..:,1998,8(5).[4]..,1998,6,11(2).[:]○○186
本文标题:弹簧振子的实验研究-
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