被动语态课件

thePassiveVoice被动语态WhatisthePassiveVoice?英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)Whatisit?A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplanttrees.Treesareplantedbyus.WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态Englishisspokenbyus.当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（theActiveVoice）当主语是动作的承受者时，动词用被动语态（thePassiveVoice）Whentouseit?（1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。（2）当我们需要强调动作承受者，而不是动作的执行者时。这本词典被保存完好。(不需要说明是谁保存的)这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。（强调书被发现而不是强调由谁发现）Thedictionaryiswellkept.Thesebookswerefoundinthe1920s.theStructureis：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(be+V.P.P)一般现在时：am/is/aredone一般过去时：was/weredone现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone现在完成时：have/hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone一般将来时：shall/willbedone;begoingtobedone当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/haveto…bedoneZhouJielunisregardedasabrilliant.周杰伦被认为很有才气。Thisbookwaswrittenin1969.这本书是1969年写成的。Thebrokenbikeisbeingrepairednow.那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。Hetoldusthecatwasbeingwashedwhenwecalledhim.他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。Thepenhasbeenusedforseveralyears.这支钢笔已经用了几年。Hesaidthefactoryhadbeenopened.他说这家工厂已经开张。Theworkwillbefinishedinthreehours.工作将于三小时后完成。Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.这孩子必须被好好照顾。主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的形式----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语.bythem.1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。在改写中应注意：练习：将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子。1.TheyshowedJackcarefullyhowtouseit.2.Beijingwillholdthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.3.Thecomputerclubheldawritingcompetition.4.Thefastestplayerfinishedthegameineighthours.5.Theyusethisroomforplayingtabletennis.6.Thebankbuiltaparkforthem.7.Wetookmanyphotos.8.Hewroteanarticlelastweek.9.Thepeoplemakehistory.10.Theydidn’tvisitthecitytwoyearsago.1.带复合宾语的被动语态结构（1）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.Mr.GreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.口诀：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开,被动句中to回来。JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMr.Greenathome.hearlethavemakeseewatch（2）seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/….2.带双宾语的被动语态结构此时，直接或间接宾语都可做主语,注意间接宾语前加to或for.Mymotherboughtmeanewbike.=Iwasboughtanewbikebymymother.=Anewbikewasboughtformebymymother.JackhasgivenTomabook.=TomhasbeengivenabookbyJack.=AbookhasbeengiventoTombyJack.tellaskbringwritegivesendshowteachpasslend…tomakebuydrawsing…for注意:约翰打开了收音机。Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandmatakescareofmysister.MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma.注：动词短语变被动语态时,千万不要遗漏介词或副词。Answerrightorwrong•1.必须照看好孩子们。•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()•Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()•2.这本书是鲁迅写的。•ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()•ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()•3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。•Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday.()•Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.()•4.这辆自行车能修吗？•Canthisbikemended?()•Canthisbikebemended?()•5.街道已由他们清理了。•Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()•Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.()1).不及物动词没有被动语态。如：belong,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,,breakout,appear,last,start等。*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态如：have/fit＊IhaveaTVset.＊Thecoatfitsmewell.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．4.系动词没有被动动态和进行时态＊Thefishtastesgood.＊Thescarffeelssoft.5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不用被动语态【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这块表需要修理一下。want=Weneedtomendthewatch.=Thewatchneedstobemended.Thewatchneedsmending.1Historyis_________bythepeople.(make)2Heisoften___________todotheworkbytheteacher.(ask)3Thebook___________byhimlastyear.(write)4Theradio______________lastweek.(mend)5Sometrees________________onthehillthisspring.(plant)6Anewsubway_____________(build)nextyear.7She______________(take)tothehospitalalready.8Thousandsofsatellites______________(send)upintothespacesofar.9Theysaidthey_________________(invite)tothepartyalready.10Youngtreesshould______________(water)often.用适当的形式填空: