American-Pronunciation-Workshop

PronunciationWorkshopInstructor：PaulGruberIntroduction：（01：17-02：27）WhenyoulearnedEnglishasasecondlanguage,youkeptmanyofthesoundsandspeechrulesfromyourfirstlanguageandyouwerecontinuingtousethemwhenyouspeakEnglish.Thisiswhatgivesyouanaccent.YouwereusingthesoundsandspeechrulesfromyournativelanguageinsteadofthesoundsandspeechrulesofEnglish.Thisprogramwillshowyouandtrainyouonhowtousethesesoundsandspeechrulescorrectlyandshowingyouhowtocorrectlyformnewsoundsbychangingthepositionofyourtongueorchangingtheshapeofyourlips.Thesesmallchangesaregoingtomakeverybigchangesinyourspeech.HowtoPractice（02：35-03：15）SpeakslowlyUseaLoudVoiceExaggerateYourMouthMovementsWhatwouldyoubedoingisretrainingthemusclesofyourmouthinyourtonguetomoveinnewways,whichwillproduceanewpronunciationpatterns.Thesenewspeechpatternswillslowlyandeventuallyinvolveintoyourownspontaneousfastspeech,butitisimportantthatyoustartoutgoingveryslow.TheKeytoSuccess（03：15-05：15）BeingawareofyourerrorsRecognizingmistakeswhenyouhearthemWhenmostAmericansspeakyouwillnoticethatweseemtoopenourmouthalotandthereisagreatamountofmouthmovements.Arrangementofthisprogram（05：15-05：45）Duringthecourseofthisprogram,Iwillbeginbyaddressingconsonantsoundsandthenlateronwe‘llworkwithvowelsounds.Nowvowelsounds,asyouknow,areAEIOandU,likeahh,ohh,eee,ehh,ihhandooo.Andconsonantsoundsarebasicallyalltheotherletters‘sounds,likeb,ch,s,t,f,g,sh,wandofcourse,therearemanymanymoresounds.SessionOne辅音R和W的发音方法与训练1.ConsonantR2.ConsonantWRTips（07：07-09：00）MouthandlipscometightlyforwardasifyouwouldbesayingtheOOsound.Tonguemovesback.Nowonewayofcheckingifyou‘redoingthiscorrectlywithyourtongueisbyactuallyputtingyourfingeraroundaninchintoyourmouthwhilesayinganRsound.Youshouldbeabletotakethetipofyourfingerandfeelthetipofyourtongue.Practice(09:00-12:34)Ratthebeginningofwords(likeRockRain)Bringingyourmouthforwardandpullingyourtongueback.Rattheendofwordsorafteravowel(likeCarFarAirPoor)Yourtonguehastapullbackandalsoyourlipsclosealittlebitinthefront.TheRneedstobeverystrongandyouneedtoclosetheword.Rinthemiddleofwords(likeVeryArrangeEveryone)Yourtongueisbackandyourlipsarecomingallthewayforward.RBlends(12:34-14:10)The‗R‘isalwaysthestrongestsoundoftheblend.Yourlipscomeforwardbeforeyouevensaytheword.Whentheblendisatthebeginningofaword,yourmouthpreparesfortheR,bycomingforwardbeforeyouevensaytheword.Rblendsatthebeginningofwords(TrainingTrust)Rblendsinthemiddleofwords（SubtractWaitress）WTips（similartoR）(15:34-17:42)PracticefirstwithOO.ThengointoOOOOOWAWAWA.Remember,AWisalwaysmakesaWsound.ItNEVERmakesaVsound.Practice(17:43-19:24)Watthebeginningofwords（likeWhyWhich）Winthemiddleofwords（likeAlwaysAway）Don‘tforgettobringyourmouthforwardatthebeginningofeachword.Qsounds(Q=KW)(19:24-20:18)Forexample,thewordQuickispronouncedwiththeKandthestrongWsound.KWICK,likethat.SessionTwo(22:50-44:25)由学S与Z音标引出的辅音对比练习1.Voicing2.Consonantpairs3.ConsonantS4.ConsonantZVoicingVoicingiswhenyourvocalcordsarevibratinginyourthroat,producingasound.Allvowelsarevoiced.Someconsonantsarevoiced,somearenot.(24:35-26:23)PairedConsonants:(26:23-29:11)P&BT&DF&VSH&ZSHK&GS&ZConsonantS&ConsonantZ:(29:11-30:00)TheSconsonant,madewiththeairgoingthroughyourfrontteeth./s/theSsoundisunvoiced.Youjustaddvoicing.WhatwouldtheSsoundbecome/s/---/z/.ItwillbecomeaZsound/z/.SoShasnovoicing/s/,Zhasvoicing/z/.SowesaytheSsoundandZsoundarealsoPairConsonants.AndthisbringsustowhatIwouldliketocovertoday---Ssounds/s/,Zsounds/z/andhowtheyworkintermsofwordendings.ThreerulesforS&Zendings(30:11-38:27)Rule1Ifthelastsoundinawordisunvoiced,andyou‟readdinganS,well,thentheSremainsunvoiced,too.Examples:1cup,2cups(thepincupisunvoiced,soyoujustaddanunvoiceds)Ibreak,hebreaksRule2Examples:1Page2PagesRule3voicingthroughouttheentireword,anditshouldbecomeaExamples:1Tree,2Treezzzz(correctlyspelledTrees)1Day,2DaysIFly,HeFliesSomecommonwordswhereS‟sarepronouncedasZ‟s(38:27-39:50)SessionThree(44:41-61:15)th,thr,t音标发音学习与练习1.TheUnvoicedTHSound2.TheVoicedTHSound3.THRBlends4.VoicingtheTSoundTheUnvoicedTHSound(46:55-49:53)Flattongueprotrudingthroughyourteeth.Maintainasteadyairstream.StretchouttheTHsound.Example:ThinkofthewordThumbashavingtwobeatsTh.umb12UnvoicedTHatthebeginningofwords(ThanksThick)UnvoicedTHatthemiddleofwords(AnythingBathmat)UnvoicedTHattheendofwords(BathNorth)TheVoicedTHSound(49:53-53:05)TomakeavoicedTHsound[ð],youjustneedtoaddvoicingtotheunvoicedthsound.There‟sthevoicedTH.Youshouldbeabletofeelthestrongvibrationinyourthroatandonyourtongue[ð].VoicedTHatthebeginningofwords(TheThat)VoicedTHinthemiddleofwords(ClothingMother)VoicedTHattheendofwords(SmoothBathe)THRBlends:thecombinationofTHsoundandtheRsound(55:18-56:30)BeawarethattheRisthestrongestsoundoftheblendandit‟slouderthantheTH.SowhenyousayawordwhichbeginswithTHR.FirstmaketheTHsoundandthenstronglypushouttheR.(Threadthrow)THExceptions(58:20-60:47)Althoughthefollowingwordsarespelledwitha„TH‟,theyarepronouncedasaT.ThomasThompsonTheresaThailandThamesEstherThymeVoicingtheTSoundIfaTfallswithintwovoicedsounds(usuallyvowels),theTbecomesvoicedlikeaD.Examples