虚拟语气学案

语法专项复习（十一）虚拟语气I一高考例题1.____hehadnothurthisleg.Johnwouldhavewontherace.(2007年全国卷II)A．IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When2.Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit_____yesterday.(2006年全国卷I)A.washappeningB.happensC.hashappenedD.happened3._____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(2006年湖北卷)A．WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube4.---Howdidyoumanagetotravelabroad?(2009成都外国语模拟)---Myparentslentmethemoney.Otherwise,I___haveaffordedthetrip.A.shouldn’tB.couldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t5.---Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?---She____intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.(2009重庆卷)A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.Mighthavebeen二温馨提示：1.虚拟语气不但出现在单项选择题中，高考的其他题型也会涉及虚拟语气；Eg.①Thedoctorsuggestedthepatient________(出院)hospitalnextmonth.②Heinsistedthatthemeetingwouldbeheldnextweek.(请改错)③Butforyourhelp,mydaughterwouldbedrowned.(请改错)④如果世界上没有树，那我们的世界将会很可怕。比如，空气会更干燥，会有更多的沙漠。(请翻译此段文字)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.虚拟语气在06年之前的高考中几乎没有涉及。但近几年对其考查呈上升的趋势，且相对平稳。2006年考到2个，2007年3个，2008年2个。所以对这部分的语法知识同学们应该给予重视。三解读考纲：1.理解并掌握虚拟语气在条件句中的用法;2.理解并掌握虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法；（这部分很重要哦！）3.掌握虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法。四虚拟语气的基本用法及常见句式（一）虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法if从句主句例句与现在事实相反If+主语+did/wereshouldwould主语+could+domight①IfI______time,I____________themeeting,butIamtoobusy.②IfI______you,I_____________thechancetogoabroad.与过去事实相反If+主语+haddoneshouldwould主语+could+havedonemight①Ifyou__________myadvice,you____________________intheexam.（你考试就不会失败了）②You________________(遇见)herifyou_________(come)alittleearlier.与将来事实相反If+主语+didIf+主语+weretodoIf+主语+shoulddoshouldwould主语+could+domight①Ifeveryone______outbybike,ourenvironment____________muchbetter.②IfI__________doit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.【注意：】1.错综复杂句，即：条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致eg.①Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.(if从句与________事实相反，而主句与_________事实相反。)②如果你以前学习很用功，现在就会是个大学生了。___________________________________________________________.2.if省略句：eg.①IfI_________thefilm,I__________________(讨论)itwiththemlastnight.______I__________________________________________________.②Ifit_______rainnextweek,theflowerswouldhaveagoodharvest.________it_______________________________________________.③IfI_______atschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder._______Iat_______________________________________________.小结：在条件句中可省略if，将______,_________,________等置于句首。语法专项复习（十一）虚拟语气II3.有些介词短语或副词代替条件状语从句：Eg.①What________youdo______a___________________?(如果你有一百万美元)②__________(没有)yourhelp,we___________________(finish)itaheadoftime.=___________yourhelp,we…=If__________________________yourhelp,we…=____________________________yourhelp,we…③Iwasillthatday._______________(否则),I_________________________(参加)thesportsmeeting.4.但是，近几年高考考题不把考点放在虚拟结构上，而投放在事实上.Eg.①I__________________(give)youmorehelp,butI_________________(太忙了)②---Allofushadagoodtimeinthepicnicyesterday.Pityyouweren’tthere.---IreallyshouldhavecomebutI_______mymotherinhospital.A.lookedafterB.wouldlookedafterC.waslookingafterD.hadlookedafter【题组训练】①Ifyouaskedyourfather,you______permission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.maybeget②ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inloveattheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall③_____Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were④_____theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor⑤Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology____.A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachievedC.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved（二）虚拟语气在下列词后的句式结构：1.wish，ifonly，asif/asthougheg.①Iwish(that)I_______abirdand_______fly_________(自由)inthesky.②Iwish(that)you______________meallthis.(我倒希望你没把这一切告诉我)③HowIwishI_________________________________(预测未来)①IfonlyI______tenyears_________(young)now!②IfonlyI_______________theexamlastweek!③LookattheterriblesituationIamin.IfonlyI_______youradvice.A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed①ShespeaksEnglishso_________(流利)asifshe________________EnglishintheUSA.②Lookingaroundthetown,hefeltasifhe_____awayforages.A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen③Whenapencilis_________(部分地)inaglassofwater,itlooksasthoughit_________________(断了)小结：与现在事实相反，谓语动词用_____________________________与过去事实相反，谓语动词用_____________________________与将来事实相反，谓语动词用____________________________（三）虚拟语气在下列词引导的宾语从句中的用法：建议_____________________命令_________坚持___________要求________________________________________Eg.1.现在，医学专家建议我们别到人多拥挤的地方。___________________________________________________________________________2.病人要求医院赔偿全部的损失。（被动）___________________________________________________________________________3.学校坚决要求有高烧的学生应该被隔离。____________________________________________________________________________【特别注意】suggest&insistEg.①Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthat________________________________(他脸上的微笑__________他对我们的工作很满意)②Theworkersinsistedthattheirpay_______________________(涨工资)③Themaninsistedthathe______________________________(从未偷钱)语法专项复习（十一）虚拟语气III（四）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用1.Itis____________