非限制性定语从句讲解

高考总复习：非限制性定语从句编稿：陈玉莲审稿：王春霞真题再现1.Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem2.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,______hassurprisedusall.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what3.Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,______heoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when4.Thatevening,_____Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when5.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which6.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.thatB.itC.asD.what7.Ａlotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A.asB.itC.whichD.this8.By16:30,____wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that9.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_______urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what10.Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,_____,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom11.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof___havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what1.C。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。2.C。所填词前有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中做主语，选C。其余选项与题干不符。3.B。非限制性定语从句，which作表语。4.B。题干中thatevening是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。5.B。分析从句结构，主谓宾齐全，without____help做从句的谓语，whosehelp作with的宾语。6.C。分析句子结构，两个逗号之间为从句，所填词指代整个主句的情况，翻译为“正如”，用as。7.A。根据句子结构判断，空格所在句子应该是从句而不是完整的句子，排除B、D。关系代词as代替主句的整个内容，翻译为“正如，正像”。注意which引导非限制性定语从句时，如果which指代整个主句的内容，相当于“andthis”，并且放在主句后。8.A。句意为：到16：:30几乎是截止时间时，几乎所有的画都被卖出了。根据句子结构，定语从句缺少主语，选择关系代词which而不选关系副词。9.B。指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。10.B。who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词Ellen（人名）。Which修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。11.C。此处先行词是twonovels，后面是一个非限制性定语从句并且介词提前，因此用bothofwhich引导。句意为：玛利亚写了两部小说，两部都被拍成了电视剧。知识讲解which引导的非限制性定语从句【链接高清课程】that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，而which可以。which指代主句的全部或部分内容时，常表事实、状态、起因等，有“这就使得、这一点”等意思，常置主句末。主句与定语从句用逗号分开。在“n.／pron.＋prep.＋which”,“prep.＋which”定语从句里Theytalkedaboutamovie,thenameofwhichI'veneverforgotten.Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.Chaplinwenttothestatesin1910,bywhichtimehehadlearnttodanceandactincomedies.表唯一性，或者就是指代先行词的事物时。Thedam,whichisthebiggestintheworld,is3,830meterslong.先行词是独一无二的事物时。Themoon,whichdoesn'tgiveoutlightitself,isonlyasatelliteoftheearth.先行词表示类别属性的事物时。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.先行词是专有名词时。TheNile,whichusedtofloodeveryyear,nowrunsmoreregularlybelowthedam.先行词是形容词作定语从句的表语时。主句和定语从句含有对比的意思。LiLingisveryclever,whichLiLongisn’t.先行词是集体名词表整体意思时。Myfamily,whichhas35people,isalargeone.先行词是国家名词表地域概念时。LastyearhewenttoEgypt,whichisinAfrica.which与as引导非限定性定语从句的区别which只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在后。Asherealized，Iwasveryusefultohim.（在前）正像……Air,asweknow,isagas.（在中）正如……Hewasaforeigner,asIknowfromhisaccent.(在后)正像……Hecamelateagain，whichmadehisbossangry.（在后）……，这一点……当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用andthis，andthat代替，意思是“这件事”。Hechangedhismind,which(andthis/andthat)mademeveryangry.Shehasmarriedagain,which(andthis/andthat)wasunexpected.而as主要起与上下文连接的作用，表达说话人的看法、观点，并指出主句内容的出处或根据等。Einstein,asweknow,isafamousscientist.Asisannouncedintoday’snewspaper,wemustimproveourstyleofwork.作主语时，which既可以作系动词be的主语，也可以作实义动词的主语，而as只可以作系动词be的主语。Hemarriedher,whichwasnatural.（可用as代替which）Hewona/theNobelPrizeinchemistry,whichmadehimillustrious.(不可用as代替which)当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，不带有“如……那样”的意思时，往往用which，而不用as。Theywereinvitedtothestatebanquet,whichwasagreathonortothem.Wehadtosleepinourwetclothes,whichwasmostuncomfortable.Mummyalwaystreatsmejustlikeababy,whichIcan’tbear.当定语从句有“如同……那样”的意思时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。asweknow众所周知；ashasbeensaidabove/before正如前文所述；ashasbeenpointedout正如已经指出的；asmightbeimagined可以想象得到Thingswillturnoutcontrarytoone’swishes,asisoftenthecase.Aswasnatural,thisinordinatehopewasfollowedbyanexcessivedepression.Chaucerisburiedin“Poet’sCorner”,asmighthavebeenexpected.Thematerialiselastic,asisshownninthefigure.非限制性定语从句的主谓一致1.oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数形动词。TitanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthathavebeenproducedinHollywood.2.the(only)oneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数形动词。TheGreatWallisthe(only)oneofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.3.当关系代词as或which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句内容时，若as或which作主语，则从句的谓语动词用单数形式。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.“特殊”定语从句的解题技巧1.考查带有插入语的定语从句的关系词的选用。做此类题时，把关系词后的插入语（如：Ibelieve,Ithink,Iexpect等）去掉进行判断。—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheonewhereyouknowIusedtoworkforyears.2.疑问句中考查定语从句。命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。Isthisthefarmyouvisitedlastweek?3.倒装句中考查定语从句。倒装使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊，因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构就比较清晰了。Wecametoaplace,wherestoodabigtower.4.拆分词组和固定搭配。一些词组和搭配被拆开后，句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。Thesecondisconnectedwiththeusethatthebodymakesoffood.Whycan'tyourealizethepartwhichtheyhaveplayedinourlife?5.是用theone还是用that,which,where。遇到这类句子，先将其变成肯定句，再