(完整版)高中英语语法——祈使句

GrammarImperatives(祈使句)Nosmoking!Don’tdrink!Attention！Parking!Whatdotheymean?Grammar-1.Look&SayLookatthesignsandsaywhattheydo.Don’tgofasterthan90kph.Turnright.Don’twalk./Nopedestrians.Don’tturnleft./Noleftturn.Don’tstop./NoparkingTheygiveinstructions一.祈使句的定义用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。Lookatthefollowingsentences:Goandwashyourhands.（去洗手。——命令）Bequiet,please.（请安静。——请求）Bekindtooursister.（对姊妹要和善。——劝告）Lookout！Danger！（小心！危险！—警告）Keepoffthegrass.（勿践草坪。——禁止）Canyoutellmewhatareimperatives?定义:祈使句无_____，主语you常______；动词_____谓语当，句首加_____变否定；主语省去原形Don’tArethefollowingsentencesimperative?(discussinpairs)Heisalwayssleepingintheclass.It’sabeautifulday,isn’tit?Tellmeyourname,please?Willhecometonight?Mary,comehere!(√)(×)(×)(×)(√)二.祈使句的结构1.ObservationWhat’rethefeaturesofimperative?Listentomecarefully.Comeinandsitdown,please.Don’tclosethewindow–it’shot.Bequiet!Beagoodboy!Let’stryourbesttoimproveourenvironment.ListenComesitDon’tBeLet’sBe2.ConclusionDo型（以行为动词开头）Standup!Don’tstandup!/Neverstandup!Be型（以be动词开头）Becareful.Don’tbelate./Neverbelate.Let型（以let开头）Lethimin.Letmehelpyou.◆肯定结构:◆否定结构:①Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。如:不要忘记我!Don’tforgetme!/Don’tbelate!②Let型的否定式有两种:“Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。如:别让他走。Don’tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.③有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:禁止吸烟！禁止钓鱼！Nosmoking!Nofishing!用祈使句完成下列句子。1._____onthepavement（人行道）.2._____inthebicyclelanes.3.______atredtrafficlights.4.______therulesoftheroad.GoRideStopKeepgo,keep,look,ride,stop,stay,watchout5._________forpedestrians（行人）.6.______behindyoubeforeyouturnrightorleft.7.__________inthemiddleoftheroad.LookWatchoutDon’tstaygo,keep,look,ride,stop,stay,watchout三.祈使句中应注意的几个问题Dobepatient!Dositdown.Dowritebackwhenyoureceivehisletter.Tom,youcleantheroom.Don’tyoubelateagainnexttime!Whatisdifferentnow?1.加强祈使句语气的方式:Do/you+动词原形此句型为“条件与结果”并存的句式，其中的祈使句可转化为if条件句。e.g.Workhardandyouwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.Hurryup,oryouwillmissthelastbus.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillmissthelastbus.2.祈使句(,)+and/or+简单句是一种固定句式。这一句式也可以演变为“名词性短语+and+简单句”的形式。Moretime,andIcouldhavedoneitbetter.如果多给我一些时间，我可以做得更好。3.祈使句的附加疑问句Openthedoor,___________________?Don’tforget,_________________?Letusgothere,______________?Let’sgothereatonce,__________?willyou?/（won’tyou）willyoushallwewillyouOpenDon’tLet’sLetuse.g.Putonyourcoat,please—it’sverycoldoutside.TurndowntheTVset—thebabyisasleepintheroom.4.祈使句+波折号+附加信息；附加信息常表示发出祈使动作的原因。2.________remembertoturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleavethelab.A.BesureB.DoC.MakesureD.Does1.Standoverthere___you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.whileC.butD.and走近高考：3.Letuspass,_______?A.shan’tweB.shallweC.won’tweD.willyou4.Waitaminute,______?A.shallyouB.willyouC.doyouD.don’tyou5.___downtheradio—thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.TurnedC.TurnD.Toturn祈使句以动词原形开头。6You’dbetternotsmokehere,_______?A.willyouB.shallyouC.haveyouD.hadyou有hadbetter的句子构成反意疑问句,用had构成。7.Don’tforgettophoneme,______?A.doyouB.needn’tyouC.won’tyouD.willyou否定祈使句的反意疑问句用will构成。8.Let’shaveacupoftea,________?A.shallyouB.willyouC.shallweD.won’tyou以let’s开头的祈使句用shallwe,以letus开头的祈使句用willyou,构成反意疑问句。9.________,Ithink,andtheproblemcouldbesettled.A.Ifyoudon’tdoubtyoureffortsB.AsyoukeepupyourspiritsC.MakinggreateffortsD.Abitmoreefforts10.It’sreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,______thebabywillfallintothewell.A.orB.sothatC.andD.ifGrammar-6.Practice(3ms)1.---Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasn’tit?---Yes._______morewordsandexpressionsandyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.A.KnowB.KnowingC.ToknowD.Known2．Standoverthere_______you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.whileC.butD.and3.---I’veneverseenanyonerunsofast.---______Davidgo.A.justwatchB.justtowatchC.justwatchingD.justhavingwatchedADAGrammar-6.Practice(3ms)4.---Don'tforgettomybirthdaypartytomorrow.---________.A.Yes,Iwon’tB.No,Iwon’tC.No,IwillD.Yes，Iwill5.Besuretowritetous,________?A.willyouB.aren’tyouC.canyouD.mustn’tyou6.Onemoreweek,______wewillaccomplishthetask.A.orB.sothatC.andD.ifBACGrammar-6.Practice7._____bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive8.______thisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkofit.A.LookthroughB.LookonC.LookintoD.Lookup9.________itwithmeandI‘llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.LeaveBAD