The-Picture-of-Dorian-Gray

ThePictureofDorianGray道林·格雷的画像OscarWilde奥斯卡.王尔德AuthorBiographyOscarWilde(1854-1900),IrishpoetanddramatistwhosereputationrestsonhiscomicmasterpiecesLadyWindermere'sFan(1892)andTheImportanceofBeingEarnest(1895).AmongWilde'sotherbest-knownworksarehisonlynovelThePictureofDorianGray(1891)andhisfairytalesespeciallyTheHappyPrince.•HebornonOctober16,1854inDublintounconventionalparents-hismotherLadyJaneFrancescaWilde(1820-96),wasapoetandjournalist.HisfatherwasSirWilliamWilde,anIrishantiquarian（antiques）,giftedwriter,andspecialistindiseasesoftheeyeandear.WildestudiedatPortoraRoyalSchool,Enniskillen,CountyFermanagh(1864-71),TrinityCollege,Dublin(1871-74)andMagdalenCollege,Oxford(1874-78).Hisworks《TheHappyPrince》快乐王子《ThePictureofDorianGray》道林格雷的画像《TheNightingaleandtheRose》〈夜莺与蔷薇〉《TheHouseofPomegranates》石榴房子《Salomé》莎乐美《LadyWindermere`sFan》温德密尔夫人的扇子OscarWildequotes•Whenalovecomestoanend,weaklingscry,efficientonesinstantlyfindanotherloveandwisealreadyhadoneinreserve.当爱到了终点,软弱者哭泣,精明者马上去发现另外一个,聪明的早就预备了一个.•Nogreatartisteverseesthingsastheyreallyare.Ifhedidhewouldceasetobeanartist.没有伟大的艺术家是看事物真实的样子,如果他这样那他就不再是艺术家•Whatseemstousasbittertrialsareoftenblessingsindisguise痛苦的审判是那些虚伪的祝福•Theadvantageoftheemotionsisthattheyleadusastray.情感的好处就是让我们误入歧途•Onlytheshallowknowthemselves.只有影子才懂他们自己•Quotationisaserviceablesubstituteforwit格言是智慧耐用的替代品•Adreamerisonewhocanonlyfindhiswaybymoonlight,andhispunishmentisthatheseesthedawnbeforetherestoftheworld.梦想家能发现用月光铺就的道路,惩罚是他比所有人提前看到曙光•Everysainthasapastandeverysinnerhasafuture.每个圣人都有过去,每个罪人都有未来•Toliveistherarestthingintheworld.Mostpeopleexist,thatisall.活着是世上最珍贵的,大多数人只是存在,仅此而已.•Nothingissoaggravatingthancalmness.没有比冷静更让人恼火的•One‘sreallifeisoftenthelifethatonedoesnotlead真实生活就是我们不会引领的生活•Whenoneisinlove,onealwaysbeginsbydeceivingone‘sself,andonealwaysendsbydeceivingothers.Thatiswhatworldcallsaromance.当某人在恋爱中,开始是欺骗自己,结束时候是欺骗别人,这就是罗漫史•Thereareonlytwotragediesinlife:oneisnotgettingwhatonewants,andtheotherisgettingit.生活里有两个悲剧:一个是没有得到我们想要的,另外一个是得到了.•Alwaysforgiveyourenemies-nothingannoysthemsomuch.宽恕你的敌人,没什么能比这个让他们苦恼的了•Thetruthisrarelypureandneversimple真理很纯粹,可决不简单MaincharactersDorianGray–ahandsomeandnarcissistic(自恋的；自我陶醉的)youngmanwhobecomesenthralledwithLordHenry'sideaofanewhedonism(快乐主义).Hebeginstoindulgeineverykindofpleasure,moralandimmoral.•BasilHallward–anartistwhobecomesinfatuatedwithDorian.DorianhelpsHallwardrealizehisartisticpotential,asBasil'sportraitofDorianprovestobehisfinestwork.AdevoutChristianwithconservativevalues,heislatermurderedbyGray.•LordHenryHarryWotton–animperiousanddecadentdandywhoisafriendtoBasilinitially,butlaterbecomesmoreintriguedwithDorian'sbeauty.Extremelywitty,heisseenasacritiqueofVictoriancultureattheendofthecentury,espousingaviewofindulgenthedonism.HeconveystoGrayhisworldview,andDorianbecomescorruptedasheattemptstoemulatehim,thoughBasilpointsouttoHarrythatYouneversayamoralthing,andyouneverdoawrongthing.Othercharactersinclude•SibylVane–atalentedandbeautiful,butpoor,actressandsinger,withwhomDorianfallsinlove.Herloveforhimruinsheractingability,asshenolongerfindspleasureinportrayingfictionallovewhensheisexperiencingloveinreality.ShecommitssuicideafterlearningthatDoriannolongerlovesher.LordHenrylikenshertoOphelia.•JamesVane–Sibyl'sbrother,asailorwholeavesforAustralia.Heisextremelyprotectiveofhissister,especiallyastheirmothercaresonlyforDorian'smoney.Heishesitanttoleavehissister,believingDorianwillharmherandpromisestotakevengeanceifanyharmshouldbefallhissister.AfterSibyl'sdeathhebecomesobsessedwithkillingDorianandbeginstostalkhim.Hediesinahuntingaccident.HispursuitofrevengeagainstDorianGrayforthedeathofhissisteremulatestheroleofLaertes,Ophelia'sbrotherinHamlet.•AlanCampbell–achemistandonce-timefriendofDorian;heendedtheirfriendshipwhenDorian'sreputationbegantocomeintoquestion.DorianblackmailshimintodisposingofBasil'sbody;Campbelllatercommitssuicide.•LordFermor–LordHenry'suncle,whoinformshisnephewaboutDorianGray'slineage.•Victoria,LadyWotton–LordHenry'swife,whoonlyappearsonceinthenovel.Herhusbandtreatsherwithdisdain;shelaterdivorceshim.Setting•“Thosewhofinduglymeaningsinbeautifulthingsarecorruptwithoutbeingcharming.”–Asthefirst,andthelastpublishedfictionofOscarWilde,thisbookretainedmostofhistheoriesonappreciationofbeauty.Asacritic,hiswasconsideredthetraitoroftradition-hisworkshadgreatlyimpulsethesocialmoralsofthe19thcentury,though,duringhislifetime,theauthoritydidmuchtostophimfrom“polluting”thepubliccustoms.Oscarhimselfwasaparadox.Astheprefacehint,thisbookisratherlikeanautobiolography-DorianGray,whosharedthesimilarearly-lifeexperience,obtainedhishopesandweaknesses.Buthedidn’tgivehimmuchwisdom,butfragileinnocenceoflife,thebeliefsofartandbeautythatcanbeeasilytornawaybytheevil.And,asforHenry-heusedallhisabsurdtheoriesofhedonismtoshowwhathedesires-butafraidtoget.“Torevealartandconcealtheartist”-that’stheaimofart,andalso,thepurposeofhisallhisgreatliteratureworks.PlotOverview•InthestatelyLondonhomeofhisaunt,LadyBrandon,thewell-knownartistBasilHallwardmeetsDorianGray.Dorianisacult