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1Sonnet18ByWilliamShakespeareShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate:RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,Andsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate:SometimestoohottheeyeofheavenshinesAndoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimed;Andeveryfairformfairsometimesdeclines,Bychanceornature’schangingcourseuntrimmed;Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st;Norshalldeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade.Whenineternallinestotimethougrow’st:Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee,Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.十四行诗(其十八)威廉·莎士比亚我能把你比作夏日吗?尽管你更可爱、更温和;夏日的狂风可能会摧残五月的花儿,2季节的限制又减少了可拥有的日光;天空的巨眼有时过于灼热,常使自身的辉煌无故湮没;每一种美都会消逝,不管愿意或是无奈;然而你这盛夏将永存不朽,连你所有的美都不会褪去;死神不忍逼近,生命只会长存;只要人类能呼吸,能看见;我的诗就会存在,而你的生命也会延续。Sonnet18isabsolutelyoneofthemostfamoussonnetsofShakespeare.AlmosteveryEnglishlearnercanrecitesomelinesofiteitherforappreciationorpleasureasboththethematicfeatureandartisticfeatureshinebrightlyandattractively.Inthefollowing,Iwillillustratemyunderstandingofthissonnetinthesetwoaspects.Firstly,somethingaboutthesonnet’sthematicfeature.Thefirsttwolines,intheformofaquestionandanassertive肯定statement,showthepoet’sideaofcomparinghisbelovedwithasummer’sdayandalsopointoutthatthebelovedpersonismorebeautifulandlessextremethansummer.Itisunderstandablethatsummerischosenasthecomparisontargetbecauseitislovelyandpleasant.Whilethenext3sixlinesdescribethelesspleasantaspectsofsummer:thetoostrongwind,theextremehotweatheraswellastheeasydisappearanceofallbeauties.Theninthlinetakesupthecomparisonwithsummeragain:summerhasbynowbecomethesummeroflife.Thecomparisonturnsintoacontrastbyreferringbacktotheseventh.Thepoet'sassurancebecomesevenfirmerinlineselevenandtwelve,whichcontainapromisethatdeathwillbeconqueredthatthebelovedone’sspiritandlifewillsurelybeeternal.Thelasttwolinesfurtheremphasizethepoet’sbeliefthattheeternityofspiritandvirtueofhisbelovedbypointingoutthepoem’seternalfunctionandexistence.Withthisarrangementofstructureandcontent,thepoetgivesthissonnettwothematicmeanings.Theprimarymeaningissimplyastatementtopraisethebeautyofthebelovedone.Butthemoreimportantanddeeponeisthepoet’sthoughtthatthepowerofthepoemwhichcandefy不屈服timeandlastforever.Itsdoublethemesareonedistinguishingfeatureofthesonnet.Secondly,theanalysisofthissonnet’sartisticfeature.Itcontains14lines.Wecaneasilyobservethattheendsofline1andline3havetheendrhyme:/ei/,line2andline4rhymewith/eit/.Andthesefourlinesformaquatrain.Thesameformisusedinthesecondquatrainfromline5toline8,thethirdquatrainfromline9toline12.However,thelasttwolineshavetheirownform,astheyhavetheend4rhyme:/i:/Eachlineinthissonnetisiniambicpentameterwhichmeanseachlinehasfivefeet,usuallyanunaccentedsyllablefollowedbyanaccentedsyllable.Forexample,wecandividethefirstlineintofiveindependentfeetas“ShallI/compare/theeto/asum/mer’sday?”Withaccentsonshall,com,thee,a,merrespectively.Somefiguresofspeecharealsoinuselikesimile明喻andpersonification拟人.Wecanseethesunisregardedas“theeyeofheaven”whichisasimile.Wecanfindtheword“his”usedtodescribethesunandthedeathwhichgivesthemlifeastheillustrationoftheuseofpersonification.Thismakestheimagesthepoetpointsoutlinkedtoeachotherandvividlyformthewholeimagery.Tomakeageneralconclusionofitsstylisticfeature,thissonnetisatypicalShakespeariansonnetwithfourteenlinesiniambicpentameter,includingthreequatrainsandonecoupletwiththerhymeschemeababcdcdefefgg.Besidesthis,sonnet18isinuseofalliterationandfiguresofspeechwhichaddmorebeautytothetonality音调ofthepoem.
本文标题:Sonnet18(英文赏析)
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