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1一般现在时讲解和练习一、定义:一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。例:(1).表示事物或人物的特征、状态。Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。(2).表示经常性或习惯性的动作。Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。(3).表示客观现实。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时常用时间状语、时间副词inthemorning/afternoon/eveningeveryweek(day,year,month…)onSundays(Monday,Tuesday…)atnight,onceaweek,.always总是,usually通常,often经常,sometimes有时,never从不三、用法:1.肯定句:(1)句中有be(am,is,are)和情态动词时,①be动词时,主语是I时要用am,主语是you时要用are,其他用is。②是情态动词时,后面的动词用原型③例:Iamastudent.Youareverybeautiful.Sheismybestfriend.Hecandohishomeworkbyhimself.(2)没有be(am,is,are)动词和情态动词:主语为第三人称单数(she,he,it)、单数可数名词、不可数名词的,动词要按规则加上s或es;主语是复数可数名词的肯定句,动词用原形。例:①She(He,It)likesfish.她(他,它)喜欢鱼。(主语为第三人称单数)②Thetablehasfourlegs.桌子有四条腿。(主语为单数可数名词)③Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius.水在100度沸腾。(主语为不可数名词)2Theygotoschooleveryday.他们每天都去上学。(主语是复数可数名词的,动词用原形)注意的问题:第三人称单数以及第三人称单数时动词的变化规则在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总结如下:1、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如:HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。3、单数可数名词或this/that/the+单数可数名词作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:①Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。②Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。④ThecatisLucy's.这只猫是露茜的。4、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:①Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛病。③Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。④Thatisaneraser.那是一块橡皮擦。35、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。6、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如:①6isaluckynumber.6是个吉利数字。②Iisaletter.I是个字母。动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,make-makesrunsgetslikescolletstakesplaysclimbs2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies方法与发音:1.一般情况下,直接加-seg.works,plays,rains,sees2.以sh,ch,s,x或o结尾的词后加–eseg.washes,teaches,fixes,does,goes3.以辅音字母加-y结尾的,先把‘y’改成‘i’,再加-eseg.studies,flies,carries注意:动词加-s以后的读音.动词加-s后的读音1.在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后,发清辅音/s/eg.helps,works,likes,hates,laughs2.在浊辅音和元音后,发浊辅音/z/eg.drives,cleans,plays3.在[s][z][∫][tʃ][dʒ]后,发/iz/rises,wishes,teaches,urges4.在[t][d]后,发/ts//dz/eg.fits,sets,needs5.其他情况下发[z]eg.plans,cries,shows4练习11.Jenny_____inanoffice.Herparents_____inahospital.Awork;worksBworks;workCwork;areworkingDisworking;work2.Oneoftheboys_______ablackhat.AhaveBthereisCthereareDhas3.WangMei______musicandoften______tomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen4.Jenny______Englisheveryevening.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied5.Theteachers________(speak)Englishinclass.6.Theteacher________(speak)Englishinclass.2.否定句:(1)句中有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not,Iamnotateacher.Hecannotfly.(2)句中没有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时,主语为第三人称单数的否定句,在动词原形前加does+not(doesn’t)。Hedoesn’tlikecats.(3)句中没有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时,主语为复数可数名词的否定句,在动词原形前加do+not(don’t)。Theydon’tgotoschoolonSundays.练习21.Thecat_________(notlike)you.2.Brian(notlive)inChina.3.Thepicture______nice.A.don’tlookB.islookedC.doesn’tlookD.islooking4.Ihavemanybooks.(改为否定句)_________________________5.厦门不下雪。__________________________________________6.她不看新闻。__________________________________________7.我妈妈不喜欢吃肉______________________________________3.疑问句:(1)句中有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时,一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。5由肯定句变为一般疑问句的步骤:①.把be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)提前。②.大写和小写的转换,句首的第一个字母要大写。③.句末要加问号。例:肯定句:Sheisastudent.疑问句:Issheastudent?肯定句:Hecanswim.疑问句:Canheswim?.疑问句的回答:用什么问就用什么来回答。Issheastudent?Yes,sheis.No,sheisn’t.Canyouswim?Yes,Ican.Yes,Ican’t.(2)句中如果没有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时,主语为第三人称单数(she,he,it)、单数可数名词、不可数名词的疑问句要用does来提问。即在句首加does,句子中原有动词用原形例:—DoeshelikeChinese?他喜欢汉语吗?—Yes,hedoes.是的,他喜欢(汉语)。—Doesadogeatmeat?狗吃肉吗?—No,itdoesn’t.不,它不吃(肉)。(3)句中如果没有be动词(am,is,are)或情态动词(may,can,must,should)时,主语为复数可数名词的疑问句要用do来提问。Doyoulikemonkeys?No,wedon’t.DostudentsstudyEnglsih?Yes,theydo.同时还要注意在肯定句变成否定句时,若是遇I/we→you,my→your.Some→any.句号→问号(?)Doesyourcateatanyfruits?你的猫吃水果吗?练习31.________she________(do)thehouseworkeveryday?2.DoesJenny(has)agoodfriend?Yes,she_______.(have)No.she_________.(nothave)3.________youstudyEnglishatschool?Yes,I____(do).4.______yoursisterstudyEnglishatschool?6No,she______(do)5.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.(改为一般疑问句)____________________________________________________6.我每天都必须来吗?_________________________________________________7.你爸爸每天早上都看报纸吗?__________________________________________4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+相应的人称/+其他do+人称+动词原形+其他What/Where/Who/When/Which/why/how/whose…+am/is/are+相应的人称/名词+其他What/Where/Who/When/Which/why/how/whose…+do/does+相应的人称/名词+动词原形+其他Whoareyou?你是谁?Whyisyourmothersobusy?你妈妈为什么这么忙?Howareyou?/isyourdad?你好吗?你爸好吗?Whatdoeshedoeveryday?他每天做什么?Whendoesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?你爸爸每天什么时候去上班?Whostudiesveryhardinourclass?我们班谁学习非常努力?Whichcomputergamesdoyoulike?你喜欢那种电脑游戏?练习题41.Where___you___(have)luncheveryday?2.Who_____(想要)togoswimming?3.Why_____Tomabsenttoday?(b
本文标题:初中英语一般现在时
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