中英文地质年代表(精美版)

Walker,J.D.,andGeissman,J.W.,compilers,2009,GeologicTimeScale:GeologicalSocietyofAmerica,doi:10.1130/2009.CTS004R2C.©2009TheGeologicalSocietyofAmerica.23570809010011012013014015016017018019021020022023024025051015202530354045505560657501000125015001750200022502500275030003250350037502602803003203403803604004204404604805005205402009GEOLOGICTIMESCALEPALEOZOICPERMIANDEVONIANORDOVICIANSILURIANMISSIS-SIPPIANPENNSYL-VANIANCAMBRIAN*CARBONIFEROUSAGE(Ma)EPOCHAGEPICKS(Ma)PERIOD251260254266268271276284297304306299.0318326345359374385392398407411416419421428426436439423444446455461472468479488496501503507492510517521535542GZELIANKASIMOVIANMOSCOVIANBASHKIRIANSERPUKHOVIANVISEANTOURNAISIANFAMENNIANFRASNIANGIVETIANEIFELIANEMSIANPRAGHIANLOCKHOVIAN312PRECAMBRIANPROTEROZOICARCHEANAGE(Ma)EONERABDY.AGES(Ma)100012001800205023001400160025002800320036003850LMMEEEEFuron-gianSeries3Series2Terre-neuvianLLLMM542630850MESOZOICTRIASSICJURASSICCRETACEOUSAGE(Ma)EPOCHAGEPICKS(Ma)MAGNETICPOLARITYPERIODPERIODHIST.ANOM.CHRON.LATEEARLYLATEEARLYMIDDLELATEEARLYMIDDLEMAASTRICHTIAN65.570.683.585.889.393.599.6112125130136140145.5151156165161CAMPANIANSANTONIANCONIACIANTURONIANCENOMANIANALBIANAPTIANBARREMIANHAUTERIVIANVALANGINIANBERRIASIANTITHONIANKIMMERIDGIANOXFORDIANCALLOVIANBATHONIANBAJOCIANAALENIANTOARCIANPLIENSBACHIANSINEMURIANHETTANGIANNORIANRHAETIANCARNIANLADINIANANISIANOLENEKIANINDUANC31C32C33313233M0rM1M5M10M12M14M16M18M20M22M25M29M3168172176197190201.6204241228251.0250245RAPIDPOLARITYCHANGES30C30C3434CENOZOICAGE(Ma)EPOCHAGEPICKS(Ma)MAGNETICPOLARITYPERIODHIST.ANOM.CHRON.QUATER-NARYPLEISTOCENEMIOCENEOLIGOCENEEOCENEPALEOCENEPLIOCENEPIACENZIAN0.011.83.65.37.211.613.816.020.423.028.433.937.240.448.655.858.761.765.5LELMELMMEELZANCLEANMESSINIANTORTONIANSERRAVALLIANLANGHIANBURDIGALIANAQUITANIANCHATTIANRUPELIANPRIABONIANBARTONIANLUTETIANYPRESIANDANIANTHANETIANSELANDIANCALABRIANHOLOCENETERTIARYPALEOGENENEOGENE1C1C2C2AC3C3AC4C4AC6C6AC6BC6CC7C8C9C10C11C12C13C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C7AC5C5AC5BC5CC5DC5E22A33A44A55B5A5C66A6B789101112131516171819202122232425282926277A6C5D5E30C30GELASIAN2.6183CHANGHSINGIANWORDIANROADIANWUCHIAPINGIANCAPITANIANKUNGURIANASSELIANSAKMARIANARTINSKIANPRIDOLIANLUDFORDIANGORSTIANHOMERIANRHUDDANIANTELYCHIANAERONIANSHEINWOODIANHIRNANTIANSANDBIANKATIANDARRIWILIANDAPINGIANSTAGE10STAGE9PAIBIANGUZHANGIANDRUMIANSTAGE5STAGE4STAGE3STAGE2FORTUNIANFLOIANTREMADOCIANEDIACARANCRYOGENIANTONIANSTENIANECTASIANCALYMMIANSTATHERIANOROSIRIANRHYACIANSIDERIANNEOPRO-TEROZOICMESOPRO-TEROZOICPALEOPRO-TEROZOICNEOARCHEANMESO-ARCHEANPALEO-ARCHEANEOARCHEANHADEAN*Internationalageshavenotbeenfullyestablished.ThesearecurrentnamesasreportedbytheInternationalCommissiononStratigraphy.SourcesfornomenclatureandagesareprimarilyfromGradstein,F.,Ogg,J.,Smith,A.,etal.,2004,AGeologicTimeScale2004:CambridgeUniversityPress,589p.ModificationstotheTriassicafter:Furin,S.,Preto,N.,Rigo,M.,Roghi,G.,Gianolla,P.,Crowley,J.L.,andBowring,S.A.,2006,High-precisionU-PbzirconagefromtheTriassicofItaly:ImplicationsfortheTriassictimescaleandtheCarnianoriginofcalcareousnannoplanktonanddinosaurs:Geology,v.34,p.1009–1012,doi:10.1130/G22967A.1;andKent,D.V.,andOlsen,P.E.,2008,EarlyJurassicmagnetostratigraphyandpaleolatitudesfromtheHartfordcontinentalriftbasin(easternNorthAmerica):TestingforpolaritybiasandabruptpolarwanderinassociationwiththecentralAtlanticmagmaticprovince:JournalofGeophysicalResearch,v.113,B06105,doi:10.1029/2007JB005407.地质年代表GeologicalTimeScale地质时代、地层单位及其代号同位素年龄(百万年Ma)构造阶段生物演化阶段宙(宇)代(界)纪(系)世(统)时间间距距今年龄大阶段阶段动物植物中国主要地质、生物现象全新世(Q4/Qh)Holocene0.012第四纪(Q)Quaternary更新世(Q1Q2Q3/Qp)Pleistocene约2-32.48(1.64)人类出现冰川广布，黄土生成上新世(N2)Pliocene2.825.3新近纪(N)Neogene中新世(N1)Miocene1823.3西部造山运动，东部低平，湖泊广布渐新世(E3)Oligocene13.236.5哺乳类分化始新世(E2)Eocene16.553蔬果繁盛，哺乳类急速发展新生代(Kz)Cenozoic古近纪(E)Paleogene古新世(E1)Palaeocene1265(新阿尔卑斯阶段)喜马拉雅阶段哺乳动物繁盛（我国尚无古新世地层发现）晚白垩世(K2)被子植物繁盛白垩纪(K)Cretaceous早白垩世(K1)70135(140)造山作用强烈，火成岩活动矿产生成晚侏罗世(J3)中侏罗世(J2)侏罗纪(J)Jurassic早侏罗世(J1)73208恐龙极盛，中国南山俱成，大陆煤田生成晚三叠世(T3)联合古陆解体（老阿尔卑斯阶段）燕山阶段中三叠世(T2)中生代(Mz)Mesozoic三叠纪(T)Triassic早三叠世(T1)42250印支阶段爬行动物繁盛中国南部最后一次海侵，恐龙哺乳类发育晚二叠世(P2)裸子植物繁盛二叠纪(P)Permian早二叠世(P1)40290世界冰川广布，新南最大海侵，造山作用强烈晚石炭世(C3)中石炭世(C2)石炭纪(C)Carboniferous早石炭世(C1)72362(355)两栖动物繁盛气候温热，煤田生成，爬行类昆虫发生，地形低平，珊瑚礁发育晚泥盆世(D3)蕨类植物繁盛中泥盆世(D2)晚古生代(Pz2)泥盆纪(D)Devonian早泥盆世(D1)47409印支|海西阶段海西阶段鱼类繁盛无脊椎动物继续演化发展森林发育，腕足类鱼类极盛，两栖类发育晚志留世(S3)裸蕨植物繁盛中志留世(S2)志留纪(S)Silurian早志留世(S1)30439珊瑚礁发育，气候局部干燥，造山运动强烈晚奥陶世(O3)中奥陶世(O2)奥陶纪(O)Ordovician早奥陶世(O1)71510地热低平，海水广布，无脊椎动物极繁，末期华北升起晚寒武世(∈3)中寒武世(∈2)Phanerozoic显生宙(PH)Palaeozoic古生代(Pz)早古生代(Pz1)寒武纪(∈)Cambrian早寒武世(∈1)60570(600)海生无脊椎动物繁盛硬壳动物繁盛浅海广布，生物开始大量发展震旦纪(Z/Sn)Sinian230800联合古陆形成加里东阶段裸露动物繁盛地形不平，冰川广布，晚期海侵加广新元古代(Pt3)青白口纪2001000蓟县纪4001400藻类及菌类繁盛真核生物出现中元古代(Pt2)长城纪4001800晋宁阶段沉积深厚造山变质强烈，火成岩活动矿产生成Precambrian元古宙(PT)Proterozoic元古代(Pt)古元古代(Pt1)7002500(绿藻)地台形成吕梁阶段新太古代(Ar2)5003000原核生物出现Archaean太古宙(AR)Archaeozoic太古代(Ar)古太古代(Ar1)8003800早期基性喷发，继以造山作用，变质强烈，花岗岩侵入冥古宙(HD)46002800陆核形成生命现象开始出现地壳局部变动，大陆开始形成注：1、表中震旦纪、青白口纪、蓟县纪、长城纪，只限于国内使用地史单位表国际性地方性时间（年代）地层单位地质（年代）时代单位岩石地层单位宇Eonthem宙Eon界Erat