必修四module1-新单词

1alternativeadj.替换的，供选择的；二者选一的Thealternativemeansofgettingthereisbyship.n.选择；可供选择的事物；二者择一Eg:Wehavethealternativeofspeakingorofkeepingquiet.havenoalternative/choicebuttodo除…之外别无选择；只有，只好Alternatevt._________•alternatebetweenAandB轮流，交替2.Crimen.c.罪，罪行commitacrime犯罪sceneofthecrime犯罪现场n.u.犯罪行为crimerate犯罪率criminaln.c.犯罪者，罪犯adj.犯罪的，刑事的criminallaw刑法•3predictionn预测makepredictions•predictvt.预测•反馈•Noneofthem____thethingirlcouldkeepherendupandcameoutfirstintheinternationalmarathon.•Ahavepredicted•Bwouldpredict•Chadpredicted•DwerepredictingC4riskyadj.冒险的，危险的Itisariskythingtodrivetoofast.riskn.冒险,危险①takearisk\risksofdoingsth.=runtheriskofdoing冒险作某事②attheriskof（doing）sth冒…的风险riskvt.冒…的危险risk（doing）sthriskone’slifetodosth•5runout①(供应品等)用完,耗尽vi•Mymoneyhasrunout.•runoutof(某人)用完，耗尽某物vt=useup•Ihaverunoutofmymoney.•=Ihaveusedupmymoney.•=Mymoneyhasbeenrunoutof.•②使(某人)跑得筋疲力尽vi•=giveoutAfteralongwalkingheranout.③(协议,文件等)失效，过期•拓展•runabout到处跑•runacross偶然遇到•runafter追逐,追踪•runaway(常与from连用)逃脱,逃避,躲开•rundown(用车)撞倒;追寻;追获•runinto碰撞;遇上,偶然遇到•runoff(使)逃跑;使溜掉•6relyvi.依赖，依靠•①relyon/upon+sb/sth依赖…•doing指望做…•=dependon/upon•=counton•②relyonsb./sth.todo/doing...信赖某人/物做……•③relyonsb./sth.for...因……而依赖某人/物•④relyonitthat...指望……⑤Relyuponit.放心吧。※7Loadvt.装载Ittookmeanhourtoloadthetruck.load…（up）withsth使某人、物负荷某物把…装进…Weloadtruckswithcoal.Pleaseloadthebagwithfood.n.负担，责任，忧虑takeaload/weightoffone’smind使某人如释重负unload卸下download下载upload上传8arrestvt.逮捕;拘留;吸引•arrestsb.forsth.因某事而逮捕某人•getarrested被捕•arrestone’sattention引起某人的注意•n.逮捕;拘留•beunderarrest被拘留•beput/placedunderarrest被捕;在拘留中•arresteen.被捕者•arrestern.逮捕者•arrestmentn.拘捕;阻止;逮捕9firen.火，火灾•1)beonfire2)catchfire•3)setfiretosth.\set…onfire•4)putoutthefire5）makeafirevt.点燃，解雇Hefiredhiscigarette.Themanagerfiredhissecretary.v.开枪，射击fire（sth）atsb/sth向…开火/开枪Hefired（hisgun）atthebird.10limitn.限制，限定；范围（pl）setalimittovt.限制，限定limitsbto（doing）sth=belimitedtoImustlimitmyselftothreecupsoftea.=Imustbelimitedtothreecupsoftea.limitedadj.有限的limitedliabilitycompany有限责任公司Ltdlimitlessadj.无限的limitingadj限制的，限制性的11commandn.［U,C］命令,指挥;have/takecommandof指挥•dosthat/byone’scommand•奉某人之命做某事•beatone’scommand听某人吩咐n.［U］控制makecommandof控制v.命令,指挥;掌握Command+sb/sth+todothat+主语+(should)do※12.chargen.费用;价钱freeofcharge免费=forfree•n.负责，掌管•由某人负责;由某人照料(管理)•（Sbis）inchargeofsth（人）负责（事物）•（sthis）in/underthechargeofsb.•=（sthis）in/underone’scharge•（sb）takechargeof负责;看管v.控诉;收费;充电Chargesbwithsth控告某人某事Chargesbmoneyforsth向…索取…的费用Chargeabattery充电池•反馈•Heis___________thiscompany,thatis,thiscompanyis_______________him.inchargeofinthechargeof•13attach①vt.系;贴;连接•attachsth.tosth.•②vi.附着,附属;attachsth.tosth.把……附在……上,把……固定到……•③vt.依恋，留恋，爱慕•attachoneselftosb.和……在一起,缠着•beattachedtosb./sth.依恋,留恋某人(某事物);•Wehavegrown____tothishouseandwouldhatetomove.•Aattached•Bresponsible•Cresistant(抵抗的)•DcontraryA•14.shapen.形状,外形;体形;•vt.塑造;形成;发育;发展•inshape在形状上•beinbadshape情况处于混乱状态;健康状况不佳•beingoodshape处于良好状态;健康情况良好•outofshape变(走)样;不成样子;身体不舒服,生病•intheshapeof以……的形状(形式);作为•inanyshape任何形式•keepsth.inshape使……保持原形